cell division and reproduction chapter 10. cell division ✤c✤cells die and are replaced billions...
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![Page 1: Cell Division and Reproduction Chapter 10. Cell Division ✤C✤Cells die and are replaced billions of times per day. ✤O✤Organisms grow because cell division](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649f535503460f94c77a56/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Cell Division and ReproductionChapter 10
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Cell Division
✤ Cells die and are replaced billions of times per day.
✤ Organisms grow because cell division increases the total number of cells.
✤ Cell division is important to single celled organisms as well, it is how they reproduce.
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Reproduction
✤ Reproduction is the process where an organism produces others of its same kind.
✤ There are two types of reproduction:
✤ Asexual and Sexual Reproduction
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Asexual Reproduction
✤ This is a new organism that is produced from one organism.
✤ This new organism will have genetic material identical to the parent.
✤ How is this done?
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Asexual Reproduction
✤ There are 3 types of asexual reproduction:
✤ Budding
✤ Regeneration
✤ Cellular Division
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Budding and Regeneration
✤ Budding- The new organism grows from the body of the parent.
✤ Regeneration- These use cell division to reproduce body parts. They may also break into pieces to form new organisms.
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Asexual Cell Division
✤ Some organisms can reproduce this way.
✤ Many plants use this type of reproduction.
✤ Sweet potato and strawberries.
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Mitosis
✤ Mitosis is the process in which the nucleus of a cell divides to form 2 identical nuclei.
✤ There are 4 steps to mitosis.
✤ Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (PMAT)
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Steps of Mitosis
PROPHASE METAPHASE
ANAPHASE TELOPHASE
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Sexual Reproduction
✤ This is another way that organisms can reproduce.
✤ In this situation, there are 2 sex cells. Often called and egg (female) and sperm (male).
✤ When joining it is called fertilization, and the cell formed is called a zygote.
✤ The process of forming sex cells is done through meiosis.
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Meiosis
✤ Meiosis produces sex cells. This ensures that offspring have the same number of chromosomes.
✤ In humans, each sex cell has 23 chromosomes. Each parent has 46 chromosomes.
✤ Sex cells are called haploid cells (half the genetic information)
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Meiosis
✤ Meiosis has two man parts: Meiosis I and Meiosis II.
✤ Meiosis I- Each cell duplicates just like in Mitosis. (DIPLOID CELLS)
✤ Meiosis II- The two cells formed during MI duplicate to form 4 sex cells. Each have half the number of chromosomes as the original parent cell. (HAPLOID CELLS)
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Why is sexual reproduction important?