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Health and Safety Manual

Health and Safety Manual Chapter 2 ( Risk Assessment ) V 1.0 Issued 13th August 2012 UNCONTROLLED IF PRINTED of 38

Chapter 2 Risk Assessment Contents

1. Introduction Page 3 2. What is risk assessment Page 3 3. Definitions Page 4 4. Key Responsibilities Page 4 5. Risk Assessment Process Page 4 6. Completion of Risk Assessment Form Page 5 7. Communication of Risk Assessment Page 10 8. Further Advice and Assistance Page 10 Risk Assessment Form Page 11 Completed Risk Assessment Form Page 13 Hazards, risk and control measures Page 15 Playgrounds Page 15 Corridors Page 16 Car Parks Page 17 Kitchens Page 18 Dining Areas Page 19 Classrooms Page 20 Lunch/Break time Page 21 Halls Page 23 Care taking duties Page 24 Libraries Page 26 Staffroom Page 27 Store Room Page 27 Admin Office Page 28 Art, Design and craft room Page 29 Domestic science/ cookery classroom Page 30 Biology Laboratory Page 31 Chemistry / Physics Laboratory Page 32 Engineering Workshop Page 34 Gymnasium Page 35 ICT Suite Page 36



Version The table below shows the history of the document and the changes that were made at each version.

Version Date Summary of changes 1.0 13th August 2012 Initial issue



1. Introduction. 1.1 A risk assessment is an important step in protecting all employees, pupils, visitors

and the business, as well as complying with the law. It helps to focus on the risks that really matter in the workplace, and the ones with the potential to cause real harm. In many instances, straightforward measures can readily control risks, for example ensuring spillages are cleaned up promptly so people do not slip, or cupboard drawers are kept closed to ensure people do not trip. For most, that means simple, cheap and effective measures to ensure all are protected. The law does not expect the elimination of all risk, but does expect to protect people from risk as far as ‘reasonably practicable’.

2. What is risk assessment.

2.1 A risk assessment is simply a careful examination of what, could cause harm to people, so that you can judge whether enough precautions are in place, or more should be to prevent harm. Workers and others have a right to be protected from harm caused by a failure to take reasonable control measures.

2.2 Accidents and ill health can ruin lives and affect the business too if staff are

injured, claims for compensation are made, or the school or individuals in the school are prosecuted. The employer is legally required to assess the risks in the workplace so that there is a plan to control the risks. The main responsibility to manage risks and carry out risk assessments lies with the head teacher.

2.3 There is no need to overcomplicate the process. In schools risks are well known

and the necessary control measures are easy to apply. It will be already known if, for example, who uses a computer extensively during their working day and may not be seated appropriately, or where people are most likely to slip or trip. If so, check that reasonable precautions are taken to avoid injury. In all cases, involve staff or their representatives in the process. They will have useful information about how the work is done, that will make the assessment of the risk more thorough and effective. But remember, Line Managers are responsible for seeing that the assessment is carried out properly.



3. Definitions. 3.1 A Hazard is something that has the potential to cause harm, such as chemicals,

electricity, working from ladders, etc 3.2 A Risk is the likelihood of a given loss occurring in defined circumstances.

4. Key Responsibilities. 4.1 All Line Managers must ensure that a full risk assessment of their work area is

conducted. Head Teachers must ensure a risk assessment process is in place and monitor its effectiveness.

4.2 All risk assessments must be communicated to all staff in the area assessed and

must be reviewed:

annually; where a significant change has been made to the building or process; where there is reason to believe that the risk assessment is no longer

valid; following an accident; and If necessary as a result of an inspection or audit.

5. Risk Assessment Process. 5.1 Identify the Hazards: The first step to a risk assessment is to identify anything

that could be expected to cause harm, this could be done by:

Walking around the work place identifying hazards Asking the staff – as they are involves with the activity every day Check through previous accident records to identify any accident black

spots



5.2 Who can be harmed? For each hazard it needs to be clear who might be harmed; it will help identify the best way of managing the risk. That doesn’t mean listing everyone by name, but rather identifying groups of people (e.g. ‘people working in the storeroom’ or ‘passers-by’) although in some cases it might be necessary to identify individuals. In each case, identify how they might be harmed, i.e. what type of injury or ill health might occur. For example, ‘premises manager may suffer back injury from repeated lifting of boxes’.

5.3 Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions. Look at what you’re already

doing, think about what controls you have in place and how the work is organised. Then compare this with the relevant chapter in this manual and see if there’s more you should be doing to bring yourself up to standard. In asking yourself:

Can the hazard be removed altogether? If not, how can the risks be controlled so that harm is unlikely?

5.4 Record and implement the findings. Putting the results of the risk assessment

into practice will make a difference when looking after people and the school. Writing down the results of the risk assessment, and sharing them with staff, encourages this process. If there are quite a lot of improvements that could be made, big and small, don’t try to do everything at once. Make a plan of action to deal with the most important things first. Health and safety inspectors acknowledge the efforts of schools that are clearly trying to make improvements.

5.5 Review and update. New equipment, substances and procedures may be

introduced that could lead to new hazards. It is essential, therefore, to review what is being done on an ongoing basis. Every year or so formally review the risk assessment, to ensure that they are still appropriate, and to make sure you are still improving.

6. Completion of Risk Assessment form.

6.1 A standard form has been produced to assist in the risk assessment process, see below. This form should be used to ensure a standard approach in all schools.



