ch. 10-2: social and economic reform jacob riis- wrote “how the other half lives” looked at...
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Ch. 10-2: Social and Economic Ch. 10-2: Social and Economic ReformReform
Jacob Riis- wrote “How the Jacob Riis- wrote “How the Other Half Lives”Other Half Lives”
Looked at how poor Looked at how poor immigrants lived their livesimmigrants lived their lives
Settlement House- place Settlement House- place where poor immigrants went where poor immigrants went for helpfor help
Jane AddamsJane Addams
Hull House- settlement house Hull House- settlement house in Chicago for poor immigrantsin Chicago for poor immigrants
Offered classes in English, art, Offered classes in English, art, and basic living skillsand basic living skills
Jane AddamsJane Addams
Suffrage MovementSuffrage Movement
Suffrage Movement wanted to Suffrage Movement wanted to give women the right to votegive women the right to vote
Led by Susan B. Anthony and Led by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady StantonElizabeth Cady Stanton
Western states 1Western states 1stst to give to give women the right to votewomen the right to vote
ViewpointsViewpoints
Many felt the women’s place Many felt the women’s place was in the home not D.C.was in the home not D.C.
1920- 191920- 19thth Amend. Women get Amend. Women get the right to votethe right to vote
Margaret Sanger- pushed for Margaret Sanger- pushed for birth controlbirth control
NAACPNAACP
Goal was to protect the rights Goal was to protect the rights of African Americansof African Americans
Wanted to eliminate Jim Crow Wanted to eliminate Jim Crow LawsLaws
Marcus Garvey- leader of the Marcus Garvey- leader of the “Back to Africa” movement“Back to Africa” movement
Marcus GarveyMarcus Garvey
Temperance/ProhibitionTemperance/Prohibition
Many felt crime, poverty and Many felt crime, poverty and murder were a cause of murder were a cause of alcoholalcohol
Temperance Movement- urged Temperance Movement- urged people to abolish the sale and people to abolish the sale and drinking of alcoholdrinking of alcohol
Prohibitions EnforcementProhibitions Enforcement
Political ReformPolitical Reform
Many cities were run by Many cities were run by “Political Machines”“Political Machines”
NYC- Boss Tweed and NYC- Boss Tweed and Tammany Hall were the most Tammany Hall were the most corrupt and robbed millionscorrupt and robbed millions
Political Bosses promised Political Bosses promised immigrants jobs in exchange immigrants jobs in exchange for their votesfor their votes
They gained office and They gained office and became very corruptbecame very corrupt
ReformReform
Direct Primary- people vote in Direct Primary- people vote in a primary election for a a primary election for a candidate to represent a partycandidate to represent a party
Initiative- petitions circulated Initiative- petitions circulated so law makers may consider a so law makers may consider a lawlaw
Referendum- proposed law Referendum- proposed law where the people vote on where the people vote on election dayelection day
Recall- people can call for a Recall- people can call for a special election to remove a special election to remove a politician from officepolitician from office
Secret ballot became popularSecret ballot became popular
Child Labor LawsChild Labor Laws
Child labor was very commonChild labor was very common1914- laws issued to prevent 1914- laws issued to prevent
child laborchild laborEarly 20Early 20thth century U.S. cities century U.S. cities
begin to clean upbegin to clean up
Teddy RooseveltTeddy RooseveltT. Roosevelt- felt that as president T. Roosevelt- felt that as president
he needed to protect both industry he needed to protect both industry and the common laborersand the common laborers
Roosevelt was known as the “Trust Roosevelt was known as the “Trust Buster” b/c he was the first Buster” b/c he was the first president to attack big businessespresident to attack big businesses
He enforced the Sherman Anti-He enforced the Sherman Anti-Trust Act by attacking the Northern Trust Act by attacking the Northern Securities Co.Securities Co.
Roosevelt believed that their were Roosevelt believed that their were both good and bad trustboth good and bad trust
Good Trust- those that helped the Good Trust- those that helped the public and provided necessary public and provided necessary services but they needed to be services but they needed to be restrainedrestrained
Bad Trust- those that drove out Bad Trust- those that drove out competition and abused the workers competition and abused the workers and they should be eliminatedand they should be eliminated
TR the ConservationistTR the Conservationist
Roosevelt loved the environment Roosevelt loved the environment and felt that he needed to and felt that he needed to preserve it for future generationspreserve it for future generations
He helped establish the National He helped establish the National Parks ServiceParks Service
Roosevelt LegacyRoosevelt Legacy
Helped regulate the RailroadsHelped regulate the RailroadsKnown as the Trust BusterKnown as the Trust BusterAvid ConservationistAvid ConservationistHelped build the Panama CanalHelped build the Panama CanalConsidered one of Americas Considered one of Americas
greatest and vocal presidentsgreatest and vocal presidents
1912 Election1912 Election
Democrats- Woodrow WilsonDemocrats- Woodrow WilsonRepublicans- Party was split Republicans- Party was split
between Taft and Rooseveltbetween Taft and RooseveltWilson won easilyWilson won easilyDebs- represented the Socialist Debs- represented the Socialist
PartyParty
Underwood TariffUnderwood Tariff
Tariffs lowered, which dropped Tariffs lowered, which dropped the price of consumer goodsthe price of consumer goods
1616thth Amend- Graduated Income Amend- Graduated Income Tax which is based on a % of Tax which is based on a % of your incomeyour income
Clayton Antitrust ActClayton Antitrust Act
Strengthened the Sherman Strengthened the Sherman Antitrust ActAntitrust Act
Prevented holding companies, Prevented holding companies, interlocking directorships which interlocking directorships which were illegalwere illegal
Federal Trade Commission ActFederal Trade Commission Act
Investigates questionable Investigates questionable business practicesbusiness practices
Orders companies to “Cease and Orders companies to “Cease and desist” from illegal activitiesdesist” from illegal activities
Federal Reserve SystemFederal Reserve System
Banks often failed b/c they didn’t Banks often failed b/c they didn’t have enough money in the vaulthave enough money in the vault
Fed. Reserve- regulates the Fed. Reserve- regulates the money that is in circulation and money that is in circulation and controls interest ratescontrols interest rates
Progressive AmendmentsProgressive Amendments
1616thth- Income Tax- Income Tax1717thth- People now directly elect - People now directly elect
their national senatorstheir national senators1818thth- Prohibition of alcohol- Prohibition of alcohol1919thth- Women get the right to vote- Women get the right to vote