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CH 10.1Bacteria & Archaea

Copyright © 2013 Organized Binder. All Rights Reserved. (8/2/13)

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Unit

CA Content Standards Covered In This Unit

Ch 5-2 & 5.3 Quiz: Punnett Squares & Traits 1/15/15

Chapter 5 Vocabulary 1/5/15

Unit 1: Ch 5.1 Mendel & His Peas Notes 1/6/15

Unit 1: Ch 5.1 Mendel & His Experiments Notes 1/6/15Unit 1: Ch 5.1 Mendel & His Experiments WKST & HMWK 1/6/15

Unit 1: Ch 5.1 Mendel & His Ratio WKST & HMWK

Unit 1: Ch 5.1 Mendel & His Ratio Notes

Ch 5.1 Quiz: Mendel, Peas and Ratios Trait Survey Packet (Lab)

Section 5.1 Review #1-4, 7, 8-9 p. 119Ch 5.2: Traits & Punnett Square Notes

Ch 5.2: Traits & Punnett Square WKST & HMWK

Ch 5.3: Meiosis NotesCh 5.3: Meiosis Activity (WKST) & HMWKCh 5.2 Section Review p. 125 #1,3,4,6,7-9

Family Portrait Activity-Probability of Genes

Finger Print Activity 1/5/15

Ch 5.3 Section Review p.133 #2-4,5-6,8,9

Ch 5.3 Quiz: Meiosis & Pedigrees

1/22/15

1/22/15

Pedigree Worksheet & Homework 1/22/15

“Bug Builder” Lab Activity 1/22/15

Ch 6 Vocabulary 1/26/15Ch 6.1 DNA Structure Notes 1/26/15


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My List of Academic ToolsCh 6.1 DNA Structure & Copies Notes 1/26/15

DNA Structure WkSt and HmWk 1/26/15

Extracting DNA Lab 1/29/14

Copying DNA Worksheet (in class) 1/28/15

6.1 Section Review p. 147 #1-7 1/29/15

6.1 Quiz DNA Structure & Copies 1/29/15

Ch 6.2 Notes: How DNA Works 2/3/14 How DNA Works Worksheet 2/3/14 Ch 6.2 Directed Reading 2/5/14 Ch 6.2 Section Review pp. 155 #1-5, 7-11 2/6/15 Mutations Worksheet 2/6/15


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What is a prokaryote?

A prokaryote is a single-celled organism that doesn’t have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.




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Unit


Ch 10 Vocabulary 2/17/15Ch 10.1 Bacteria & Viruses Notes 2/17/15Ch 10.1 Bacteria Worksheet & Homework 2/17/15

Chapter 10 Vocabulary

• Binary fission: a form of asexual reproduction in a single-celled organism by which one cell divides into two

• Endospores: a thick-walled protective spore that forms in a bacterial cell and resists harsh conditions

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41aqxcxsX2w

http://www.apple.com

10.1: Bacteria & Archaea

• There are 2.1 billion bacteria in 1 gram of soil!

• All living things fit into 3 domains:

• (1) Bacteria,

• (2) Archaea

• (3) Eukarya

10.1: Bacteria & Archaea

• There are more bacteria on Earth than any other living things combined.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/11331174/First-new-antibiotic-in-30-years-discovered-in-major-breakthrough.html

10.1: Bacteria

• Bacteria come in all shapes and sizes

• Inside surgeon fish

10.1: Bacteria Shapes

• Three most common shapes of bacteria:

• (1) Bacilli

• (2) Cocci

• (3) Spirilla


• (1) Bacilli

• rod-shaped

• large surface area: good to absorb nutrients


• (2) Cocci

• spherical


• (3) Spirilla

• long, and spiral-shaped

• use flagella to move

10.1: Bacteria Reproduction

• Steps of Binary Fission

• (1) Cell Grows

• (2) The DNA is copied and attached to the cell membrane

• (3) The DNA and its copy separate as the cell grows larger

• (4) The cell splits in two. Each new cell has a copy of the DNA

10.1: Bacteria & Endospores

• Bacteria like warm, moist environments.

• When in cold, dry environments, bacteria can sometimes form endospores.

10.1: Bacteria Classification

• Bacteria are classified by the way they obtain (get) food.

• Consumers, producers, decomposers

10.1: Bacteria Classification

• Cyanobacteria:

• producers

• live in water

• contain chlorophyll

10.1: Archaea

• Three Main Types:

• (1) heat lovers

• (2) salt lovers

• (3) methane makers


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What is a prokaryote?

A prokaryote is a single-celled organism that doesn’t have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.

Bacteria reproduce similar to the steps of mitosis. What is it called when bacteria multiple in numbers?

This process is called binary fission.




