ch01 final

7/25/2019 Ch01 Final

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E. Wainright Martin

Carol V. Brown

Daniel W. DeHayesJeffrey A. Hoffer William C. Perkins

MANAGINGMANAGINGINFORMATIONINFORMATION

TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGYFIFH EDII!"

CHAPTER 1

MANAGING IT IN AN E-WORLD

7/25/2019 Ch01 Final


© 2005 Pearson Prentie-Ha!!

CHAPTER 1

M ANAGING IT IN AN E-WORLD

Information technology (IT) %

o&#'ter te"no!o() *"ar+,are an+ sot,are. or

#roessin( an+ storin( inor&ation/ as ,e!! aso&&'niations te"no!o() or trans&ittin( inor&ation

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RECENT INFORMATIONTECHNOLOGY TREND:

Har+ to #re+it tren+s +'e to rate o

"an(e in IT in+'str)Consi+er seera! mis-#re+itions ;

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This “telephone” has too many shortcomings to e serio!sly

consi"ere" as a means of comm!nication# The "e$ice is inherently

of no $al!e to !s# %Western Union internal memo, 1876

I thin& there is a 'orl" mar&et for maye fi$e comp!ters#

There is no reason anyone 'o!l" 'ant a comp!ter in their home#

*+ o!ght to e eno!gh for anyo"y#

,ell has a great !siness mo"el- !t that "og 'on.t scale#

/I0PRE,ICTI0 34 IT

I,50TR4 6EA,ER0

%Thomas Watson, chairman of IBM, 1943

3!t 'hat 7is a microchip8 goo" for9

%Engineer at the A!ance "om#$ting %&stems 'i!ision of IBM, 1968

%(en )lson, #resient, chairman, an fo$ner

of 'igital E*$i#ment "or#+, 1977

% Attri$te to Bill -ates, chairman of Microsoft, 1981

%.ohn %hoema/er, hea of %$n0s ser!er i!ision, 222

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$=>$ irst I3M PC

$==0s PCs o&&on#!ae

No, ??? Eas)-to-'se o#eratin( s)ste& ,it" (ra#"ia! interae

We1 1ro,ser rea+)

Point-an+-!i7 te"no!o()

P!a)s &'si an+ i+eos

Note1oo7 ersions o&&on or 1'siness trae!

Computer Hardware: Faster, Smaller, Cheaper


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Maorit) o &iroo&#'ters Mirosot Win+o,s % o#eratin( s)ste& sot,are

Mirosot Oie :'ite % #ro+'tiit) sot,areWor+ #roessin(

:#rea+s"eet

Data1ase

PresentationE-&ai!

We1 1ro,ser

Computer Software: Standardized and Integrated


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Wi+e!) a+o#te+ 1) &an'at'rin( an+ serie ir&s o a!!

si8es

Oten tai!ore+ to s#eii in+'stries

Inte(rate +ata aross tra+itiona! an+ We1-1ase+ "anne!s

or interna! 'se/ 'sto&ers/ an+ s'##!iers

Computer Software: Standardized and Integrated

Enterprise system pac&ages %

sot,are #a7a(es ,it" inte(rate+ &o+'!es t"at #ass

o&&on 1'siness transations aross (ro'#s/ +iisions/an+ nationa! 1o'n+aries in Brea! ti&e


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$==0s :tan+ar+s or 1ro,ser a##!iations an+ Internet o&&'niations

*TCPIP. Fi1er-o#ti !ines 'se+ 1) &ore te!eo&&'niations #roi+ers

Hi("-s#ee+ aess *"i("-1an+,i+t" !ines. aai!a1!e 1ot" to1'sinesses an+ "o&e o,ners

2000 Co&&on#!ae or o&#an) net,or7s !in7e+ to t"e Internet

200

Ho&e o,ners 'sin( &o+e&s to onnet to a1!e !ines or +i(ita!s'1sri1er !ines *D:L. ia te!e#"one !ines

To+a) More o&#anies inestin( in ,ire!ess te"no!o()

Computer Networks: High Bandwidth, Global, and ireless


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Consi+er

3) 2000/ &ore t"an "a! o ?:? 1'siness a#ita!

e4#en+it'res ,ere or IT To+a)/ IT an not on!) ena1!e/ 1't an a!so "e!#

sha#e 1'siness strate(ies


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T"ree ,a)s to o&#ete *Porter/ $=>0.

