ch. 11 - intelligence. what is intelligence? varies by culture western cultures focus on cognitive...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Ch. 11 - Intelligence. What is intelligence? Varies by culture Western cultures focus on cognitive tasks](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf831a28abf838c86a0d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ch. 11 - Intelligence
![Page 2: Ch. 11 - Intelligence. What is intelligence? Varies by culture Western cultures focus on cognitive tasks](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf831a28abf838c86a0d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is intelligence?
Varies by culture Western cultures focus on cognitive tasks
![Page 3: Ch. 11 - Intelligence. What is intelligence? Varies by culture Western cultures focus on cognitive tasks](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf831a28abf838c86a0d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Is “IQ” nature or nurture?
IQ and genetic effects
![Page 4: Ch. 11 - Intelligence. What is intelligence? Varies by culture Western cultures focus on cognitive tasks](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf831a28abf838c86a0d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Is “IQ” nature or nurture?
IQ and birth parents
![Page 5: Ch. 11 - Intelligence. What is intelligence? Varies by culture Western cultures focus on cognitive tasks](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf831a28abf838c86a0d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
One general ability or several specific abilities? Factor analysis
Used to determine if intelligence is one or a cluster of traits
Clusters: verbal, mathematical, spatial, reasoning abilities
General intelligence “G” factor A general capacity that underlies all specific mental
abilities
![Page 6: Ch. 11 - Intelligence. What is intelligence? Varies by culture Western cultures focus on cognitive tasks](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf831a28abf838c86a0d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Savant Syndrome
Incredible ability in one area Numbers, drawing, music, memory
![Page 7: Ch. 11 - Intelligence. What is intelligence? Varies by culture Western cultures focus on cognitive tasks](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf831a28abf838c86a0d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Emotional intelligence
Ability to express, understand, and process emotions
Being very empathic
![Page 8: Ch. 11 - Intelligence. What is intelligence? Varies by culture Western cultures focus on cognitive tasks](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf831a28abf838c86a0d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Beginnings of intelligence testing
Originally designed to measure cognitive aptitude Alfred Benet
Predicted school achievement with mental age Eg. A 9 year old child has a mental age of 9
Lewis Terman (From Stanford University) Created the American revision of Binet’s original
intelligence test Developed the “Stanford-Binet” IQ test
![Page 9: Ch. 11 - Intelligence. What is intelligence? Varies by culture Western cultures focus on cognitive tasks](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf831a28abf838c86a0d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Intelligence Quotent (IQ)
Mental age divided by chronological age X 100 E.g. 15 divided by 15 X 100 = 100 10 divided by 8 X 100 = 125 Worked well for children but not adults Today’s IQ tests compare the person’s
performance to others of his own age (100 is average)
![Page 10: Ch. 11 - Intelligence. What is intelligence? Varies by culture Western cultures focus on cognitive tasks](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf831a28abf838c86a0d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Measuring intelligence
Aptitude tests - Predicting ability A test of your capacity to learn College entrance exams ( SAT & GRE exams)
Achievement tests - Measure what has been learned Calculus test
Specific intelligence tests WAIS
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale WISC
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
![Page 11: Ch. 11 - Intelligence. What is intelligence? Varies by culture Western cultures focus on cognitive tasks](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf831a28abf838c86a0d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Creating tests
Standardization Validity Reliability
![Page 12: Ch. 11 - Intelligence. What is intelligence? Varies by culture Western cultures focus on cognitive tasks](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf831a28abf838c86a0d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Standardization
Scores relative to a pretested group
Based on a normal curve The Bell shaped
curve
Ave. a score of intelligence test = 100
![Page 13: Ch. 11 - Intelligence. What is intelligence? Varies by culture Western cultures focus on cognitive tasks](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf831a28abf838c86a0d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Validity
Measuring what it is supposed to measure Content validity
College exams Driver’s license exam
Criterion validity Test compared to criterion group
(e.g. depressed patients) Predictive Validity
SAT & GRE exams
![Page 14: Ch. 11 - Intelligence. What is intelligence? Varies by culture Western cultures focus on cognitive tasks](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf831a28abf838c86a0d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Reliability
Consistent results Internal consistency
Odd v.s. even questions