An example of a completed assessment form is also found below. Completion of the risk assessment form is as follows:

6.2 Description of task: Insert details of the task or area in which work is being

carried out that is being assessed and where it is taking place. For example, working in the general/reception office (not office work in general).

6.3 Location: Insert the location(school / other site), the name and position held of

the assessor. 6.4 Assessment details:

Insert a local reference Number for each assessment. The Planned Review Date should be no greater than 1 year from the

Date of Assessment and may be shorter if a high risk activity is being assessed. Where further control measures and an action plan are required the review date should be no later than the expected completion date of the last action.

The Task should be descriptive of the activity and unambiguous.# 6.5 Hazard: Insert details of all the hazards arising from the activity. These can be

identified in many ways some of which are:

Walk around the workplace and look at what could reasonably be expected to cause serious harm.

Consult Union or Staff Safety Representatives and all other employees in

the area being assessed who may be able to identify additional hazards that may not be obvious.

An example of a hazard that may be found in a general office environment

is a trailing cable. 6.6 Risk: Insert the risks arising from each hazard.

Consider what risks are associated with the hazard identified at 6.5



Using the example at 6.5 the major risk from a trailing cable is tripping over it.

6.7 Individuals affected: Insert details of the people who may be harmed by the

hazards identified.

This will include staff, pupils, visitors, contractors, trainees, members of the public, volunteers, those who share your workplace, etc.

This may be a particular individual, who due to particular circumstances be

particularly at risk from the hazards associated with the task, which requires a specific assessment to be carried out for them. For example, somebody who has injured their back lifting objects.

6.8 Control measures already in place: Insert details of control measures in place to

reduce the risk. These are the day to day ways that the area is managed in order to ensure the continued safety of all those working and visiting the area.

Using the example at 6.5 control measures already in place could

be cable management within desks or a rubber cable strip placed on the floor.

Examples of some of the frequently encountered hazards, the risk

they present and the standard control measures are detailed from page 15.

6.9 Calculation of risk: The Risk Calculator on the reverse of the Risk Assessment

form should be used to ascertain the likelihood of the risks arising from the identified hazard being realised and the seriousness of any resulting injury. Insert these details.

Using the example at 6.5 the likelihood of anyone tripping over the

cable if the existing control measures are in place are “remote” to “improbable”. If there were no existing control measures in place then the likelihood of someone tripping over the cable is “possible” if there are only one or two people in the area and this could increase to “very likely” if the trailing cable was on a busy walkway. The seriousness of the injury could range from a “major injury” such



as a broken arm to a “minor injury” such as a graze or sprain. The worst case should always be assumed.

6.10 Control measures required to reduce risk. If the existing control measures are

deemed adequate and the risk calculation is 3 or below then, proceed to 6.13.There is no need to provide any additional control measures but, control measures in place must be regularly monitored.

If the existing control measures are not deemed adequate, being

either not there or the risk calculation exceeds 3, additional measures need to be introduced.

When considering additional control measures the following

principles should be applied in the following order:

Elimination of the hazard – do we need to do the job at all? o Substitution of the hazard – can a less hazardous material

be used. For example the use of water based paints rather than oil based paints.

o Isolate the people from the hazard – put barriers between pedestrians and vehicles

o Control by engineering methods – place guards on rotating machinery (e.g. in a workshop)

o Control by administrative means – ensure policies are complied with, place signs to warn of hazards, etc.

o Issue Personal Protective Equipment – this should only be used as a last resort if all other measures fail to reduce the risk to an acceptable level. An example of PPE is the use of ear defenders to minimise the effects of noise or protective clothing to avoid splashes from chemicals.

6.11 Calculation of residual risk: The Risk Calculator on the reverse of the Risk

Assessment form should be used again to ascertain the likelihood of the risks arising from the identified hazard being realised and the seriousness of any resulting injury now that additional control measures have been identified. This process must be repeated until the residual risk is reduced to a value as low as practicable. A reading under 9 should always be aimed for.



1.12 Action Plan.

Where additional control measures have been identified (paragraph

6.10) an action plan should be formulated showing what actions are required to implement the required additional control measures, who will implement these and by when.

Once additional actions have been completed the Date completed

box should be filled in with both the date and the signature of the person verifying that the actions are complete.

A review of the risk assessment should now be conducted with the

“new” control measures moved onto the Existing Control Measures section. This will ensure that the risk is reduced to the lowest practical level

6.8 Line Manager’s sign off

The line manager must check the risk assessment to ensure that all

significant hazards/risks have been recorded and annotate that they agree with each assessment.

The line manager must also state either that:-

o there are no outstanding actions

OR

o they will take follow up actions commensurate with the degree of risk involved and it should be stated on the form, precisely what actions have been set in hand

All assessments requiring further action are to be retained by the

line manager and kept under constant review. Additionally, on completion of the initial review of assessments, line managers are



to ensure that all significant hazards associated with the work activity in their area have been identified and the risk assessment rose.

7. Communication of Risk Assessments.

7.1 Copies of completed risk assessments are to be made available to, and discussed

with, all employees engaged on the activities to which they relate. In particular, individuals are to be advised on:

the risks to their health and safety; the preventative and protective measures (i.e. control measures

identified in the risk assessment); and the risks created by others working in the immediate vicinity.

8. Further Advice and assistance. 8.1 Further information, advice and help is available from the Education Health and Safety Team on 020 8356 2278.



