challenger expedition 1872-1876
DESCRIPTION
Challenger expedition 1872-1876. Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford. Scripps Institute of Oceanography. Friday Harbor Labs, Washington. Submersibles. R/V FLIP , floating instrument platform. Scientific Method. What? Why? How?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Challenger expedition 1872-1876
Woods Hole, Massachusetts Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford
Scripps Institute of Oceanography Friday Harbor Labs, Washington
Submersibles
R/V FLIP, floating instrument platform
Scientific Method
• What?
• Why?
• How?
Inductive approach: from specific observations to the general
Deductive approach: use general principles in predicting specific outcomes
Ocean Basin Geography
Interconnected World Ocean system
How did we get these ocean basins?
• Continental drift– all the continents had once been joined in a
single ‘supercontinent’ called Pangaea • Plate tectonics• Sea floor spreading
Mid Ocean Ridge• Continuous chain of submarine volcanic
mountains encircling the globe– Largest geological feature on earth– Is not static; slips and slides
Sea floor spreading
• As ridges separate, molten mantle rises up through rift
Moving plates
Collisions
• Creates trenches or subduction zones– Earthquakes &
volcanos– Less dense continental
crust floats on top; lasts forever
– Form volcanic islands
Kilauea, Hawai’i