cell structures, functions and transport
DESCRIPTION
Cell Structures, Functions and Transport. COMMON CELL TRAITS. A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions. COMPARING CELLS. The size & shape of a cell relates to its function . (job it does). Prokaryotic Cells (proh KAYR ee yah tihk). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Cell Structures, Functions and Transport
![Page 2: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
COMMON CELL TRAITS
A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.
![Page 3: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
COMPARING CELLS
The size & shape of a cell relates to its function. (job it does)
![Page 4: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Prokaryotic Cells(proh KAYR ee yah tihk)
cells without membrane-bound structures
EX: bacteria pond scum
![Page 5: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Eukaryotic Cells(yew KAYR ee yah tihk)
cells with membrane-bound structures
EX: animals, plants, fungi and protists
![Page 6: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
![Page 7: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
1. Nucleus Nickname: “The Control Center” Function: 1. Holds the DNA2. Directs all cell activities 3. Contains instructions for everything the cell does
Parts:Nucleolus: 1. dark spot in the middle of the nucleus that helps
make ribosomesNuclear Membrane:1. separates nucleus from cytoplasm 2. controls movement of materials in & out of nucleus
![Page 8: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Cell Membrane
Outer covering, protective layer around ALL cells
For cells with cell walls, the cell membrane is inside the cell wall
Function: Protects the cell, and allows food, oxygen, & water into the cell & waste products out of the cell.
![Page 9: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Cytoplasm
gelatin-like inside cell membrane
constantly flows Also known as
protoplasm
![Page 10: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
![Page 11: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
2. Ribosomes Function: makes
proteins Found in all cells,
prokaryotic and eukaryotic
Float freely or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Ribosomes are made in the nucleolus
Ribosomes
![Page 12: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
3. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Nickname: “Roads” Function: The internal delivery system
of the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
![Page 13: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
![Page 14: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Endoplasmic Reticulum 2 Types:
1. Rough ER: Rough appearance because it has
ribosomes Function: helps make proteins, that’s
why it has ribosomes
2. Smooth ER: NO ribosomes Function: makes fats or lipids
![Page 15: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Complex
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
![Page 16: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Golgi bodies
4. Golgi Complex Nickname: The shippers Function: packages, modifies, and
transports materials to different location inside/outside of the cell
Appearance: stack of pancakes
![Page 17: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Bodies
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
![Page 18: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Lysosomes
5. Lysosomes: circular, but bigger than ribosomes)
The word "lysosome" is Latin for "kill body.“ Nickname: “Clean-up Crews” Function: digest things; digest food or
break down the cell when it dies. Break down food molecules, cell wastes &
worn out cell parts
![Page 19: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal CellsAnimal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Bodies
Mitochondria
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
![Page 20: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Mitochondria
6. Mitochondria Nickname: “The Powerhouse” Function: Energy production
Breaks down food to make ATP ATP: is the major fuel for all cell
activities that require energy
Some muscle cells have 20,000 mitochondria
![Page 21: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Animal Cell
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Bodies
Mitochondria
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
![Page 23: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Centrioles
Centrioles: cylindrical structures that are composed of groupings of microtubules.
Function: found in animal cells and play a role in cell division.
![Page 24: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Now let’s talk about structures only found in PLANT Cells!!
![Page 25: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
![Page 26: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Vacuoles
7. Vacuoles Function: stores water
This is what makes lettuce crisp When there is no water, the plant wilts
![Page 27: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
![Page 28: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Chloroplasts
8. Chloroplasts Function: traps energy from the sun
to produce food for the plant cell Green in color because of
chlorophyll, which is a green pigment
![Page 29: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Chloroplasts
![Page 30: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Wall
![Page 31: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Cell Wall
9. Cell Wall Function: provides support and
protection to the cell membrane Found outside the cell membrane in
plant cells Is made of cellulose Found in plants, algae, fungi, and
most bacteria.
![Page 32: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Wall
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Golgi Bodies
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
![Page 33: Cell Structures, Functions and Transport](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56814089550346895dac12fa/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Comparing Plant and Animal CellsPlant Animal