challenges for extraction of critical technology elements
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Challenges for extraction of critical technology elements and radionuclides from phosphogypsum tailings
Dr. Michael Haschke, EurGeolDMT Manager R&D
Am Technologiepark 145307 Essen, Germany
Email: [email protected]
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Phosphogypsum (PG) Tailings asSource of Critical Raw Materials (REE, P) Sand-silt size CaSO4 ∙ 2 H2O + apatite (REE),
monazite (REE), silicates, and sulfates.- 70-90% of REE phosphogypsum tailings- 10-30% of REE phosphoric acid (fertilizer)
Underestimated source of critical raw materials:- REE content commonly 0.5 - 1.0 wt.%- P content commonly 0.5 - 2.5 wt.%
Expected vast increase in PG tailings resources growing REE and P resource reservoir.
Significant zero-waste potential.
ca. 6 kg REE
ca. 420 kg REE
ca. 4,200 kg REE
ca. 2,400 kg REE / 4MW
few grams REE
DMT Innovation
Phosphogypsum Key Facts
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raPHOSafeDMT InnovationZero-Waste
Tailings Recycling
Product: Radionuclide classification tool for sorting of PGtailings material.
Goal- Zero-waste recycling of phosphogypsum tailings
worldwide.- Legal EU-radiation compliant (1 Bq/g) classification.- Minimize amount of PG due for radiochemical
remediation.- Re-Engineering of PG for near-zero waste recycling to
construction material (gypsum boards, cement). Tasks
- Construction and calibration of patented automatedconveyor belt classification system for sorting of 226Ra-rich PG (TENORM) and separation from non-radioactive tailings material.
- Potential global application; target capacity: 5-8 t/hr.
Storage of process water on phosphogypsumstack at Huelva, SpainSource: IAEA Phosphate NORM Pub 1582, 2013
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Incorporation in newlybuilt bone material
bone-forming cells
Radiates neighboring tumorcells (alpha-rays).Efficiently kills highly localizedtumor cells.
bonemarrow
bone-repair cells
223Ra Casubstitution
newly formedbone material
α-particle radiation breaks DNA in tumor cell
223RaCl2 half-life 11.4 days
Source: Bruland et al. (2006) Clinical Cancer Research, vol 12 (20), p. 6250-6257.
DMT InnovationMineral Resources for Life-Saving Cancer Treatment
tumor cells
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Partner Innovation CRN – TVN Connect - DMTUnmanned Airborne Exploration and Monitoring
GROUND ▪ AIR ▪ SPACE
Customized systems / flight missions. High payload capacity (up to 50 kg). Flexible flight times (up to several hours). Very low flight altitudes (down to 1 meter). Terrain-following mode. Automated / beyond line of sight navigation.
Multicopter Cage-Multicopter Turbine-Rotary Wing
Fixed-Wing Electro Fixed-Wing Combust Vertical Take-Off
Airship Cam-Rover
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Optimization of operations monitoring (e.g. zero-wasterecycling) and early warning systems for tailings dam failure.
SENTINEL-1A/1B
TerraSAR-X / TanDEM-X
LIDAR Ri-COPTER
Radar remote sensing combining data from Sentinelsatelites (1A/B), LIDAR satellite, TerraSAR-X and
TanDEM-X with UAV.
DMT & Partners InnovationWide Range of Multiscale Surveying – Exploration – Monitoring Systems
GROUND ▪ AIR ▪ SPACE
SATELLITE LIDAR