cbq- leadership and management in nursing 2009

SAMPLE BOARD EXAM QUESTIONS: LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT IN NURSING1. In order to organize and deliver nursing care to patients, it was mentioned that good assignment to staff is

always a priority in the institution. The following are true about good assignment except one: a. Should be related to the individual’s previous experienceb. Should provide for new learning experience c. Should be within the individual’s ability to completed. Should be easy and avoid challenging tasks

2. A small number of people with complementary skills who work towards accomplishment of common goals for which they hold themselves mutually accountable.

a. Teamb. groupc. organizingd. management

3. The ability to exert influence in the organization beyond authority, which is derived from position.a. powerb. empowerc. authorityd. instruction

4. Choosing the most appropriate mode of organizing patient care is important. Adrian assigned in the Intensive Care unit has only 1 patient and he assume total responsibility for giving all care to patients during their time on duty is called?a. Case method nursingb. team nursingc. Functional nursingd. primary nursing

5. The obligation to correctly perform one’s assigned duties is:a. Delegationb. Assignment c. Responsibility d. Accountability

6. Faye, one of the staff nurses on the area, was assigned to give the medications of Mr. Huni, a patient with UGIB. Mr. Huni questions Faye about the medication she will be giving. Faye explains to him the use of the drug and the importance of it to his care. Faye, utilized which of the following type of influence?

a. Sanctionb. Rationalityc. Exchanged. Assertiveness

7. Tina, is new in the ward, he approached Mr. Tan to give her directions so she could also help in the area. Mr. Tan as the head nurse of the unit gives Tina the tasks needed for her to finish. In order for Mr. Tan to properly delegate task, his manner of giving directions should be?1. Clear, concise and complete2. Understandable3. Given in a low and fast voice4. Must be one at a time

a. 1,2,3,b. 1,2,4c. 2,3,4d. All of the above

8. Ms. Angel delegates less task to her colleagues, because she fears that everything will go out of control. Because of this belief, she misses out on which of the following?

a. Rids her of routine taskb. Increases the motivation of her staff

c. A and B are trued. None of the above

9. Which of the following statement best describes an interpersonal conflict?a. Conflict within oneselfb. Conflict with colleaguesc. Conflict with another teamd. None of the above

10. As a head nurse of the unit, which of the following sources should you take into consideration when making effective assignments for the next shifts?

a. Seniority preferencesb. Recent performance evaluationc. Personality traitsd. Client classification data

11. Nurses working in the 35 bed female medical unit were noted to implement new and innovative client care activities long before other units in the hospital. Which of the following leadership characteristics exhibited by the nurse manager best describes this strength?

a. Communication skillsb. Knowledge and skillsc. Vision and passiond. Interpersonal abilities

12. Olga is receiving D5W 1 liter regulated at 30 drops per minute to be consumed in 8 hours. It was started at 8am. At 10 am, her relative informed you that the bottle is empty. Which of the following will you do first?

a. Refer to nurse manager b. Assess Olga and check level of fluid left in the bottlec. Discontinue IV and assess Olgad. Replace IVF with prescribed follow up

13. Which of the following factors is most important in determining the success of relationships used in delivering nursing care?

a. Type of illness of the clientb. Transference and counter transferencec. Effective communicationd. Personality of the participants

14. In conflict management, the win-win approach occurs when:a. There are two conflicts and the parties agree to each oneb. Each party gives in on 50 percent of the disagreements making up the conflictc. Both parties involved are committed to solving the conflictd. The conflict is setteled out of court so the legal system and parties win

15. The use of interpersonal decision making, psychomotor skills, and application of knowledge expected in the role of a licensed health care professional in the context of public health welfare and safety is an example of:

a. Delegationb. Supervisionc. Responsibility d. Competence

16. When one person allows the conflict to be resolved at his or her own expense, this is referred to which type of conflict management:

a. Losingb. Winning while losing c. The lose-win approachd. Win-lose approach

17. o foster growth and development among the organization, staff development is done. The following best describes the benefit of staff development, except?

a. Improves personnel effectivity and efficiencyb. It produces improvement of staffc. Improves personnel outlook in life and improves workd. Means of degrading the skill and growth of the personnel

18. Staff development can be done through in-service (IS) training and continuing education (CE). The following statements are true when the two are compared,except?

