ccafs_par for west africa_icraf
TRANSCRIPT
Participatory Action Research (PAR) forincreased adoption of climate smart agriculture
by rural poor in West Africa
Robert ZougmoréRegional Program Leader West Africa,
CCAFS
Average projected % change in suitability for 50 crops, to 2050
Crop suitability is changing
In order to meet global demands,
we will need
60-70% more food
by 2050.
Food security is at risk
Climate change and Agriculture
• Climate change is making it increasingly urgent
for more widespread and significant changes in
farming practices to increase productivity and,
at the same time, use natural resources more
efficiently and sustainably.
• shifts to new crops and varieties,
• water and soil conservation measures
• planting trees on farms;
• …..
Agriculture must become“climate-smart”
• contributes to climate change adaptation by
sustainably increasing productivity & resilience;
• mitigates climate change by reducing and
removing greenhouse gases;
• and enhances the achievement of national food
security and development goals.
Participatory Action Research
• More research and development work is called
for to ensure that the most appropriate options
for change are adopted.
• PAR is an approach that combines both
research and development work.
• PAR approach: particular actions, interventions,
are tested and implemented simultaneously
with local partners, researchers & development
workers cooperating closely;
• PAR is not easy to undertake.
Scaling upScaling up
Impact
Outcomes
Scaling-outScaling-up
Iterations of learning cycle
Generation of knowledge & tools (diagnosis, vulnerability assessment, trade-offs between adaptation & mitigation, technologies, practices & policies)
Pathways to Impact
Outputs
Participatory diagnosis to identify pilot sites and scope of options
PLAR to adapt, develop and validate technological options
2. Changes in farmers’/ communities’ attitude & perceptions
1. Improved knowledge of farmers
3. Farmers/communities modify and innovate
6. Stakeholders learning of NRM
4. Adoption of technologies & changes in practices
7. Adopting farmers/ communities enjoy higher & more stable income
8. Community livelihood improvements
Changes in knowledge and attitudes of stakeholders
5. Adoption in other villages
Changes in knowledge & attitudes of farmers/ communities
Eventual wider adoption
Enabling policy environment created
Improved livelihoods/food security/reduced poverty amongst farmers in Africa
Objectives of CCAFS PAR
Test and validate, in partnership with rural communities & other
stakeholders, a scalable climate-smart model for agricultural
development that includes a range of innovative agricultural risk
management strategies
Place-based field work
Indo-GangeticPlains:
There is risk of heat stress, melting glaciers, and sea level rise; the intensity and probability of extreme events will likely increase.
Regional director:
Pramod Aggarwal
East Africa:Climate change will likely intensify surface and groundwater stress.
Regional director:
James Kinyangi
West Africa:Extreme rainfall variability impedes precipitation predictions, but the Sahel will likely experience shorter growing periods.
Regional director:
Robert Zougmoré
PAR: test of integrated adaptation and mitigation technologies/practices
Priority production interventions with expected mitigation and adaptation synergies:
• Soil nutrient management (e.g.: organic manure and
fertilizer management through micro-dosing)
• Agroforestry (e.g.: Natural AGF parklands, biofuel and
drought tolerant varieties of maize, millet and sorghum)…
• Rehabilitation of degraded lands, soil & water management
• Conservation agriculture for increased carbon
sequestration and improved soil health
� Potential mitigation practices to be examined from the
perspective of carbon sequestration, mitigation incentives,
institutional arrangements, gender impacts…
PAR: test of integrated adaptation and mitigation technologies/practices
Priority interventions for mitigation and/or adaptation:
• Use of the analogue method and methods for innovative
knowledge sharing and networking among farmers;
• Climate risk management strategies with focus on ground
application for downscaled seasonal climate - crop
forecasting – drought-tolerant varieties– Index-based crop
insurance;
• Capacity building on crop forecasting: National/regional
teams established; capacity building workshops for local
teams, data needs identified; stakeholders meeting organized
Support to policy decision making and Capacity strengthening
Policies to be oriented towards empowering local decision making around natural resources concerns: reconciling traditional laws and formal legal codes for managing natural resources:
Use of existing tools & methods, data collection and analysis that support decision making for adaptation and mitigation (When climate finance becomes a reality)
• Data requirement and management strategy tobe developed by the partners
• SHG to maintain a diary of all agriculturaloperations/interventions on a daily basis.
• Some baseline soil & water samples to becollected and analyzed.
• Weather Data of current season and past yearsto be collected from nearby Weather Station.
• Village land use map to be procured from LocalGovernment agencies.
• All data to be entered in a Database.
Recording and Management