Ch. 5, Sec. 1Ch. 5, Sec. 1Taxation w/o RepresentationTaxation w/o Representation

Objectives:Objectives:1.1. Know why the British faced problems in Know why the British faced problems in

North America after the French and Indian North America after the French and Indian War.War.

2.2. Know why the American colonists Know why the American colonists objected to new British laws.objected to new British laws.

Vocabulary:Vocabulary:RevenueRevenue writs of assistancewrits of assistanceResolutionResolution effigyeffigyBoycottBoycott nonimportationnonimportationrepealrepeal

Relations w/BritainRelations w/Britain After F & I War, Britain controlled vast territory After F & I War, Britain controlled vast territory

in N. America.in N. America. A feeling of distrust grew between colonists and A feeling of distrust grew between colonists and

________ for 3 main reasons:________ for 3 main reasons:1.1. British soldiers stationed on frontier and in colonies.British soldiers stationed on frontier and in colonies.

British officials wanted to control lucrative fur trade—this British officials wanted to control lucrative fur trade—this was a way to protect their interests in America.was a way to protect their interests in America.

2.2. ______________________.______________________. Colonists saw this as limit on their freedom. Troops Colonists saw this as limit on their freedom. Troops

would interfere w/their liberties.would interfere w/their liberties.

3.3. Passing of trade laws and the ________ Act.Passing of trade laws and the ________ Act. F & I War left Britain w/large debt!!!F & I War left Britain w/large debt!!!

King & Parliament felt it was fair to have ________ pay part King & Parliament felt it was fair to have ________ pay part of the cost.of the cost.

Began plans to tax them (this set off a chain of events Began plans to tax them (this set off a chain of events that outraged colonists and British authorities).that outraged colonists and British authorities).

Britain’s Trade LawsBritain’s Trade Laws

1763—George ________ became prime minister 1763—George ________ became prime minister of Britain.of Britain.

Determined to reduce debt, he began to watch trade Determined to reduce debt, he began to watch trade closely to catch smugglers. closely to catch smugglers.

He knew juries often found smugglers innocent.He knew juries often found smugglers innocent.

1767—convinced Parliament to authorize 1767—convinced Parliament to authorize writs of assistancewrits of assistance..

Writs of assistance--______________________Writs of assistance--______________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________.________________________________________. Allowed custom officials to search homes & Allowed custom officials to search homes &

warehouses for smuggled goods.warehouses for smuggled goods. Colonists were outraged by this intrusion w/o warning.Colonists were outraged by this intrusion w/o warning.

Sugar ActSugar Act

1764—Parliament passed ______ Act to stop 1764—Parliament passed ______ Act to stop molasses smuggling between colonies & French molasses smuggling between colonies & French West Indies.West Indies.

1.1. Act lowered tax on imported molasses.Act lowered tax on imported molasses.

2.2. British hoped by lowering tax, colonists would be British hoped by lowering tax, colonists would be encouraged to pay duty on foreign molasses (when encouraged to pay duty on foreign molasses (when Britain collected taxes, its revenues would increase).Britain collected taxes, its revenues would increase).

3.3. No right to ______ by jury. Let officers seize goods from No right to ______ by jury. Let officers seize goods from smugglers w/o going to court. Had vice-admiralty courts smugglers w/o going to court. Had vice-admiralty courts where only a judge presided where only a judge presided w/no juryw/no jury!!!!!!

Believed rights as __________ were being Believed rights as __________ were being violated! violated!

The Stamp ActThe Stamp Act 1765—Parliament passed law taxing 1765—Parliament passed law taxing

almost all printed material in colonies:almost all printed material in colonies:1.1. ______________________________

2.2. PamphletsPamphlets

3.3. WillsWills

4.4. Playing cardsPlaying cards

British officials placed stamp on printed British officials placed stamp on printed items.items.

Colonists felt need for action b/c of 2 Colonists felt need for action b/c of 2 reasons:reasons:

1.1. Parliament taxed colonists directly.Parliament taxed colonists directly.

2.2. Passed the act w/o their ________.Passed the act w/o their ________.

Protesting the Stamp ActProtesting the Stamp Act Patrick HenryPatrick Henry convinced VA House of Burgesses convinced VA House of Burgesses

to pass resolution declaring they had the: to pass resolution declaring they had the: ““. . . sole exclusive right and power to lay taxes”. . . sole exclusive right and power to lay taxes” on on

its citizens.its citizens.

Samuel AdamsSamuel Adams started organization called started organization called Sons Sons of ______of ______ in Boston. in Boston.• Took to streets to protest Act.Took to streets to protest Act.

• Burned effigies—rag figures—Burned effigies—rag figures—

to represent unpopular tax to represent unpopular tax

collectors.collectors.

• Raided & destroyed houses Raided & destroyed houses

belonging to royal officials.belonging to royal officials.

• Marched through streets Marched through streets

shouting only Americansshouting only Americans

had right to taxhad right to tax

___________________.___________________. Tarring and feathering of British excise man.

“Sons of Liberty” Flag.

Tax collector being tarred and feathered in 1774.

Example of a revenue stamp used during the Stamp Act.

Protesting the Stamp ActProtesting the Stamp Act People refused to use stamps.People refused to use stamps.

• They began to ________ British and European goods.They began to ________ British and European goods.• BoycottBoycott—refuse to buy.—refuse to buy.

• Many merchants, artisans, & farmers signed ___________ Many merchants, artisans, & farmers signed ___________ agreements.agreements.

• NonimportationNonimportation—pledged not to buy or use goods imported —pledged not to buy or use goods imported from Britain.from Britain.

• British merchants lost a lot of business!!!British merchants lost a lot of business!!!• Begged Parliament to __________ the Stamp Act.Begged Parliament to __________ the Stamp Act.• RepealRepeal--________________________________.--________________________________.

March 1766—Parliament repealed Stamp Act b/c of March 1766—Parliament repealed Stamp Act b/c of a petition from the Stamp Act Congress.a petition from the Stamp Act Congress.

• Congress said only they had the right to tax the colonies.Congress said only they had the right to tax the colonies.

March 1766—Parliament passed __________ Act.March 1766—Parliament passed __________ Act.• Stated that Parliament had right to tax and make decisions for Stated that Parliament had right to tax and make decisions for

British colonies British colonies “in all cases”.“in all cases”.

New TaxesNew Taxes 1767—Parliament passed __________ Acts.1767—Parliament passed __________ Acts.

Taxed all imported goods at port of entry.Taxed all imported goods at port of entry. Items included: glass, tea, paper, and lead.Items included: glass, tea, paper, and lead. These were items colonists didn’t produce and needed to These were items colonists didn’t produce and needed to

import.import.

Colonists outraged at any taxes by Colonists outraged at any taxes by Parliament!!!Parliament!!!

Decided to try another boycott.Decided to try another boycott. (only their (only their representatives had the right to tax them)representatives had the right to tax them)

Women took active role in protest. Women took active role in protest. Called themselves the ________ of Liberty.Called themselves the ________ of Liberty.

Urged Americans to wear homemade fabrics and produce other Urged Americans to wear homemade fabrics and produce other goods so as to not buy British products.goods so as to not buy British products.