cellular respiration mr. mah living environment. announcements vocabulary quiz on friday (tomorrow)...
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Cellular Respiration
Mr. MahLiving Environment
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Announcements
• Vocabulary Quiz on Friday (Tomorrow)
• Unit 3 Test will be Tuesday of Next Week–December 15th
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Do-Now (6 minutes)• What do you rely on for energy?
• Are there particular foods that boost your energy?
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Digestion for Energy
• All living things need energy to stay alive.
• Before the energy in the food we eat can be
used, it must be digested into simpler ones, such as glucose.
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Respiration• Glucose must be broken down further. This
process involves a series of chemical reactions controlled by enzymes.
• In the final step, the chemical bonds of the glucose are broken, and their energy is released. This process of releasing the energy in chemical bonds is called cellular respiration.
• Where have we seen the word respiration before? – Respiration = breathing– Respiratory System
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Aerobic Respiration
• Aerobic: requires oxygen • During cellular respiration, cells capture
much of the energy released from the glucose bonds.
• The captured energy is then used to form new bonds in high–energy molecules known as ATP.
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Location, location, location!
• Cellular respiration is completed in the mitochondria. – Note: cells that require more energy contain
more mitochondria i.e. muscles require more energy than skin, therefore, muscle cells usually contain more mitochondria.
• As they generate ATP, mitochondria release carbon dioxide and water.
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GLUCOSE OXYGEN
CARBON DIOXIDEWATER
ATP
Mitochondria
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Anaerobic Respiration
• Anaerobic: no oxygen• Takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell,
requires enzymes• The organisms that usually use anaerobic
respiration are:1. Bacteria2. Yeast
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Anaerobic Respiration
2 Types:• Alcohol Fermentation • Used by yeast to make ethyl alcohol
• Lactic Acid Fermentation• Used by muscles to make lactic acid• Causes muscle fatigue (weakness)
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Which is better?• Anaerobic respiration
1. Alcohol fermentation: glucose 2 ethyl alcohol + 2 CO2 + ATP
2. Lactic acid fermentation: glucose 2 lactic acid + 2 ATP
• Aerobic respirationGlucose + 6 oxygen 6 water + 6 CO2 + 36 ATP
• Aerobic respiration is more efficient because it uses oxygen to release more energy per glucose molecule.
• Organisms use ATP for energy.
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Cellular Respiration is the reverse of photosynthesis!
Reactants Products
CO2 + H2O + Energy (light) Glucose + O2
Glucose + O2 CO2 + H2O + Energy (ATP )