a. In service promotes skill development while CE promotes professional growthb. IS can be done in short period of time compared to that of CE that takes a longer timec. IS is done within the organization after assessment of a need, while CE done outside after the

person’s realizes the need for improvementd. IS is given to and paid by employees working in the company while CE is done and shouldered by the

agency you are working

19. The nurse manager’s most important communication skill is:a. Questioning b. Affirmation c. Assertivenessd. Listening

20. All of these are the advantages of peer review EXCEPT:a. Demands accountability for nursing actionsb. Has possibility of enhancing intra professional respectc. It requires the development of standards for quality cared. Provide an evaluation of the nurse’s abilities

21. The nurse expressed increase feelings of dissatisfaction. The supervising nurse intervenes therapeutically by taking the role of:

a. Administrator by relieving her responsibilitiesb. Therapist by delivering into the nurse’ internal conflicts c. Counselor by active listeningd. Educator by reorienting her role as a nurse

22. An order for a client was given and the nurse in charge of the client reports that she has no experience of doing the procedure before. Which of the following is the most appropriate action of the nurse supervisor?

a. Assign another nurse to perform the procedure b. Ask the nurse to find way to learn the procedure c. Tell the nurse to read the procedure manual d. Do the procedure with the nurse

23. Nursing audit aims to:a. Provide research data to hospital personnelb. Study client’s illness and treatment regimen closelyc. Compare actual nursing done to establish standardsd. Provide information to health care providers

24. Rio chose to talk to Ms. Angel about her problem on her management of the unit. Ms. Angel was angry at her and kept telling her that there is no better way of handling the unit besides how she handles it. Rio commented on some ways on how to make things better, but Ms. Angel keep pursuing her belief. The conflict management that Ms. Angel is utilizing is which of the following?

a. Avoidingb. Accomodatingc. Compromisingd. Forcing

25. Delegation is an important skill that every nurse leader/manager must master. Nurse Jing should learn what can and cannot be delegated. Which of the following is correct.a. A manager can give away the overall responsibility, authority, and accountability for the completion of all

activities in the areab. Delegation of duties may not always be based on policies

c. Making final evaluation and disciplining of staff can be delegated by managersd. Although every staff must be accountable for her own performance, the manager must accept

accountability for the final results.

26. Essentially, assertiveness in nursing involves:a. Setting goals and communicate clearlyb. Acting on goals in clear and consistent mannerc. Taking responsibility for the consequences of one’ actionsd. All of the above

Situation: Errors while providing nursing care to patients must be avoided and minimized at all time. Effective management of available resources enables the nurse to provide safe quality patient care.

27. In the hospital where you work, increased incidence of medication error was identified as the number one problem in the unit. During the brainstorming session of the nursing service department, probable causes were identified as the number one problem identified. Which of the following is process related?

a. Interruptionsb. Use of unofficial abbreviations c. Failure to identify the clientd. Lack of knowledge

28. Miscommunication of drug orders was identified as a probable cause of medication errors. Which of the following is safe medication practice related to this?

a. Maintain meducation in its unit dose package until point of actual administrationb. Note both generic and brand name of the medication in the Medication Administration Methodc. Only officially approved abbreviations maybe used in prescription orders d. Encourage clients to ask question about their medication

29. The hospital has an ongoing assurance program. Which of the following indicates implementation of process

standards?a. The nurse check client’s identification band before giving medicationsb. The nurse reports adverse reaction to drugs c. Average waiting time for medication administration is measured d. The unit has well ventilated medication room

Situation: While working in a tertiary hospital, you are assigned in the Medical Unit.30. Your client, Rovi, is concerned that she cannot pay hospital bills and professional fees. You refer her to a:

a. Social workerb. Nurse supervisor c. Bookkeeping departmentd. Physician

31. Ms. F has lung cancer and is going through chemotherapy. She is referred by the oncology nurse to a self-help group of clients with cancer to:

a. Receive emotional supportb. To be a part of a research study c. Provide financial assistance d. Assist with chemotherapy

32. A diabetic hypertensive client, Mrs. Lablab, needs a change in diet to improve her health status. She should be referred to a:

a. Nutritionistb. Dietitianc. Physiciand. Medical pathologist

33. When collaborating with other health team members, the best description of Nurse Rica’s role is:a. Encourages the client’s involvement in his careb. Shares and implements orders of the health team to ensure quality carec. She listens to the individual views of the team membersd. Helps client set goals of care and discharge