Risk Assessment Form Description of task and specific area being assessed

Location AssessmentDetails

School Name of Assessor Position Held

Risk Assessment No. Date of Assessment Planned Review Date

Hazard Risk IndividualsAffected

ControlMeasuresalreadyinplace

Calculationofrisk(useriskcalculatoroverleaf)Seriousness (A) Likelihood (B) Risk =AxB

ControlMeasuresrequiredtoreducerisk(ifotherthanminimalrisk)

Calculationofresidualrisk(useriskcalculatoroverleaf)Seriousness (A) Likelihood (B) Risk =AxB



ActionPlanAction Bywhom Bywhen Datecompleted/signature

Line Manager’s sign off

I agree with the risk assessment recorded above. There are no outstanding actions OR I have taken the following actions: (delete as necessary). Signed.........................................................Position...............................Date..........................

Risk calculator

Seriousness ( A ) Rating Likelihood ( B ) Rating

Fatality 5 Very likely 5

Major injury to several people 4 Likely 4

Major injury 3 Possible 3

Minor injury 2 Unlikely 2

Trivial injury 1 Very unlikely 1

Risk = Seriousness (A) x Likelihood (B)

Score Risk Action required



1 to 3 4 to 8 9 to 12 13 to 25

Minimal Low Medium High

Control measures should be kept under review Control measures should be fine tuned to reduce risk further if possible Control measures should be improved within 2 weeks, consider an alternative lower risk activity Activity NOT to proceed until risks addressed. Seek immediate advice from LBH Head of Health and Safety

(Education)



Risk Assessment Form Description of task and specific area being assessed

Work in the school admin/reception office

Location Assessment Details

School Junior High Name of Assessor Bill Smith Position Held School secretary

Risk Assessment No.JH 001 Date of Assessment 4 May 2008 Planned Review Date 30 June 2008

Hazard Risk Individuals Affected

a) Loose telephone cable b) Electric heater c) Heavy boxes of paper d) Violence from an irate parent e) Use of a computer f) Boxes on top of cupboards

Slips and trips Burns/electric shock Back strain from lifting Possible serious injury Strain to eyes and wrist Possible impact if they fell

Office staff x2 Occasionally a visitor to “sign

in"

ControlMeasuresalreadyinplacea) Cables covered by rubber strip b) Heater kept out of the way of furniture and away from staff. Has regular PAT tests c) Stored on the bottom shelf of cupboard. Photocopy paper always removed a packet at a timed) Security glass screen installed. Visitors not allowed access to office unless known e) None f) Tidied up as often as possible. Only light items stored at height. Steps used for access.

Calculationofrisk(useriskcalculatoroverleaf)Seriousness (A) 2 Likelihood (B) 4 Risk =AxB 8

ControlMeasuresrequiredtoreducerisk(ifotherthanminimalrisk)e) DSE assessments to be carried out as soon as possiblef) Efforts to be made to obtain more storage. Look to see if any “old but needed” material can be stored out of the office.

Calculationofresidualrisk(useriskcalculatoroverleaf)Seriousness (A) 2 Likelihood (B) 1 Risk =AxB 2



ActionPlan

Action By whom By when Date

completed/signature

e) DSE self assessments to be carried out to identify if any further work is required f) Document review to take place

Office staff

Deputy Head teacher

10 May 08

End of June 2008

Line Manager’s sign off

I agree with the risk assessment recorded above. There are no outstanding actions OR I have taken the following actions: (delete as necessary). Arranged for TLT H&S Officer to attend to assist DSE assessment. Tasked the Deputy Head teacher to review storage and archive of documentation. Signed: Gill Peters Position: Head teacher Date: 6 May 2008

Risk calculator

Seriousness ( A ) Rating Likelihood ( B ) Rating

Fatality 5 Very likely 5

Major injury to several people 4 Likely 4

Major injury 3 Possible 3

Minor injury 2 Unlikely 2

Trivial injury 1 Very unlikely 1

Risk = Seriousness (A) x Likelihood (B)

Score Risk Action required

1 to 3 4 to 8 9 to 12 13 to 25

Minimal Low Medium High

Control measures should be kept under review Control measures should be fine tuned to reduce risk further if possible Control measures should be improved within 2 weeks, consider an alternative lower risk activity Activity NOT to proceed until risks addressed. Seek immediate advice from LBH Head of Health and Safety (Education)



Hazards, risks and control measures Playgrounds

Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Litter, glass Cuts,

possible infection

Pupils Daily inspection of playground Litter picking carried out as required

Used needles

HIV, Hep B etc.

Pupils Staff

Daily Inspection of playground Safe litter-picking procedures involving use of

personal protective clothing – only carried out by PM

Safe disposal of material collected Animal faeces

Infection Pupils primarily

Prevent dog walking on site so far as is reasonably practicable

Signage prohibiting dog walking on site Safe clearing procedures involving use of personal

protective clothing only carried out by PM Safe disposal of collected waste

Poisonous or thorny plants

Poisoning, skin irritation, scratches

Pupils primarily

Consideration of safety when selecting plants with reference to position of planting and age of children on site etc.

Inspection of areas for unsuitable plants and weeds

Grounds maintenance procedures Hard surfaces

Falling Scratches, bruises, cuts, etc

Pupils primarily

Consideration of surface type with respect to age of children and use of play area

Suitable play surfaces installed around play equipment in accordance with British Standards

Daily inspection of playground Defective ground surface

Trips, bruises, cuts, etc.