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Unit


Ch 10 Vocabulary 2/17/15Ch 10.1 Bacteria & Viruses Notes 2/17/15Ch 10.1 Bacteria Worksheet & Homework 2/17/15Ch 10.1 Bacteria’s Role in the World Notes 2/18/15


• Bioremediation: using microorganisms to change harmful chemicals into harmless ones

• Antibiotics: medicines used to kill bacteria and other microorganisms

• Pathogenic bacteria: bacteria that cause disease

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WvKphSn6uTg

10.2 Bacteria’s Role in the World

• Bacteria live in the water, food, and our bodies.

http://www.resistancethefilm.com/


• Bacteria are good for:

• (1) The Environment

• (2) People


• The Environment

• Help recycle dead animals & plants


• The Environment

• Nitrogen cycle

• Nitrogen makes up 78% of the air

• Plants need bacteria to change nitrogen into a form they can use “Nitrogen fixation”


• The Environment

• Recycling: decomposers


• The Environment

• Cleaning Up: bioremediation

• Helps clean up hazardous wastes, oil spills, and removes pollutants from the air


• Bacteria are good for:

• (1) The Environment

• (2) People


• People

• In food: cheese, yogurt, buttermilk, sour cream

• Lactic-acid producing bacteria break down sugar in milk (lactose)

• Lactic acid preserves food and gives food flavor


• People

• Medicines: insulin

• People with diabetes don’t have enough insulin to break down sugar

• 1970: put genes in bacteria so bacteria could make human insulin


• People

• Genetic Engineering: changing the genes in a organism

• Insert genes in bacteria to produce insecticides, cleansers, and adhesives


• Harmful bacteria:

• Get inside a host organism and take nutrients from the host


• Harmful bacteria:

• Can infect plants, grain, and produce


• Cancer research: pGLO gene


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List two ways bacteria benefit the environment or people, and list two ways bacteria can be harmful.




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Unit


Ch 10 Vocabulary 2/17/15Ch 10.1 Bacteria & Viruses Notes 2/17/15Ch 10.1 Bacteria Worksheet & Homework 2/17/15Ch 10.1 Section Review 2/18/15Bacteria Growth Lab 2/18/15Ch 10.3 Virus Notes 2/23/15

Ch 10.3 Virus Infection Lab 2/24/15

Ch 10.3 Virus Worksheet & Homework 2/24/15Ch 10.3 Section Review p. 259 #1-4 & 6-8 2/24/15Ch 10 Quiz (Bacteria & Viruses) 2/26/15


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Write one or two things you already know about viruses.

What is the definition of a virus?

A virus is a microscopic particle that enters and destroys a host cell. It is considered to be both living and non-living.


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SUBSTITUTE

What are the steps of the lytic cycle? (i.e. how do viruses infect human cells?)

(1)The virus attaches to a host cell and injects it’s DNA (2)The host cell becomes a virus “factory" (3) Too many viruses are made in the cell, and the cell bursts (4)Viruses are release to invade new host cells




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Ch 10 Vocabulary 2/17/15Ch 10.1 Bacteria & Viruses Notes 2/17/15Ch 10.1 Bacteria Worksheet & Homework 2/17/15Ch 10.1 Section Review 2/18/15Bacteria Growth Lab 2/18/15Ch 10.3 Virus Notes 2/23/15

Ch 10.3 Virus Infection Lab 2/24/15

Ch 10.3 Virus Worksheet & Homework 2/24/15Ch 10.3 Section Review p. 259 #1-4 & 6-8 2/24/15Ch 10 Quiz (Bacteria & Viruses) 2/26/15


• Virus: a microscopic particle that gets inside a cell and destroys the cell (living and non-living)

• Host: an organism from which a parasite takes food or shelter

Ch 10.3: Viruses

• Many viruses can cause diseases: cold, flu

• Viruses are smaller than bacteria

• *5 billion viruses particles can fit in a single drop of blood

Ch 10.3: Viruses

• *Scientists don’t know how many types of viruses exist

• *Their characteristics make them difficult to fight

Ch 10.3: Viruses

• Are Viruses Living?

• Like living things, viruses contain protein and genetic material.

• BUT, they can’t eat, grow, break down food or use oxygen on their own

Ch 10.3: Viruses

• Classifying Viruses:

• Shape

• Type of disease

• Life cycle

• Genetic material

Ch 10.3: Viruses

• Shapes of Viruses

• (1) Crystals (polio)

• (2) Cylinders (plants)

• (3) Spheres (flu)

• (4) Spacecraft (kills bacteria)

Ch 10.3: Viruses

• Parts of a virus:

• (1) genetic material

• (2) protein coat

Ch 10.3: Viruses

• The protein coat protects the genetic material and helps a virus enter a host cell.

• Sometimes similar coating as host cells

Ch 10.3: Viruses

• Viruses have either DNA or RNA

• Warts, Chicken pox: DNA

• Colds, Flu: RNA

Ch 10.3: Viruses

• The Lytic Cycle

Ch 10.3: Viruses

• Viruses use host cells as factories to make more viruses within cells until they burst.

• When they burst, all of the new viruses are released, and find new host cells to “take over”

Ch 10.3: Viruses

• Some virus DNA stay in cells and are not activated for a while.

Ch 10.3: Viruses

• Treatments:

• Antiviral medication (stop viruses from reproducing)

• Many viruses do not have cures

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