34. Nurse Kim is successful in collaborating with health team members about the care of Mr. Lee. This is because she has the following competencies:

a. Communication, trust and decision makingb. Conflict management, trust, negotiation c. Negotiation and decision making d. Mutual respect negotiation and trust

35. This is regarded as the most effective means of resolving conflict. Heading out to face the dilemma with a goal to resolve the conflict through knowledge and reason is called?

a. Stonewalling b. Assertivenessc. Confrontationd. Negotiation

36. Nurse Eduardo also recalls that organizing is necessary because people accomplish more work than could be done individually. The number of people reporting to him as nurse supervisor represents his:a. Unity of commandb. span of controlc. Scope of responsibilityd. degree of authority

37. The hospital will be conducting their yearly interdepartment Christmas party, the different heads of each department conducted a meeting to plan for this event. In this situation which type of communication is used?

a. Authoritativeb. Logicalc. Consultatived. Grapevine

38. The principle of organization wherein it states that “ recurring decisions should be handled in a routine manner by lower-level managers whereas problems involving unusual matters should be referred to higher levels”.

a. Unity of Commandb. Homogenous Assignementc. Span of controld. Exemption Principle

39. Because large organizations are so complex, communication, channels used by a manager may involve downward, upward, horizontal, or through the grapevine. Which of the following is considered the most informal communication network that flows rapidly and is subject to error distortion?

a. Upward communicationb. Horizontal communicationc. Downward communicationd. Grapevine communication

40. Putting your plans into action is:a. Planningb. Organizingc. Directingd. Controlling

Situation: Recored contain those comprehensive descriptions of patient’s health conditions and needs and att the same time serve as evidences of every nurses’ accountability in the care giving process. Nursing records normally differ from institution to institution nonetheless they follow similar patterns of meeting needs for specific types of information. The following pertains to documentation and records management.

41. This special form is used when the patient is admitted to the unit. The nurse completes the information in this record particularly his or her basic personal data, current illness, previous health history, health history of the family, emotional profile, environmental history as well as physical assessment together with nursing diagnoses on admission. What do you call this record?

a. Nursing kardexb. Nursing health history and assessment worksheetc. Medicine and treatment recordd. Discharge summary

42. These are sheets/ forms which provide an efficient and time saving way to record infomaton that must be obtained repeatedly at regular and/or short intervals of time. This does not replace the progress notes, instead this record of information on vital signs, intake and output, treatment, postoperative care, postpartum care, and diabetic regimen etc. This is used whenever specific measurements or observations are needed to be documented repeatedly. What do you call this particular record?

a. Nursing kardexb. Graphic flow sheetsc. Discharge summary d. Medicine and treatment record

43. These records show all medications and treatments provided on a repeated basis. What do you call this record?


44. Most nurses regard this conventional recording of the date, time, and mode by which the patient leaves a healthcare unit, but this record includes importantly, directs of planning for discharge that starts soon after the person is admitted to a healthcare institution. It is accepted that collaboration or multidisciplinary involvement of all members of the health tem in discharge results in comprehensive care. What do you call this?


45. What role do you play when you hold all client’s information entrusted to you in the strictest confidence?a. Patient’s advocate b. Educatorc. Patient’s liaison d. Patient’s arbiter

46. As a nurse, you can help improve the effectiveness of communication among health care givers by:a. Use of reminders of what to dob. Using standardized list of abbreviations, acronyms and symbolsc. One-on-one oral endorsementd. Text messaging and email

47. As a nurse, your primary focus in the workplace is the client’s safety. However, personal safety is also a concern. You can communicate hazards to your co-workers through the use of the following except:

a. Formal training b. Postersc. Posting implementing rules in the bulletin boardd. Use of labels and signs

48. As a nurse, you protect yourself and co-workers from misinformation and misrepresentations through the following except:

a. Provide information to clients about a variety of services that can help alleviate the client’s pain and other conditions

b. Advising the client, by virtue of your expertise that which can contribute to the client’s well-beingc. Health education among clients and significant others regarding the use of chemical disinfectant d. Endorsement through trimedia to advertise your favorite disinfectant solution