Pupils primarily

Regular inspection of area Reporting procedure for any defects Making good of surface damage or covering with,

for example, planters, benches, etc Prompt remedial action

Trespassers, uninvited members of the public

Abduction, assault, harassment

Pupils Staff Cleaners

Signage regarding trespassing Well maintained, unbreached fencing (no holes or

damage), regularly inspected Adequate supervision when children are at play

Playground equipment

Personal injury, falls, cuts, fractures

Pupils primarily

Inspection of sports/play equipment prior to use Annual inspection by a competent person at least

annually Regular maintenance of equipment Security to prevent vandalism of equipment Adequate supervision of pupils



Corridors Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring

Slips, trips, falls

Pupils Staff Visitors Cleaners Contractors

Regular inspection of flooring by Premises Manager

Prompt maintenance of defects discovered

Items stored in corridor

Trips, falls, obstruction to fire escape route, fire spread

ditto Good housekeeping procedures Regular inspection Ensure bags and coats are not blocking

corridors Identify designated storage areas elsewhere

in the building Removal where surplus to requirement Items not to be stored on top of cupboards

due to: o increase in ability of a fire to spread o likelihood of boxes falling from

cupboard onto individual below Spilt liquids Wet floors on rainy days

Slips, falls ditto Reporting procedure for identified spillages with prompt action to clean up

Safe procedures for cleaning up including Universal Precautions for body fluids and referral to Safety Data Sheet for hazardous chemicals

Trailing cables etc.

Trips, falls ditto Avoid use of extension leads Ensure sufficient sockets Use of cable covers where cables are a

semi-permanent fix and present a trip hazard

Cleaners to ensure closest socket outlet to be used when using electrical appliances

Defective fire doors

Compromised escape route

ditto Fire doors to be fitted with self closure device Fire doors not to be propped open unless by

magnetic holder with release linked to fire detection system

Regular maintenance check to ensure minimal gap between leaves etc

Hot radiators/heaters

Burns ditto Low surface temperature radiators where young or special needs children are present

Radiator covers where this isn’t practicable Open or broken windows

Falls, cuts, impact injury

ditto Opening limiters fitted to windows above ground floor

Risk assessment for glazing in doors and door panels considering location and height

.



Car parks

Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Impact with vehicle, building or pedestrian

Death or major injury to pedestrian, damage to building or other vehicle

Staff Pupils Visitors

Separate pedestrian and vehicle routes with physical segregation such as barriers

Designated crossing points located at safe places with appropriate signs and markings

Adequate lighting of routes Pedestrian doors opening onto vehicular routes to

have barrier to protect persons exiting Limit number of cars on site Ensure clear marking of parking bays/slots

Reversing vehicles

Death or major injury to pedestrian, Damage or building or other vehicle


Minimise vehicles allowed onto site, particularly during start and end of day

Use one-way system for vehicles where possible Physical protection around vulnerable areas of

buildings e.g. Bollards or barriers Adequate lighting of car parks Keep pupils clear of car parks

Speeding vehicles

Death or major injury to pedestrian, traffic accident, damage to building or other vehicle


Speed limit on site with clear signs and markings displayed

Communication of speed limit to staff and visitors Separate pedestrian and vehicle routes with physical

segregation

Use of car parks/parking areas for contractors

Death or major injury to pedestrian, traffic accident, damage to building or other vehicle


Ensure adequate segregation between vehicles and pedestrians

Ensure pedestrian use of area is covered in method statements

Ensure training given to staff, pupils and contractors



Kitchens

Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Storage of Hazardous Chemicals

Spillage of hazardous chemicals Misuse of chemicals.

Staff COSHH assessment undertaken for chemicals Cleaning compounds stored in lockable store

away from any food source Cleaning undertaken when catering is not in

progress Use of Hazardous Chemicals

Dermatitis to hands. Chemical burn to skin/eyes. Inhalation of toxic fumes

Cleaner Kitchen staff

COSHH assessment undertaken for chemicals Use restricted to competent staff Suitable personal protective Equipment used

e.g. gloves, goggles, non-permeable apron, etc.

Staff receive training in COSHH assessment

Hot surfaces/liquids

Fat burns to hands and arms Steam scalds

Kitchen staff Avoid carrying hot liquids and materials if there is a risk of spillage

Ensure gloves are used when handling hot pans

Implement safe system of work for the cleaning and draining of fat fryers, combo ovens, etc.

Ensure staff are trained in the correct use of kitchen equipment

Manual Handling

Musculo-skeletal injury

Kitchen staff Limit use of large pots and pans Undertake manual handling assessment for

kitchen Ensure staff training in manual handling

techniques Avoid lifting items that are too heavy Seek assistance from colleagues

Retrieval of items from store rooms

Falls from height

Kitchen staff Provision of step ladder Ensure staff use mechanical aids Training of staff in correct procedure Heavy items stored at waist height Frequently used items stored at most

accessible location Floor surfaces kept free from obstruction and

clean General movement around the kitchen/store rooms

Trips

Delivery staff Kitchen staff

Use of sensible non slip footwear

Slips Kitchen staff Delivery staff

Use of sensible non slip footwear Ensure spillage’s are cleared up immediately Ensure cleaning signs are used and located in

prominent places All floor surfaces kept clean and free from build

up of, for example, grease Cleaning undertaken when catering is not in



Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures progress

Electrical and Gas installation

Fire Explosion

Regular User visual inspection of gas and electrical appliances

Maintenance of gas appliances by “Gas Safe” registered engineer annually

Electrical Installation inspected by a competent electrician every 5 years

Use of electrical goods in the kitchen

Electric Shock

Kitchen staff Regular User visual inspection of electrical appliances

All electrical items are PAT tested. Avoid use of extension leads Only use specially designed electrical

equipment near water sources. Use of RCDs where practical

Use of hand tools (knives)