Cost % 1) 1ein( a !o,-ost #ro+'er o a (oo+ orserie

Differentiation % 1) oerin( #ro+'ts or series

'sto&ers #reer +'e to s'#eriorit) ,it"

innoatieness/ i&a(e/ 'a!it)/ or 'sto&er serie Focus % o&#etin( on ost or +ierentiation ,it"in a

s#eii &ar7et ni"e

!raditional a"s to Compete


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IT an "e!# ,it" ost Eam#les

A'to&atin( transation ti&e:"ortenin( or+er )!e ti&e

Proi+in( o#erationa! inor&ation or +eision &a7in(

IT an "e!# ,it" +ierentiation

Eam#lesGiin( sa!es #ersonne! inor&ation to 1etter sere 'sto&ers

Proi+in( 'st-in-ti&e s'##!ies or 'sto&ers

Creatin( ne, inor&ation-1ase+ #ro+'ts

!raditional a"s to Compete


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sin( t"e Internet

Eam#les

Entire trae! in+'str) restr't're+ 1ea'se oo&#etition ia t"e Internet

Wa!-Mart/ De!!/ an+ Lan+s6 En+ !eera(e Internet

to o&#ete

5es$lts a"iee a++itiona! ost sain(s/ &ass'sto&i8e #ro+'ts/ an+ rea" een &ore

'sto&ers

New a"s to Compete


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WORING IN AN E-WORLD

3'siness inests &ore in IT s'##ort or to+a)6s7no,!e+(e ,or7ers

IT inrastr't're no, &'st s'##ort ,or7ers

an)ti&e an+ an),"ere :a!es ore #ersonne! are no, telecommuters

Telecomm!ters %

One ,"o ,or7s ro& a !oation o'tsi+e t"e ir&6s re('!ar

oies an+ Bo&&'tes ia te!eo&&'niations !ines in

or+er to +o "is or "er ,or7

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E-&ai!

Do'&ent s"arin(

:ot,are to s'##ort o!!a1oratie tea&,or7

i+eoonerenin(

#ore $rodu%ti&e !eams


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irt'a! Or(ani8ations Te&#orar) a!!ianes 1et,een or(ani8ations an+

in+ii+'a!s Contrats oten (ain sare e4#ertise or "ea#er

!a1or osts

:o&e &i("t "ae no rea! oie e&#!o)ees an 1e

!oate+ an),"ere

'irtual (rganizations and Free )gents


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Free A(ents Are te!eo&&'ters ,"o +o 7no,!e+(e ,or7 ,it"o't

1ein( at a s#eii !oation Hae s#eia!i8e+ s7i!!s an+ IT !in7a(es to ,or7 as

in+e#en+ent ontrators

Oten #ost res'&es an+ se!! s7i!!s (!o1a!!)

'irtual (rganizations and Free )gents


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LIING IN AN E-WORLD

A+anta(es Fast/ onenient o&&'niation ,it" e!! #"ones

ast a&o'nts o Bree inor&ation ia t"e Internet

Disa+anta(es Loss o in+ii+'a! #ria)

'!nera1i!it) to o&#'ter ri&es

:oia! ine'a!ities +'e to !a7 o aess to o&#'ters

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THE I: M ANAGEMENT ROLE IN

ORGANIJATION:

Information systems (I0) organi<ation %

+e#art&ent or 'nit t"at "as #ri&ar) res#onsi1i!it) or

&ana(in( IT % "ar+,are/ sot,are/ net,or7s/ an+ I:

#roessiona!s

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Acco!nting Era

3a7-oie o&#'tera'to&ation 1e(an ,it"ao'ntin(

1=;*s to mi"%1=*s

I: #roessiona!s ,ere#ri&ar) +eision &a7ers1't re#orte+ into anao'ntin( 'ntion

Transation #roessin(a'to&ate+ ,it" 'se oo&#'ters or sin(!e'ntions

transactions ereaggregate an then #rocesse in a single r$nor atch : magneticta#e storage;

>ig!re 1#1 >i$e I0 /anagement Eras


ORGANIJATION:

