ch.3. water quality what is wq? physical, chemical, biological characteristics of water...
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Ch.3. Water Quality What is WQ?
Physical, chemical, biological characteristics of waterAppropriateness of water properties for a given usage
purpose
Water usage?DrinkingOther household usage (shower, gardening, laundry, cook-
ing, etc.)AgricultureIndustryLeisureOthers
WQ criteria: The levels of the constituents (includ-ing pollutants) and other parameters indicating the water quality. The criteria can be setFor inorganic parameters:
○ Anionic components: F, Cl, SO4, NO3, PO4○ Cationic components: All the metals, including heavy metals
such as Pb, Cd, As, Se, Hg, etc.○ Neutral coponents: Si, O2
For organic parameters: TDS, color, COD etc.For (micro)biological parameters: Coliforms, Salmonella,
Viruses etc.For pesticides: Diazinon, Parathion, etc.For radio nuclides: 226Ra, 228Ra, alpha particle activity etc.
WQ standards: Sets of recommended (maxi-mum) levels of the criteria to secure the pur-pose of the water useDrinking water standards
○ WHO, USEPA, EU, ROK (see the Table on the next page)
Surface water standardsGroundwater standards
○ Groundwater quality standard of ROKWQ standard for finfishWQ standard for paddy riceetc
From http://moohee21.com.ne.kr/NCWP.html
Drinking water standards ofThe Republic of Korea
From http://en.engormix.com/MA-aquaculture/articles/aquaculture-water-quality-disease-t1160/165-p0.htm
WQ standard for finfish (Australia)
Potential health effects from ingestion of waterInorganic
○ As: Skin damage; circulatory system problems; in-creased risk of cancer
○ Pb: Infants and children-delays in physical or mental development. Adults-kidney problems; high blood pressure
From http://colonelspeaks.wordpress.com/tag/mass-poisoning/
From http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/health10/overview.html
From http://atlas-emergency-medicine.org.ua/ch.12.htm
Arsenic (As) poisoning
Image courtesy of Paul Traughber, M.D., Boise, Idaho.This X-ray shows white bands of lead collected in the growth plates of the knee joints of a child
Lead (Pb) poisoning
From http://www.revolutionhealth.com/articles/x-ray-of-lead-poisoning-in-a-child/zm6084
○ Cd: ‘Itai-Itai’ disease, kidney damage
From http://pollutionpictures.blogspot.com/
○ Hg: ‘Minamata’ disease, kidney damage
From http://healthandenergy.com/air_pollution_health_effects.htm /
Son With Birth Defects Due to Mercury Poisoning
○ F: Bone disease (pain and tenderness of the bones); Children may get mottled teeth.
Researchers say in some villages nearly all adults suffer skeletal fluorosis. China.
From http://ehpnet1.niehs.nih.gov/docs/1994/102-2/focus.html
From http://curezone.com/forums/fm.asp?i=919190
○ NO3, NO2: "Blue baby syndrome" in infants under six months - life threatening without immediate medical attention. Symptoms: Infant looks blue and has short-ness of breath.
From http://www.bluebabysyndrome.org/87/how-to-identify-blue-baby-syndrome/ /
Fingertips get swollen. Medically this is called as “Clubbing
From http://library.thinkquest.org/04oct/01590/pollution/culturaleutroph.jpg