Cuts to fingers and hands

Kitchen staff Ensure knives are not left lying around or left in washing up water

Ensure training of staff Ensure storage of knives in suitable racks or

sheaths Use of Machinery

Entanglement in dough mixer Amputation of fingers from food slicer

Kitchen staff Prevent the use of dangerous pieces of machinery by young persons and unauthorised users

Provide appropriate training to operatives of machinery

Conduct a specific risk assessment for the use of dangerous machinery

Ensure fixed guard to food slicer is in place at all times.

Ensure loose clothing is removed prior to commencing work. And clothing is not near moving parts of machinery

Ventilation Accidents

due to dizziness and fainting

Kitchen staff Extraction canopy provided over hobs Openable windows (with appropriate fly

screens etc.) Ensure provision of cold drinks and

appropriate rest breaks for staff Maintenance of extraction equipment to

ensure adequate air changes and adequate movement of air

Penetrations to wall, ceiling or floor

Rodent infestation

Whole school

Ensure that regular inspection identifies any penetrations

Ensure immediate remedial action to make good



Dining areas Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring

Slips, trips, falls

Staff Pupils


Prompt maintenance of defects Spilt food and liquids

Slips, falls Staff Pupils

Regular cleaning of floors Prompt clearing up of spillages

General food debris after lunchtime

Slips, falls Staff Pupils Visitors

Ensure staff clear and sweep/wash the area immediately after last sitting

Obstacles Trips, falls Staff Pupils

Walkways to be kept clear of bags etc Adequate space allowed between tables for

access Defective furniture

Personal injury e.g. falls, grazes, bruises, fractures

Staff Pupils

Regular inspection routine with prompt remedial action

Staff trained

Hot foods and liquids

Scalds, burns

Staff Pupils

Trays provided Adequate supervision for age of pupils

Electrical equipment & sockets

Electrocution Staff Pupils

Portable appliance testing and regular visual inspection

Fixed Installation testing No trailing cables

Broken glass/crockery

Cuts Staff Pupils

Plastic items preferred Breakages cleared up promptly by staff Chipped or damaged items discarded safely



Classrooms Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring

Slips, trips, falls

Pupils Staff


Prompt maintenance of defects Liquid spillages Slips, falls Pupils

Staff Supervision in use of liquids in class Immediate cleaning up of spillages

Trailing electrical cables

Trips, falls Pupils Staff

Avoid use of extension leads Ensure sufficient sockets Use of cable covers where cables are a trip

hazard Electrical equipment & sockets

Electrocution Pupils Staff

Portable appliance testing and regular visual inspection

Fixed Installation testing Hot radiators or heaters

Burns Pupils primarily

Low surface temperature radiators where young or special needs children are present

Consider guarding

Open windows Falls Pupils primarily

Opening limiters fitted to windows above ground floor

Inward opening windows to be suitably guarded to prevent impact

Doors Trapped fingers

Pupils primarily

Consider installation of door guards Provide adequate supervision particularly at

busy times (start and end of sessions) Storage Trips, falls,

impact damage

Pupils Staff

Items not to be stored on top of cupboards due to:

o increase in ability of a fire to spread o likelihood of boxes falling from

cupboard onto individual below Items not to be stored in circulation routes Fire exits to be kept clear at all times

Furniture Trips, falls, possible infection

Pupils primarily

Ensure clear circulation routes to avoid possible collision with furniture

Regular maintenance checks to ensure furniture of sound construction

Ensure surfaces of desks are clean Violent and disruptive pupils

Personal injury

Pupils Staff

Ensure suitable procedure is in place for dealing with disruptive behaviour

Ensure suitable procedure is in place for physical restraint of children (last resort)

Ensure constant supervision Violent parents Personal

injury Staff primarily

Ensure effective contact with other nearby staff/ headteacher is available

Ensure staff have been suitably trained



Lunch/break time activities Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Falls from climbing apparatus

Major injury e.g. fractures

Pupils Restrict numbers on apparatus at any one time Consider segregating age groups Maintain safety surfacing below apparatus Supervision of use required at all times Apparatus not to be used when wet and

slippery Children to wear appropriate footwear

Play items (e.g. Skipping ropes, footballs etc)

Minor injury e.g. grazes, bruises, cuts

Pupils Ensure items are used only for their intended purpose e.g. in the case of a skipping rope for skipping, not to tie people up

Games to be played in appropriate location to prevent injury to those involved and others e.g. where sufficient space and suitable surfacing

Children leaving site

Injury, abduction

Pupils Maintained, unbreached fencing (no holes or gaps)

Gates closed Parental consent obtained for children who

need to go home for lunch Adequate supervision in the vicinity of any

gates Bullying Stress,

physical injury

Pupils Ensure an anti-bullying policy is in place Adult supervisors should be familiar with the

policy Training for supervisors in identification and

prevention of bullying Fighting Minor injury,

possibly major injury

Pupils Supervisors aware of school rules on appropriate behaviour

Supervisors trained in how to deal with this type of situation

Rough games ditto Pupils Prohibit inappropriate games from the school Unsupervised contact with adults

