CH 8

Solubility Rules & Net Ionic Equations

Chemical Reactions Many chemical reactions take place in solution.This means that the ionic compounds are

dissolved in water.Many ionic compounds dissolve readily in water

and form aqueous solutions. They are considered soluble.

This is represented in a chemical reaction by placing (aq) after the formula for the salt.

NaCl (aq) + AgNO3(aq) NaNO3 (aq) + AgCl(s)

What is solubility?When a compound is soluble in water it will

disassociate.When a compound disassociates, it breaks

into its respective ions

NaCl(s) Na+(aq) + Cl-

(aq)

http://youtu.be/gN9euz9jzwc

H2O

What is Solubility?When a compound is insoluble in water, it

remains a solid and does not disassociate.

AgCl(s) NRH2O

Precipitate Reactions

NaCl (aq) + AgNO3(aq) NaNO3 (aq) + AgCl(s)

Silver Chloride is the insoluble salt or precipitate formed in this

reaction.

Precipitate ReactionsAgain, when two solutions are mixed and the

result is an insoluble salt, a precipitate is formed.

http://youtu.be/SuoN0hQPeMw

http://youtu.be/DITY2rXYU-I

http://youtu.be/pFovlKpPCbI

Solubility RulesWe can predict if a solid will form as the

result of a chemical reaction by using solubility rules.

REMEMBER: Formation of a solid is one of the driving forces that indicates if a chemical reaction will take. place

Solubility RulesALL nitrate, acetate and chlorate salts are

soluble in water.ALL alkali metal and ammonium salts are

soluble in water.Most chloride, bromide and iodide salts are

soluble in water. EXCEPTIONS: Salts of Ag+, Pb+2/+4 Hg+2

Most sulfate salts are soluble in water. EXCEPTIONS: Salts of Ba+2, Ca+2, Pb+2/+4, Ag+, Hg+2, Sr+2

Solubility Rules

Most hydroxide salts are insoluble in water. EXCEPTIONS: Rule #2 and salts of Ca+2, Ba+2, Sr+2

Sulfide salts are insoluble in water. EXCEPTIONS: Rule #2 and Group 2 metals.

Chromate, carbonate, phosphate, oxygen, cyanide and thiocyanate salts are insoluble in water. EXCEPTION: Rule #2