cells
DESCRIPTION
created for 5th grade science classroomTRANSCRIPT
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Cells
What is a cell?
What’s inside a cell?
What are the differences between animal cells and plant cells.
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What is a cell?• A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of
performing life functions.
• The cells theory states the following:– All living things are made up of cells. – All cells come from preexisting cells through
cell division. Red Blood Cells
Onion CellsCheek (Skin) Cells
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Examples of Cells
Amoeba Proteus
Plant Stem
Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell
Bacteria
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What is inside a cell?• Cells are made up of
parts called organelles or “little organs”.
• The parts of a cell that we are going to discuss include:– Cell Membrane– Cell Wall– Nucleus– Cytoplasm– Chloroplasts– Vacuoles– Mitochondria
• Some organelles are only found in plant cells. – These include cell walls
and chloroplasts.– The vacuoles found in
plant cells are larger.
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Cell Membrane
• Surrounds a cell, allows certain materials to enter the cell and waste products to exit
• Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell
• Double layer
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
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Cell Wall
• Tough material surrounding the cell membrane in plant cells.
• Most commonly found in plant cells & bacteria
• Supports & protects cells
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
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Nucleus • Directs cell activities
• Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane
• Contains genetic material - DNA
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Cytoplasm
• All the material of the cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus
• Gel-like mixture
• Surrounded by cell
membrane
• Contains hereditary
material
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Mitochondria
• The cell’s power producers.
• Mitochondria combine oxygen and food to produce energy in the process of cellular respiration.
• Controls level of water and other materials in cell
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
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Vacuoles
• Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal
• Contains water solution
• Larger in plant cells• Help plants maintain
shape by storing water
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
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Chloroplast
• Uses the energy in sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen (a process called photosynthesis)
• Usually found in plant cells
• Contains green chlorophyll
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
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What are the differences between plant and animal cells?
• Plant cells are much like animal cells, except for 3 important differences.– Plant cells have cell walls, which make them appear
rectangular-shaped. These structures are composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and a variety of other materials.
– Plant cells have chlorophyll, the light-absorbing pigment required for photosynthesis. This pigment is contained in structures called chloroplasts, which makes plants appear green.
– Plants cells have a large, central vacuole. While animal cells may have one or more small vacuoles, they do not take up the volume that the central vacuole does (up to 90% of the entire cell volume!). The vacuole stores water and ions, and may be used for storage of toxins.
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Plant Cell vs Animal Cell
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What am I, plant or animal?
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Plant Cell Animal Cell
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Pictures of cells
Cancer cell being attacked by the immune system
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Cheek (Skin) Cells
Nerve Cells
Liver Cells
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A plant cell from the leaf
of a poplar tree
Seaweed under a microscopePlant cell with nucleus very visible
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Stomach Cells
Muscle Cells
Bone Cells
Cardiac Muscle (Heart) Cells
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Very thin slice of plant skin
Orchid (flower) cellsLeaf Cells of Moss
Cells in a
plant root
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Credit Slide
• Pictures were found via yahoo image search.
• Some information was found via yahoo search.
• Some information was retrieved from Science-Class.net