Abduction, assault, child protection issues

Pupils Points of access onto the site for visitors minimised with clearly signed routes to the reception

Avoid children playing in areas out of sight of supervisors

Steps and steep slopes

Slips, trips, falls

Pupils Staff

Areas of site identified as higher risk made “out of bounds”

Supervision levels appropriate for the layout of the site and the play areas

Games not to be played on steps Ensure theses areas are gritted in the winter

when ice and snow No running

Inadequate response to

More serious injury

Pupils Staff

Adequate numbers of supervision to account for emergency situations



Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures accidents



Halls Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring

Slips, trips, falls



Prompt maintenance of defects Under stage storage area

Injury, dust, fire

Staff Pupils

Pupils not permitted to access this area No flammable liquids or gases to be stored

under stage Raised stage area

Falls Staff Pupils

No unsupervised access by pupils onto stage Regular inspection of stage for condition and

stability Temporary “self-build” staging

Slips, trips, falls

Staff Pupils

Ensure staging is built by a competent person Ensure stability is tested prior to each use Ensure suitable steps up to the staging are

provided Ensure where a covering is used that it is

suitably secured with no loose edges etc. Use of gym equipment

Slips, trips, falls

Pupils primarily

Ensure teacher supervising activity is qualified Ensure effective supervision of pupils Ensure equipment visually inspected prior to

use Ensure regular maintenance of equipment (at

least annually) Consider specific risk assessment for each

activity Storage of gym equipment

Trips, falls Pupils Staff Visitors

Ensure suitable storage Where equipment needs to be stored within the

hall ensure properly secured to prevent overturning


Trips, falls Staff Pupils Visitors

Avoid use of extension leads



Ensure sufficient sockets Use of cable covers where cables are a trip

hazard Portable appliance testing and regular visual

inspection Fixed Installation testing

Hot radiators or heaters



Establish safe limit for maximum number of people to be allowed in the hall

Large number of people congregated

Insufficent escape, crushing


Layout of seating to allow space for escape Ensure suitable procedure for evacuatiuon

established and communicated to all staff present



Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Open windows Falls Pupils

primarily Ensure announcement regarding fire escape

routes, sounders, etc. made prior to performance


Windows opening into area to be guarded to prevent impact

Care taking duties (general) For “caretaker” read Premises Manager, Site Controller, etc

Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Responding to intruder alarm holiday periods / out of hours

Accident, injury, Assault, delayed assistance in emergency

Caretaker Carry mobile phone to call for help Before entering the grounds, notify someone

of the situation, and the intention to investigate.

Make regular calls to those notified above to update them as to the situation.

If a break-in has occurred, do not attempt to enter the premises until the police arrive

If confronted by intruder(s) before the police arrive, do not attempt to tackle or restrain them.

Restraining of intruders should be left to the police who are trained in dealing with such situations

General lifting and carrying

Back injuries, sprain, strains

Caretaker

Specific Manual handling assessment to be carried out for all tasks involving lifting or carrying and the identified control measures implemented

Training given in correct lifting techniques. Minimise manual handling Appropriate footwear worn Mechanical lifting aids available (trolleys

etc.) Improve workplace layout. Store heavy items at waist level

Cleaning using equipment

Back injuries, sprains, strains

Caretaker

Specific training given in correct procedure for use of such equipment

Manual Handling Assessment carried out for use of floor buffer etc.



Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Use of hand tools (drills, wood cutting equipment, hedge cutters, strimmers, etc.)

Cuts, amputation

Caretaker and those in the vicinity

Equipment subject to regular maintenance (PAT where appropriate)

Avoid nuisance from fumes where petrol driven devices used

Establish safe working area where debris may be released (strimming, hedge trimming, etc.)

Ensure guards fitted where required Only use equipment for the purpose

intended PPE supplied and used where appropriate Equipment visually inspected prior to use

Use of electrical equipment

Electrical shock Burns

Caretaker

Annual, regular electrical test (PAT) Ensure all connections are properly fixed. Visual inspection pre-use A residual current device should be used in

higher risk situations, e.g., equipment used outside or in wet conditions, and for equipment where there is a risk of cables being severed

Cleaning / using chemicals

Dermatitis, chemical burns to skin/eyes, inhalation of toxic fumes

Caretaker and those in the vicinity

Less hazardous chemicals used wherever possible.

Material Safety Data Sheet for substances obtained from supplier and guidance followed.

COSHH Assessment completed for all hazardous chemicals and control measures implemented.

Appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (eg. gloves, goggles etc.) provided and worn where identified in COSHH assessment.

Restrict access by others when hazardous substances in use. Activities undertaken outside of school hours where possible.

Immediate cleaning up of any spillage Repair / maintenance

Release of asbestos fibres

Caretaker Whole school

Check Site asbestos register for location of asbestos containing material.

Do not undertake any works until guidance in Asbestos Register is consulted.

If in any doubt as to the presence of asbestos seek professional assistance

Permission to work to be completed for any work on fabric of the building.



Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Lone working – locking / unlocking building

Accident, injury, Assault, delayed assistance in emergency

Caretaker Ensure there is adequate lighting If possible follow different procedure daily Building locked down as soon as possible at

end of school day. Controlled access to building e.g. through

coded doors etc. On site security system Use of visitor badges / signing in book Challenging unknown visitors where safe to

do so. Key holders should be strictly controlled and

numbers kept to a minimum. Access to phone/mobile to call for help Post incident support

Lone working - working in school alone in isolated locations

Accident, injury, delayed assistance in emergency

Caretaker Only agreed tasks to be undertaken, Avoid high risk activities (e.g. working at height);

Mobile phone carried Notify staff on site of location / estimated

duration of task if working on site remote from others.

