ch 13 carboxylic acids, esters, amines and amides
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Ch 13 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines and Amides. SWBAT: Name/Draw compounds with functional groups Describe/Explain properties of functional groups Complete/Show reactions of functional groups. Chapter 13.1 Carboxylic Acids. Carboxylic Acids. Functional Group: Carboxyl Group - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Ch 13 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines and Amides
SWBAT:Name/Draw compounds with functional groupsDescribe/Explain properties of functional groupsComplete/Show reactions of functional groups
Chapter 13.1Carboxylic Acids
Carboxylic Acids• Functional Group: Carboxyl Group
– Carbonyl and Hydroxyl at the same carbon• Condensed writing: COOH• Carboxyl Carbon is C #1• Alkyl prefix….end in -oic acid
methanoic acid methylpropanoic acid 3-methylpentanoic acid
Benzoic Acid• Carboxyl on a benzene• Carboxyl is attached to C #1• List all substituents by alpha • Number either cw or ccw in
order to get lowest numbers!
4-bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid
Naming Practice
• Parent alkane has to include carboxylic acid
Drawing Practice
Draw:2-methyl-3-phenyl-pentanoic acid
4-iodo-2-isopropyl-benzoic acid
Common Names
Fatty Acids • Very long carboxylic acids
• Which one has a higher boiling pt? Why?• Which one is a solid (fat) which a liquid (oil) at RT
Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHA)• Hydroxyl groups on the α Carbon: Carbon # 2
• Natural occurring acids in sour milk and fruits• Part of many skin care products to exfoliate and
smooth skin
HomeworkChapter 13
Page 430 13.6 and 13.8
Chapter 13.2Properties of Carboxylic Acids
Acid Behavior
• Acids are Hydrogen (H+) Donors• Carboxylic Acids dissociate in water and lower
the pH aq
COOH + H2O → COO- + H3O+
carboxylate ion & hydronium ion
Boiling Point
• Carboxylic Acids have the highest boiling point of organic molecules
• More partial charges (4) than alcohols (3)
Solubility
• Carboxylic Acids dissolve very well in water• Form H-bonds with water molecules• But the longer the C-chain, the less soluble!
Solubility
Chapter 13.2 continuedReactions of carboxylic acids
Dissociation Rx
• When carboxylic acids dissociate they form a carboxylate ion
Example:HCOOH → HCOO- + H+
Methanoic Acid Methanoate Ion
Neutralization Rx
• Carboxylate anions can react with metal cations to form carboxylic acid salts:
COOH + NaOH → COO-Na+ + H2O Sodium methanoate
Name the following:
Pentanoate IonPotassium ethanoate or Potassium acetate
HomeworkChapter 13
Page 434 13.10 – 13.16