center for catalysis (ccat) at iowa state university is dedicated to the development of useful,...
TRANSCRIPT
Center for Catalysis (CCAT) at Iowa State University is dedicated to the development
of useful, practical catalysts and sustainable green chemistry methods.
CCAT scientists investigate the application of catalysis and green chemistry methods to agricultural, industrial and
environmental science.
Center for Catalysis
Chemistry of Biodiesel
O
O
O
C
C
C
O
O
O
R
R
R
NaOH
3 CH3OH R C
O
O CH3 +
OH
OH
OH
R = C14 ~ C24 Hydrocarbon Chain Biodiesel
Transesterification
oil glycerol
New Catalysts Process
Renewable catalysts Eliminates catalyst from glycerin co-product Eliminates water washing
Current Catalyst Process vs. New Catalyst Process
Current Process
Uses Non renewable Catalyst Catalyst left in glycerin co-product Catalyst requires water washing
NeutralizationWater Wash
Reactor
Oil
Oil Soluble Catalyst
Methanol
Separation NeutralizationWater Wash
Renewable Catalysts
Oil
MethanolSeparation
Biodiesel• Goal: Convert soy oil into biodiesel and
convert byproducts of process into other value-added products, e.g., PDO, anti-freeze.
• Approach: Use mesoporous silica nanocatalysts to speed up the conversion process
• Agricultural Nanotechnology
SEM image of the mesoporous silica microsphere.
TEM image of cross-section showing hexagonal lattice units of porous framework.
USDA Value-Added Grant
RenewableCatalyst-Conversion of Glycerinto PDO
CrudeGlycerin
Crude Biodiesel
Renewable Catalysts
Methanol
Feedstock
Methanol Recovery
Separation
PDO – Used for:AdhesivesAntifreezeCompositesCarpets and textilesEngine coolantsPolyestersResinsSolventsUrethanesWater based inks
Methyl Ester Uses (currently marketed by West Central Soy)SoyPOWER biodieselSoyPOWER diesel additiveSoyPOWER methyl soyateBioSOY Hydraulic OilSoyTRUK Fifth Wheel GreaseSoyLINK Chain Bar LubricantGraffiti RemoverAsphalt Release ConcentrateSoyPLUS (dairy feed ingredient
MethanolRecovery
Biodiesel
MethanolRecovery
Recyclable Catalysts
No catalytic residual left in methyl ester or glycerin
Reduce energy consumption
Reduced construction costs
Enhance economic competitiveness
Reduce environmental impacts
Anticipated benefits of new catalysts
Scale-up Activities
• Successfully replicated bench-scale procedure to synthesize acid catalyst– Produced over 700 grams of mesoporous silica
material in batches that were more than 30 times larger than bench scale
Oil O
O
O
C
C
C
O
R1O
R2O
R3
OH
OH
OH
C
O
R'MeO+
R' = R1, R2, R3
MeOH
Base Catalyst
Fatty acid free OilEsterification by acid catalyst
Transesterification by base catalyst
R OH
OH+
MeOH R OMe
O
Free Fatty Acid Containing Feedstock Free Fatty Acid Containing Feedstock For Biodiesel Synthesis For Biodiesel Synthesis
Glycerol Biodiesel
BiodieselAnimal Fat orRestaurant Oil
Base catalyst destroyed by FFA’s (soap formation)
Synthesis of PDO via Ionic HydrogenationSynthesis of PDO via Ionic Hydrogenation
Glycerol to PDO:
Triglyceride to Biodiesel and Glycerol:
Anticipated Economic Development Benefits
• Center for Catalysis, ISU – basic science which creates new commercial business opportunities– New base catalyst facility, West Central
– New acid catalyst facility, West Central
– New glycerin catalysis synthesis facility, West Central
• Excellent opportunity for Iowa Values Fund– Development that is located in rural area – benefits agricultural and
manufacturing sector
– Creates good, quality jobs