Reduce time spent working alone so far as is reasonably practicable

Notify manager of start time and when finished

Libraries

Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring Slips, trips,

falls Staff Pupils


Prompt maintenance of defects discovered Falling objects Injury Staff

Pupils Secure bookshelves to wall where possible

or lock together Shelves not overloaded Storage to be organised with heavier items

at lower levels Reaching high shelves

Falls, strains Pupils primarily

Appropriate steps, kickstools etc. provided to reach high shelves

Store heavy items on lower levels Trailing electrical cables

Trips, falls Staff Pupils

Avoid use of extension leads Ensure sufficient sockets Cable covers



Portable appliance testing Fixed Installation testing

Radiators





Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Consider the use of guards

Windows Falls Pupils primarily


Windows opening into area to be suitably guarded to prevent impact

Staff room

Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring Personal injury Staff

Visitors Floor inspection and defect reporting

procedure with prompt remedial action Good housekeeping Objects stored safely, walkways kept clear Immediate cleaning up of spillages

Hot water Scalds, burns Staff Visitors

Kettles and boilers placed in a safe position to minimise potential for burns and scalds

Poor hygiene Illness, infection

Staff Visitors

Fridges to be regularly cleaned and defrosted

Out of date food removed Electrical equipment (kettles, boilers etc)

Electrocution Staff Visitors

Portable appliances to be electrically tested (PAT) and visually inspected prior to use

Fixed wiring to be tested

Defective furniture or equipment

Personal injury Staff Visitors

Furniture and equipment to be maintained in good condition

Reporting procedure for identified defective items with prompt removal or remedial action

Store rooms

Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Hazardous substances

Ill Health Staff Hazardous substances to be stored according to guidance in COSHH assessment and/or Material Safety Data Sheet provided by supplier

Substances to be in original container with clear labels and hazard warnings – no decanting

Store to be locked except when in use Flammable substances

Fire, explosion Staff Whole school

Flammable substances to be stored in a purpose-made, lockable fire-resisting cabinet, labelled with hazard warnings, preferably outside

Minimise amount stored and used and where stored internally only the amount for the job in hand to be stored. Bulk storage to be externally.



Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Lids to be kept on containers No smoking or other sources of ignition

permitted in areas where flammable vapours may be present

Dispose of flammable waste including contaminated cloths etc. safely

Falling objects Injury Staff Secure shelving provided Shelves not overloaded Storage to be organised with heavy objects

at lower levels Reaching high shelves

Falls, strains Staff Appropriate steps, kickstools etc. provided to reach high shelves

Store frequently used items at easily accessible locations

Store heavy items on lower levels, preferably at about waist height to reduce risk of manual handling injuries


Electrocution Staff Portable appliance testing and regular visual inspection

Fixed Installation testing

Admin office

Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring Slips, trips,

falls Staff Visitors


Prompt maintenance of defects discovered Falling objects Injury Staff

Secure cupboards to wall where possible Do not overload shelves Storage to be organised with heavier items

at lower levels Only store sufficient consumables for

immediate (next 5 days) use Reaching high shelves

Falls, strains Staff Appropriate steps, kickstools etc. provided to reach high shelves

Store heavy items on lower levels Trailing electrical cables

Trips, falls Staff Visitors

Avoid use of extension leads Ensure sufficient sockets Cable covers


Electrocution Staff

Portable appliance testing Fixed Installation testing



Use of computer terminal

RSI Staff Carry out DSE self assessment Arrange implementation of items identified in

risk assessment Ensure sufficient breaks are taken away

from the keyboard/mouse Fire egress Death Staff

Visitors Ensure fire exits are kept clear at all times Ensure staff familiar with fire exit routes Where staff have a specific role in fire

evacuation ensure that they are fully trained Security Serious injury Staff Ensure segregation between visitors and

staff by provision of, for example, a security screen

nly allow access to the office/school area once identity of visitor established

Art design and craft room

Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Paints, inks etc. Harm to health Pupils

primarily Only low hazard paints and inks used

Inhalation of dusts including pottery glazes

Harm to health Pupils Staff

If working with clay/pottery, avoidance of spillages

Spilt clay slip not allowed to dry out, ie dry dust avoided

Controlled allocation of small quantities of glaze materials and use of leadless glazes.

Sharp blades Cuts Pupils primarily

Safety blades used where possible Controlled storage and allocation of craft

knives etc Electricity

Electric shock Pupils Staff

Electrical equipment is subject to regular safety inspection and test ('PAT testing')

Residual current circuit breakers cover the workroom

Fail-safe interlock or trapped key device cuts power on opening kiln

Hot kiln Burns Pupils Staff

Kiln used only under teaching supervision Protective gloves for handling hot items If in workroom, kiln is caged

Fume inhalation (kiln)

Harm to health Pupils Staff

Kiln room has effective extract ventilation

Damaged asbestos in kiln

Asbestosis Pupils Staff

If damaged, prompt attention required by competent licensed asbestos contractors



Domestic science/cookery classroom

Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Hot surfaces liquids

Burns, scalds Pupils Staff

Adequate supervision and safe working procedures in place

Sharp equipment

Cuts Pupils primarily

Controlled storage and use of knives

Gas Fire, explosion Pupils Staff

Gas equipment is under planned maintenance

A separate fire risk assessment is done Machinery

Injury Pupils primarily

Guards fitted and interlocks fully operative on any mixers, blenders etc or restricted use

