center for brain and cognitive science mind reading for cognitive systems yong-ho lee center for...
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Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
Mind Reading for Cognitive Systems
Yong-Ho LeeCenter for Brain & Cognitive Research
Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
ACS: Artificial Cognitive System
ACS
Natural Cognition
Natural & LifeSciences,Neuroscience
Computing,Sensing,Imaging
Cogno-
Bio-Info-
Cognitive system in FP6
http://kr.blog.yahoo.com/ekdrn
Artificial Cognitive System Human Cognitive System
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
“Cognitive systems are natural or artificial
information processing systems,
including those responsible for perception,
learning, reasoning and decision making and
for communication and action.”
- Foresight Cognitive Systems Project-
What is a cognitive system?
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
Self-organization in the nervous system 1014 connections between 1010 neurons in neo-cortex
Human computers : 1012 processors Sensory processing : sight, hearing, touch and so on Social cognition Interaction, Planning and Motivation Memory, Reasoning and Learning Advanced Neuroscience Technologies
Foresight Cognitive Systems Project
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
Mind reading
Interface & Interaction
Brain signals or Biological signals
Information
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
Imaging tools
fMRI MEG
EEG
PET
NIRS
ECoG
Metabolism Electrophysiology
Brain reading tools?
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
Windows to the Brain
Metabolic change
Electric activity
Cognitive process : Changes of brain activity in time and space
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
Functional MRI
+ High spatial resolution- Poor temporal resolution
Most common device for brain study
Imaging of hemodynamic change High-field MRI
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
In viewing pictures of different categories (face, house, and painting)
Maël Lebreton et al, Neuron (2009)
fMRI
Different activation area in the brain
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
Hemoglobin
Near IR Scattered
Blood vessel
Skin
Brain
NIRS : Near InfraRed Spectroscopy
Dong-il SHIMADZU Corp.
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
Deoxy Hb
Oxy Hb
780nm, 805nm, 830nm
Absorption spectrum of Hemoglobin
Near IR
Total HbOxy Hb
Deoxy Hb
Task Task Task
Dong-il SHIMADZU Corp.
Relative change of Hb
Finger tapping task
NIRS signals
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
EEG HydroCel Geodesic Sensor
http://www.egi.com/clinical-division-clinical-products/c-gsh
Electroencephalography
Source localization
Besa, MEGIS Software GmbH
Susceptive to electric conductivity inhomogeneity of the brain
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
MEG System
MEG (Magnetoencephalography)
Localization of active currents
+ High temporal resolution + Measure neural current + Moderate spatial resolution - Need inverse problem process - Poor sensitivity to deep sources
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
Brain: Real time processor in ms time scale
►EEG, MEG-non invasive information with high temporal resolution
Temporal resolution : Role of MEG
Timing of human cortical functions during cognition
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
- Simultaneous imaging of neural current & anatomical structure
- Measurement field : ~ μT
- Nuclear magnetic resonance frequency = ~ Neural activity frequency
- Imaging of neural current distribution
Direct Imaging of Neural Current
Imaging of neural activity
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
Magnetically shielded room
Stimulus control
Insert
Dewar
RF shielding
Stimulus
FLL circuits
Controller
Filter/AmpSQUID
Signal processingSource analysis
Bp
Bm
Gradient fields
Data acquisition system
Controlled current source
Direct Imaging of Neural Current
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
New MRI : MRI at microTesla field
Ultra-low field MRI
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
http://article.joins.com/article/photo/article.asp?Total_ID=3311491&p_cat=life
Biological signals - Heart rate - Respiration rate - Face temperature
Mind reading device - Molintent
<Camera and Sensor system>
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
Game : Connecting Your Brain to the Game
http://www.emotiv.com/
Application of Mind Reading
Brain-Computer InterfaceLie DetectionPreference Survey…
http://www.neurosciencemarketing.com/
Neuromarketing
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
Control of a Robot Arm by Human Thought Alone
Brain-Machine Interface
<fMRI image>
http://www.studybusiness.com/HTML/TRM/02173-06-2006-TRM-11-K.htm
<Pattern analysis>
<Control of Robot Arm>
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
Control of a Robot by Human Thought Alone
Brain-Machine Interface
Matching accuracy > 90%
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6yI_4FHSKI
EEG + NIRS
Center for Brain and Cognitive Science
Mind Reading : Until now, reading of only simple thought is possible Both temporal and spatial resolution are important Neural current vs. Metabolic change Golden standard method to be used as the reference for brain
activation patterns when several imaging modalities are combined?
Ethic issue
Summary