ch 11 sec 4. british east india company arrives in the 1600s india’s ruling dynasty kept traders...
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British Imperialism in India
Ch 11 Sec 4
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British East India Company arrives in the 1600s
India’s ruling dynasty kept traders under control◦Mughal Empire losing power by 1707
◦Empire splits into dozens of statesEast India Company dominant force until 1858
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East India Company dominates◦Rule India w/little interference from Britain
Had own army◦Led by British officers◦Staffed by Sepoys Indian soldiers
British Expand Control Over India
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British cherish India for potential more than profit◦Major supplier of raw materials◦Largest potential market for goods 300 million
Most valuable of all colonies◦Crown Jewel
Britain’s “Jewel in the Crown”
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British Restrictions for India◦Had to produce raw materials for British manufacturing
◦Had to buy British goods◦Indian competition w/British goods prohibited
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RR network made India more valuable◦Transport of goods from interior to coast◦Agricultural products Tea, indigo, coffee, cotton, jute, opium
Goods more valuable because of wars◦Crimean cut off jute supply from Russia◦US Civil War and cotton
British Transport Trade Goods
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Negatives◦British held a lot of political and
economic power◦Restricted Indian-owned industries◦Cash crops cause loss of self-sufficiency Reduced food production causes
famines◦Missionaries and racists threaten
traditional life
Impact of Colonialism
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Positives◦3rd largest RR network◦Development of modern economy◦Unity ◦Dams, roads, telephone and telegraph
lines◦Sanitation and public health improve◦Schools and colleges founded◦Less bandits and local warfare
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1850 – British control most of India◦Pockets of discontent◦Indians believed British trying to convert them
◦Indians resent racism of British
The Sepoy Mutiny
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1857 gossip launches rebellion◦Sepoy bullets greased with beef and pork fat Hindus consider cows sacred Muslims do not eat pork
◦Sepoy refuse to use bullets Thrown in jail
Indians Rebel
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May 10, 1857 rebellion begins◦March to Delhi Joined by sepoy soldiers there
◦Rebellion spreads to northern and central India
◦Lasts one year
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Indians had trouble uniting◦Weak leadership◦Serious splits between Hindus and
Muslims Hindus didn’t want Mughal Empire
restored◦Sikhs remained loyal to British
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1858 – British government takes control◦Raj – British rule of India◦Cabinet minister in London directs policy
British governor-general carries out orders◦British reward loyal princes
Honor trade agreements Mutiny fuels racist beliefs Distrust increases between British and
Indians
A Turning Point