Slippery floors Slips and trips Pupils Staff

No obstacles in walkways and regular cleaning of floors

Non-slip floor surfaces Electricity


Electrical equipment is subject to regular safety inspection and test ('PAT testing)



Biology laboratory

Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Glassware Cuts Pupils

Staff Controlled storage and allocation of

glassware Supervision appropriate to level of student

ability Breakages cleaned up promptly by staff

member Electrical equipment



Gas Bunsen burners

Burns, fire Pupils primarily

Supervision appropriate to the level of student ability

Chemicals hazardous to health

Injury to health Pupils Staff

Standard laboratory procedures in place and communicated to all at risk

Fume cabinets receive 14-monthly thorough examination and test as well as periodic in-house checks

Students equipped with safety eyewear (appropriate to the type of risk: impact, dust or chemicals) and other PPE as indicated by CLEAPSS assessments

Contact with animals and waste

Bites, Asthma, Infection

Pupils Staff

Application of CLEAPSS science risk assessments and guidance for procedures/experiments

No playing with animals, no unnecessary contact, controlled and supervised handling of animals

Cleaning procedures to minimise airborne dusts, accumulation of animal waste

Micro-organisms

Infection Pupils Staff






Chemistry/physics laboratory

Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Glassware Cuts Pupils

Staff Controlled storage and allocation of

glassware Supervision appropriate to level of student

ability Breakages cleaned up promptly by staff

member Electrical equipment



Gas Bunsen burners

Burns, fire Pupils primarily

Supervision appropriate to the level of student ability

Chemicals hazardous to health

Injury to health Pupils Staff




Flammable or explosive chemicals

Fire, explosion Pupils Staff

Application of CLEAPSS science risk assessments and guidance for procedures / experiments

Flammable liquids stored in purpose-built cabinet which is normally locked and is hazard-marked.

Students equipped with safety eyewear (appropriate to the type of risk: impact, dust or chemicals) and other Personal Protective Equipment as indicated by CLEAPSS assessments


Engineering workshop

Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Rotating parts

Entanglement Pupils primarily

Stop/start controls fully operative and adjustable guards to chucks of fixed machines eg. pillar drills

Contact

Injury by moving parts

Pupils primarily

All machines have lockable isolators and are locked off and only used by authorised trained persons



Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Trailing cables

Tripping, damage to cable

Pupils Staff

Avoidance of trailing cables Preventative maintenance and periodic

electrical safety testing procedures in place Sharp swarf Cuts Pupils

Staff Hand protection Frequent cleaning and control of swarf in

containers Flying fragments

Eye injury Pupils Staff

Eye protection to be worn Screens to protect passers-by

Dust

Inhalation Pupils Staff

Dust extraction, where possible, otherwise, suitable respiratory protective equipment

Enclose work area and ventilate Grinding wheel bursting

Flying fragments

Pupils Staff

Wheels substantially enclosed by side and rim guards

Eye shields in place Only trained staff members mount wheels

Tool catching in wheel

Injury by moving parts

Pupils primarily

Tool rests adjusted close to wheels

Electricity

Electric shock Readily accessible emergency stops and other controls

Earth leakage circuit breakers for all machinery

Sharp hand tools

Cuts Pupils primarily

Tool storage controlled and tools allocated under supervision



Gymnasium

Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring Slips Trips

Falls Pupils Staff

Inspection of flooring Prompt maintenance of defects

Broken glazing Cuts Pupils Staff

Risk assessment for glazing in doors, door panels and windows, considering the location, height of glazing and type of activities carried out nearby

Impact resistant toughened glass or glazing protection provided where risk assessment indicates that it is required

Sports equipment storage area

Injury, dust, fire

Pupils Staff Visitors

Equipment safely stacked Regular inspection of area Good housekeeping, area kept clean and

tidy Misuse of sports equipment

Injury Pupils primarily

Adequate supervision by trained authorised staff

Induction for users in correct method of use Secured against unauthorised access First aid trained staff to deal with injuries

Defective sports equipment

Injury Pupils Staff

Planned inspection and maintenance routine with testing where appropriate for type of equipment

Defective items removed from area or locked away where possible or marked clearly to indicate they should not be used



ICT suite

Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Unsuitable screen or set-up

Eye strain, headaches, muscular skeletal disorders

Pupils Staff

Screen to be adjustable for height, angle, contrast, brightness etc.

Workstation layout to be in accordance with guidance in TLT Health and Safety Policies and Guidelines manual

Defective flooring Slips Trips Falls

Pupils Staff Visitors

Inspection of flooring Prompt maintenance of defects


Trips, Falls Pupils Staff Visitors

Avoid use of extension leads Ensure sufficient sockets Use of cable covers where cables are a trip

hazard Electrical equipment & sockets

Electrocution Pupils Staff

Portable appliance testing Visual inspection for computer equipment

which cannot be electrically tested Fixed Installation testing

Unsuitable seating

Muscular skeletal disorders

Pupils Staff

Ensure seating is adjustable with proper backrest where used for significant periods of time

ch02 risk assessment - hackneyservicesforschools.co.uk · walking around the work place identifying...

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