49. To guarantee an improved delivery of nursing services, the nurse manager revised the sysTyem for the delivery of nursing care which is referred to as:

a. Patient classification systemb. Pattern of nursing carec. Variable staffingd. Scheduling

50. Which nursing care system is considered as the system used for assigning the work of private duty nurses?a. Case methodb. Functional methodc. Team nursingd. Primary nursing

51. Nurse Mel is assigned to take care of 5 to 6 patients from admission to discharge. Which nursing modality refers to this?

a. Primary nursingb. Nursing case managementc. Team nursingd. Modular nursing

52. Joseph, one of the new staff nurses, wants to understand the channel of communication, span of control and lines of communication. Which of the following will provide this information?

a. Organizational structureb. Policyc. Guidelinesd. Job description e. Manual of procedures

53. Which behavior would indicate that Nurse San uses consultative theory?a. Involves the members in making specific policy decisionsb. Uses fear and punishment in motivating the teamc. Allows specific policy decisions at her level onlyd. Permits information flow in all levels

54. A new nurse manager is trying to determine the best way to implement client teaching in her outpatient surgical center. She decides to gather data from other surgical centers and compare their teaching method to her center’s method. Which quality improvement process is she utilizing?

a. Bench marking b. Risk managementc. Performance improvementd. Quality management

55. Nurse Pipaw gave her team full trust and confidence and allowed them to share their suggestions how to develop the program. Which management behavior did she adopt??

a. Participative b. Consultativec. Exploitive- authoritatived. Benevolent-authoritative

56. Nurse Pipaw who is the chair of the Program Committee, explains to Dionisia the details of her proposed programs and the reasons behind his proposal. Which influence tactic did she employ?

a. Upward appealb. Rationality c. Blocking d. Exchange

57. Nurse K clarifies his decisional roles as a leader which includes the following except:a. Negotiatorb. Resource allocator c. Figure head d. Entrepreneur

58. Nurse K was able to motivate the group by shifting the authority, responsibility, and accountability to point of care. Which of the following theories refer to this type of situation presented?

a. Servant leadershipb. Transformational leadership c. Participatived. Shared excellence

59. Nurse Glenda assists a group of nursing personnel in the surgical intensive unit of Region 1 Medical Center to resolve their conflict with the hospital administrator regarding their salary by defining the goals openly in an environment of trust and commitment. The approach utilized by Nurse Glenda is:

a. Compromiseb. Integrative problem solving c. Majority rule d. Dominance- suppression techniques

60. As a nurse supervisor in Pangasinan Provincial Hospital, Nurse Auring is concerned with the day to day management of the trauma unit towards administration of quality care client services. The type of decision making process style is concerned with is:

a. Personalb. Operationalc. Professionald. Strategic

61. Nurse Bulding, a nursing supervisor in a Burn Unit is conducting a 6-month performance review session with a team leader. Which of the following actions is appropriate?

a. Team leader chooses a nurse to attend the session as a witnessb. Nurse Bulding appoints a third person to attend the session c. The session is private between the two nursesd. The session is open to all staff members of the other units

62. She likewise wants to consider shifting to transformational leadership. Which one is the essence of this type of leadership?

a. Processesb. Visionc. Policiesd. Rules

Situation: Nurse Jethro is a head nurse of the Cardiovascular Unit of Region 1 Medical Center. He plans to develop a continuing education program for his staff

63. He plans to use a planning and controlling model that identifies all aspects of a complex project, assigns time frame for each of the task that needs to complete before the target date. Which planning model refers to this?

a. Gantt chartb. PERTc. Critical path methodd. Decision tree

64. He appoints the members of the working committee. He instructs them to report only to him. Which of the following principles did he apply?

a. Unity of directionb. Span of control c. Unity of commandd. Scalar chain

65. As a manager, Nurse Jethro is responsible for the care that is rendered by the nurses in the unit. Which of principle refers to this?

a. Span of controlb. Command responsibilityc. Disciplined. Unity of direction

66. Nurse Beng knows that some leaders show little or no trust on their subordinate, which refer to:a. Benevolent-authoritativeb. Exploitive- authoritativec. Consultatived. Participative

67. Nurse Beng delegates effectively if she has authority to act, which is best defined as :a. Having responsibility to direct othersb. Being accountable to the organizationc. Having legitimate right to actd. Telling others what to do