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perational Era

Co&#'ter a'to&atione4#an+e+ to ot"er'ntions

3egan mi"%1=*s

3'siness &ana(ers1ea&e &ore ino!e+ ins)ste&s +eision &a7in(

as a##lications

s$##orte more $sinessf$nctions;

On!ine s)ste&s ,ereintro+'e+ ortransation #roessin(

mae #ossile & irect

access storage e!ices$sing magnetic is/s;



ORGANIJATION:

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Information Era

IT inest&ents to s'##ortt"e 7no,!e+(e ,or7er

6ate 1=?*s @ mi" 1=*s

En+ 'sers 1ea&e +iret'sers o o&#'tera##!iations 'sin( 'ser-rien+!) &ainra&e an+&iroo&#'ter too!s

Deision s'##orts)ste&s t"at o'!+Binterat ,it" 'sers ,ereintro+'e+

mae #ossile &softare tools e!elo#efor irect en<$sercom#$ting;



ORGANIJATION:

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et'or& Era

IT inest&ents ininterenter#rise s)ste&s

3egan mi"%1=*s

3'siness &ana(ers1e(an to ta7e &ore o anBo,ners"i# ro!e in ITinest&ents

Co&#'ter net,or7in(ena1!e+ a##!iations ,it"1'siness #artners

c$stom<e!elo#e inter<

organi=ationala##lications;



ORGANIJATION:

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Internet Era

IT inest&ents to s'##ortne, 7in+s o e-1'siness

3egan mi"%1==*s 'ithBe ro'ser

To# &ana(e&ent "asta7en a !ea+ers"i# ro!e inIT +eision &a7in( toens're t"at ITinest&ents arestrate(ia!!) a!i(ne+ ,it"t"e 1'siness

T"e Internet an+ We1-1ase+ a##!iations#roi+e a (!o1a! rea" to'sto&ers an+ 1'siness#artners

enale & a stanarcomm$nication #rotocolan stanar Weroser;



ORGANIJATION:

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© 2005 Pearson Prentie-Ha!! >ig!re 1#2 Three IT Assets

#anaging the I! )ssets


ORGANIJATION:

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© 2005 Pearson Prentie-Ha!! >ig!re 1#: Enterprise IT Architect!re *3ase+ on Wei! an+ 3roa+1ent/ $==>.

#anaging the I! )ssets

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ORGANIJATION:$eople *oles

I: Lea+ers

Ot"er I: Mana(ers

I: Proessiona!s

3'siness Mana(ers

En+ sers

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I: Lea+ers

Chief Information fficer (CI) %

a ir&6s "i("-!ee! (enera! IT asset &ana(er ,it" 1ot"te"no!o() an+ 1'siness !ea+ers"i# e4#eriene ,"o/

to(et"er ,it" t"e e4e'tie &ana(e&ent tea&/ #!ans or

inte(ration o IT or strate(i a+anta(e

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Ot"er I: Mana(ers ; acco$ntale for Data enters

Net,or7 o#erations Ne, a##!iations +ee!o#&ent

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I: Proessiona!s ; incl$e Pro(ra&&ers

:ot,are en(ineers :)ste&s ana!)sts

Data1ase +ee!o#ers

We1 +ee!o#ers

LAN a+&inistrators

Te"nia! s'##ort s#eia!ists

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3'siness Mana(ers ; Are interna! 'sto&ers o t"e IT or(ani8ation

Nee+ to 1e IT-sa) Ma) oint!) !ea+ strate(i IT #roets

Proi+e ot"er IT-re!ate+ ro!es:ere on o&&ittees to #rioriti8e an+ a##roe IT re'ests

At as s#onsor or Bo,ner o an IT #roet:ere as #roess or 'ntiona! e4#ert on #roet tea&

Partii#ate in #!annin( an+ e4e'tion o IT i&#!e&entation

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© 2005 Pearson Prentie Ha!!



En+ sers ; Proi+e 1'siness e4#ertise to #roet tea&s

Partii#ate in re+esi(n o 1'siness #roesses Gie ee+1a7 to #rotot)#e sreens an+ re#orts

+'rin( s)ste& +ee!o#&ent

He!# (at"er 'sto&er in#'t ,"en t"e) are +iret!)

aete+ 1) IT #roet

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