ch.7 expansion and industrialization (1860-1914)
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Ch.7 Expansion and Industrialization (1860-1914). By Matthew Pippin. Formed when The Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroad joined their tracks at Promontory, Utah. Transcontinental Railroad. Westward expansion caused conflicts with Native Americans. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Ch.7 Expansion and Industrialization (1860-1914)
• By Matthew Pippin
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Formed when The Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroad joined their
tracks at Promontory, Utah.• Transcontinental
Railroad.
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Westward expansion caused conflicts with Native Americans
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Conflicts with Native Americans that faugh against westward
expansion are called this.• Frontier Wars.
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Name given to 4 all black regiments, by Native Americans , that fought in the Frontier Wars
• Buffalo Soldiers.
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Battle where Sioux warriors surrounded and killed
General Custer and his men.
• Battle of Little Bighorn 1876
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Act passed by congress that dissolved the reservations and gave Indian families 160
acres to farm.
• Dawes Act
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Dance performed by the Sioux that they believed would bring back the buffalo and
remove the whites
• The Ghost Dance
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Massacre of Sioux leader Sitting Bull, and his people by U.S army.
• Massacre at Wounded Knee
• Army tried to arrest Sitting Bull
• Began when settlers feared the Sioux and their Ghost Dance.
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Process developed by Sir Henry Bessemer that improved the
production of steel.
• The Bessemer Process
• Bessemer, Alabama named after him
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Invented by John Deere in 1830’s it allowed people to work the land of
the midwest and plains.
• Steel Plow
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Used by farmers of the plains to pump water out of the ground.
• Wind mill
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Developed by Joseph Glidden, it allowed farmers to cheaply and
efficiently fence in land
• Barbed Wire
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Group of farmers that pooled their resources to purchase new equipment at better price.
• Grange
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Political party that formed in 1892 to address the concerns of the
farmers.
• The Populist Party
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Man responsible for sending the first telephone transmission.
• Alexander Graham Bell
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A company that is the only supplier in its particular industry.
• Monopoly
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Persons that become wealthy by exploitation and ruthlessness
• Robber barons• Ex. John Rockefeller,
Andrew Carnegie, and Cornelius Vanderbilt.
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Owned the Standard Oil Co. and created a monopoly in the oil industry by ensuring that his
company was the only supplier of oil.
• John D. Rockefeller
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Owned a steel company that controlled all phases of production
and forced out competition.
• Andrew Carnegie• Believed that wealthy
should help poor. He called this idea Gospel of Wealth.
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Owner of the New York Central railroad
• Cornelius Vanderbilt
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Famous labor union formed in 1881 to coordinate strikes in entire industries and lobby congress for
better working conditions.
• American Federation of Labor
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Act passed in 1882 that prohibited Chinese from immigrating to U.S.
• The Chinese Exclusion Act
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Movement that started during the 1890’s that developed in response to the growing corruption of
politicians by the forces of big business. • The Progressive
Movement
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Leading intellectuals during the Progressive Movement that wrote stories explaining the abuse
of big business on workers and consumers
• Muckrakers
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Book written by Upton Sinclair that exposed the miserable working conditions and poor food quality
of the meat packing industry.
• The Jungle
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Wrote The History of the Standard Oil Company(1904) that exposed the corruption
of Standard Oil.• Ida Tarbell
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Person who began the movement for Public education in the early 19
century.
• Horace Mann
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These amendment were known as the Progressive Amendments
• 16th-collect income tax
• 17th-people elect senators instead of state legislatures
• 18th-Prohibited the making and selling of alcohol
• 19-Women’s suffarage
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Progressive president who initiated reforms such as National Park
system.
• President Theodore Roosevelt
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Theodore Roosevelt’s verbal contract with the people to maintain
equality for people and business
• The Square Deal.
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After reading The Jungle, Theodore Roosevelt promoted this act to protect the
health of the U.S people.
• Food and Drug Act• (1906)
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Name given to Woodrow Wilson’s Progressive ideas and actions.
• New Freedom.• Goal was to insure
competition in the marketplace and at the same time keep government out of business.
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Wilson urged congress to est. this commission to investigate companies for
unfair business practices.
• Federal Trade Commission (FTC), (1914)
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Act passed by congress that was sponsored by Alabama congressman Henry De Lamar Clayton that made sure that businesses could not use antitrust laws to break up labor
unions.
• Clayton Antitrust Act• (1914)
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Movement of blacks from the south to cities of the north and west as a result of violence in the south by the KKK.
• Black Exodus
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Former slave that founded the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama.
• Booker T Washington• He believed the
answer to racial confrontation lie in vocational education and blacks entering in to the workforce.( Blue Collar Worker)
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One of Booker T. Washington’s students who discovered the many
uses of the peanut
• George Washington Carver
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First black Ph.D. graduate from Harvard Univ. and wrote several important papers attacking the
philosophy of Booker T. Washington
• W.E.B. Du Bois• Believed Blacks
should strive to gain jobs in the Clerical or professional fields. (White Collar Fields)
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Movement organized by W.E.B.Du Bois that outlined the agenda for
black progress in U.S.
• Niagara Movement.• Meet in Niagara,
Canada after being denied hotel accommodations in the U.S.
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Goals of Niagara Movement.
• 1. Equal economic and political opportunities for blacks
• 2. Ending of segregation
• 3. Ending discrimination in the court system, public facilities, and trade unions.
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Organization formed to help blacks gain equality and adopted the goals of
the Niagara Movement.
• National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
• (NAACP)
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1896 supreme court case ruling that said segregation was legal (separation of races), as
long as things were equal.• Plessy vs. Ferguson• Things were separate
but not equal.