Cell Organelles

Cytoskeleton·Functions:

>Supports and shapes the cell>Helps position and transport organelles>Provides strength>Assists in cell division>Aids in cell movement

Nucleus·Functions:

>Store and protect the genetic information, DNA·Nucleus is enclosed in a double membrane called the nuclear envelope·Also contains the nucleolus, a dense region where tiny organelles essential for making proteins are assembled.

Endoplasmic Reticulum·An interconnected network of thin folded membranes.·Functions:

>Production of proteins and lipids·Two types:

>Rough ER: Covered with ribosomes, so it looks like it has a rough surface.>Smooth ER: Surfaces of the ER that do not contain ribosomes.

Ribosomes·Tiny organelles that link amino acids together to form proteins.·Assembled in the nucleolus and sent though the nuclear pores into the cytoplasm.·Some are bound to the ER, some are suspended in the cytoplasm.

Golgi Apparatus·This is where proteins generally go after they have left the ER. ·Consists of closely layered stacks or membrane-enclosed spaces that process, sort, and deliver proteins.·Makes additional changes to the proteins and packages them.

Vesicles·A general name used to describe small membrane-bound sacs that divide some materials from the rest of the cytoplasm and transport these materials from place to place within the cell.·Vesicles are often formed from the ER after a protein is made.

Mitochondria·Supply energy to the cell·Two membranes- inner membrane has many folds which allow it to convert the food you eat into usable energy.·Have their own ribosomes and DNA

Vacuole·Fluid-filled sac used for the storage of materials used by the cell.·Most animal cells contain many small vacuoles·Plant cells contain a central vacuole

>Helps strengthen and support the cell.

Lysosomes·Membrane-bound organelles that contain enzymes.·Defend cells from invading bacteria·Break down damaged or worn-out cell parts

Centrosome and Centrioles·Centrosome: Small region of cytoplasm that produces microtubules.·In animal cells it contains two centrioles:

>Cylinder-shaped organelles made of short microtubles arranged in a circle.

>Not found in plants (other than algae) and their function is still in question.

Cell Walls·Found in plants, algae, fungi, and most bacteria.·A rigid layer that gives protection, support, and shape to the cell.·Cell walls can adhere to one another to support an organism.·Cell wall composition depends on the different needs of an organism.

Chloroplasts·Organelles that carry out photosynthesis ·Include thylakoids, which contain chlorophyll, a light-absorbing molecule that gives plants their green color.

Plant Cell Drag each term so that it labels the correct part of the plant cell diagram.

Cell Structure and Function

Animal Cell Drag each term so that it labels the correct part of the animal cell diagram.

Cell Structure and Function