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3.7

Cell respiration

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O2 CO2BREATHING

Lungs

CO2 O2Bloodstream

Muscle cells

carrying out

CELLULARRESPIRATION

Sugar + O2 ATP + CO2 + H2O

Breathing and Cell Respiration are related but theyAre not the same concept

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What is cellular respiration

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Glucose Oxygen gas Carbondioxide

Water Energy

Cellular Respiration uses oxygen and glucose to produceCarbon dioxide, water, and ATP.

food Air you breathe Air you exhale Present

inside the

cell

Used

By

cells

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Generation of ATP

There are two ways to generate ATP

Chemiosmosis

Substrate-Level Phosphorylation

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General Outline

Glucose

Pyruvic Acid

Glycolysis

OxygenAerobic

No OxygenAnaerobic

Transition Reaction

Krebs Cycle

Electron Transport Chain

36 ATP

Fermentation

2 ATP

34 ATP

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Glycolysis

Where? The cytosol

What? Breaks down glucose to pyruvic acid

Overview general idea glucose 6-c into pyruvate 3-c

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Glycolysis

Steps A fuelmolecule is energized,using ATP.

Glucose

Step

Glucose-6-phosphate

Fructose-6-phosphate

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate(G3P)

Step A six-carbonintermediate splits intotwo three-carbon

intermediates.

Step A redoxreaction generatesNADH. 1,3-Diphosphoglyceric acid

(2 molecules)

Steps ATPand pyruvic acidare produced.

3-Phosphoglyceric acid(2 molecules)

2-Phosphoglyceric acid(2 molecules)

2-Phosphoglyceric acid(2 molecules)

(2 molecules

per glucose molecule)

Pyruvic acid

Fructose-1,6-diphosphate

Energy In: 2 ATP

Energy Out: 4 ATP

NET 2 ATP

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General Outline

Glucose

Pyruvic Acid

Glycolysis

OxygenAerobic

No OxygenAnaerobic

Transition Reaction

Krebs Cycle

ETS

36 ATP

Fermentation

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General Outline of Aerobic Respiration

Glycolysis

Krebs Cycle

Electron Transport System

Transition Reaction

In transition reactionPyruvate enters the

Mitochondria and

One carbon is removed

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Transition Reaction

Each pyruvic acid molecule is broken down to formCO2 and a two-carbon acetyl group, which enters the

Krebs cycle

*** note in the presence of oxygen CO2

Acetyl CoAPyruvic Acid

Binds with Oxygen

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General Outline of Aerobic Respiration

Glycolysis

Krebs Cycle

Electron Transport System

Transition Reaction

In transition reactionPyruvate enters the

Mitochondria and

One carbon is removed

It becomes

Acetyl coenzyme A

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Krebs Cycle

Where? In the Mitochondria

What? Uses Acetyl Co-A to generate ATP, NADH,

FADH2, and CO2.

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Krebs Cycle

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Krebs Cycle

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General Outline of Aerobic Respiration

Glycolysis

Krebs Cycle

Electron Transport System

Glucose to

Trans: pyruvate to

Acetyle coA

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Electron Transport System

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Electron Transport System

Figure 6.12

Intermembranespace

Innermitochondrial

membrane

Mitochondrialmatrix

Protein

complex

Electron

carrier

Electron

flow

ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN ATP

SYNTHASE

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General Outline

Glucose

Pyruvic Acid

Glycolysis

OxygenAerobic

No OxygenAnaerobic

Transition Reaction

Krebs Cycle

ETS

36 ATP

Fermentation

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Fermentation

Where do you suppose these reactions take place?

Yeast produce carbon dioxide and ethanol

Muscle cells produce lactic acid

Only a few ATP are produced per glucose

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Fermentation