cell transport · blood cell hypotonic solution cellular structure and functionchapter 7 solute...
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Cell Transport The movement of materials
in and out of the cell
Plasma (Cell) Membrane
Thin, flexible boundary between the
cell and its environment
7.2 The Plasma Membrane
Cellular Structure and Function
Allows nutrients into the cell
Allows waste to leave the cell
Chapter 7
Selective Permeability
Cellular Structure and Function
The plasma membrane controls the movement of
substances into
and out of the cell.
7.2 The Plasma Membrane
Chapter 7
The plasma membrane is composed of the
phospholipid bilayer.
Cellular Structure and Function
A phospholipid means:
a glycerol backbone
two fatty acid chains
a phosphate group.
7.2 The Plasma Membrane
Chapter 7
Fluid Mosaic Model
Cellular Structure and Function
The phospholipid
bilayer allows other
molecules to “float”
in the membrane.
Other Components
Proteins
Cholesterol
Carbohydrates
7.2 The Plasma Membrane
Chapter 7
Proteins
Cellular Structure and Function
Transmit signals inside the cell
Act as a support structure
Provide pathways for larger substances to enter
and leave the cell
7.2 The Plasma Membrane
Chapter 7
Cholesterol
Cellular Structure and Function
Prevents fatty acid tails from sticking
together
7.2 The Plasma Membrane
Chapter 7
Carbohydrates
Cellular Structure and Function
Identify chemical signals
7.2 The Plasma Membrane
Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and Function
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and Function
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Chapter 7
HOW do materials move in and out of a cell?
Passive Transport
Movement of particles across the cell
membrane without using energy
7.4 Cellular Transport
Cellular Structure and Function
Three Modes of Passive Transport
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Osmosis
Chapter 7
Diffusion Movement of particles from an area of high
concentration to an area of lower
concentration (with the concentration gradient)
Cellular Structure and Function
Initial Conditions Diffusion
Low High
High Low
7.4 Cellular Transport
Chapter 7
Diffusion is controlled by
Cellular Structure and Function
Temperature
Pressure
Concentration
Dynamic Equilibrium
When diffusion of material into the cell
equals diffusion of material out of the cell
7.4 Cellular Transport
Chapter 7
Diffusion in a Cell
Cellular Structure and Function
7.4 Cellular Transport
Chapter 7
Facilitated Diffusion
Cellular Structure and Function
Movement of materials across the plasma
membrane using proteins
7.4 Cellular Transport
Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and Function
Carrier Proteins Channel Proteins
7.4 Cellular Transport
Chapter 7
Osmosis
Cellular Structure and Function
Diffusion of water across a selectively
permeable membrane
Three Types of Solutions
Isotonic
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
7.4 Cellular Transport
Chapter 7
Blood Cell Plant Cell
Isotonic Solution
Cellular Structure and Function
Water and dissolved substances diffuse
into and out of the cell at the same rate.
11,397x
7.4 Cellular Transport
Chapter 7
Blood Cell
Hypotonic Solution
Cellular Structure and Function
Solute concentration is higher inside the
cell.
Water diffuses into the cell.
Plant Cell
13,000x
7.4 Cellular Transport
Chapter 7
BLOWS UP the cell.
Plant Cell
Hypertonic Solution
Cellular Structure and Function
Solute concentration is higher outside the
cell. Water diffuses out of the cell.
Blood Cell
13,000x
7.4 Cellular Transport
Chapter 7
SHRINKS the cell.
What could cause the following conditions in
a cell?
1. 2.
3.
How can a solution affect tonicity?
Active Transport
Cellular Structure and Function
Movement of particles across the cell
membrane using energy (against the gradient)
Active Transport Using Carrier Proteins
7.4 Cellular Transport
Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and Function
Endocytosis
Process by which the
cell surrounds and
takes particles into the
cell
Exocytosis
Secretion of material
out of the plasma
membrane
7.4 Cellular Transport
Chapter 7