68. When the situation calls for compliance of the followers to ensure success of the activity, the best leadership style that Nurse Beng will use is:

a. Laissez-faireb. Democratic c. Autocraticd. Authoritative

69. To effectively manage time, the nurse should avoid which of the following barriers?a. Setting limitsb. Procrastination c. Realistic personal expectationsd. Practical planning

70. The organizational chart tells the nurse the following:1.Leadership and subordinates in the organization2.Positions in the organization3.Exact number of individuals in the organization4.Location in the hierarchical level

a. 1,2,3b. 2,3,4c. 1,2,4d. All

71. Dotted or broken lines on the organizational chart represent:1. Staff positions2. Advisory positions3. Chain of Command 4. Line positions

a. 1,2b. 1,2,3c. 1,3d. 1,3,4

72. Nurse Supervisor Rosalinda of Manny Pacquiao Memorial Hospital assigned Nurse Dionisia to do the reading of the Central Venous Pressure Line and later on gave guidance to her in executing the task. The managerial function is best exemplified in:

a. Staffing b. Organizingc. Directingd. Controlling

73. A form of communication that travels from the staff and continues up the organizational hierarchy is:a. Upwardb. Horizontalc. Downward d. Grapevine

74. The conceptual skill of a nurse manager is best depicted in her ability to:a. Select and motivate her subordinates b. Integrate and coordinate activitiesc. Determine and analyze nature of circumstancesd. Exercise nursing procedures

75. One of the staff nurses remarked her colleague, “You seem to have lost weight, didn’t you?” before she asked the latter to exchange her day off with her. What influence did she use in this case?

a. Sanction b. Ingratiation c. Exchange d. Assertiveness

76. The staff nurses verbalized that they are already beginning to feel tired of the long duty hours and the heavy workload assigned to them. They decided to talk with Gracia because they want to protect the rights of the patients to safe and quality care. Which influence tactic refers to this situation?

a. Coalition b. Ingratiationc. Blocking d. Rationality

Situation: Nurses use a variety of ways to communication information about their clients. The more nurses know about the client, the better prepared they are to render high quality care.

77. Which of the following are general guidleines that must be followed to ensure quality documentation and reporting? 1- factual and accurate2- complete and current3- organized and confidential 4- computerized and coded

a. 2 3 4b. 1 2 3c. 1 2 4d. 1 3 4

78. Which of the following is the appropriate purpose/ use of health care records when the nurse reviews client chart to assist her in planning patient care during her shift?

a. Communicationb. Education c. Auditingd. Assessment

79. Medical records that is organized into separate sections for data from doctors and nurses is known by which of the following?

a. SOAPIE recordb. Source record c. Modified problem oriented recordd. Problem oriented record

80. Which of the following utilizes therapeutic communication?a. Arguing with patients regarding unexplained hospital billsb. Changing the subject when the patient begun to show angerc. Giving information about the patient’s course of illnessd. Convincing the patient to take a bath in the evening

81. Which of the following describes the therapeutic use of self?a. Ability to observe the 5 rights in administering medication and treatmentb. The ability to effect change in the patient’s daily health habitsc. Being resourceful in carrying out treatment and nursing procedured. The ability to consciously structure nursing intervention and establish relatedness

82. The hospital where you are working is celebrating its golden jubilee. Three of the nurse supervisors were assigned by the over-all chairman to head different committees. The principle of management used here is:

a. Delegation of responsibilityb. Channel of communicationc. Unity of command d. Command responsibility

83. In order to organize and deliver nursing care to patients, it was mentioned that good assignment to staff is always a priority in the institution. The following are true about good assignment except one: a. Should be related to the individual’s previous experienceb. Should provide for new learning experience c. Should be within the individual’s ability to completed. Should be easy and avoid challenging tasks

84. Choosing the most appropriate mode of organizing patient care is important. Adrian assigned in the Intensive Care unit has only 1 patient and he assume total responsibility for giving all care to patients during their time on duty is called?a. Case method nursingb. team nursingc. Functional nursingd. primary nursing

85. The nurse supervisor plans to revisit the organization chart of the department. She plans to create new position of a Patient Educator who has coordinating relationship with the head nurse in the unit. Which of the following will most likely depict this organizational relationship?

a. Boxb. Solid linec. Broken lined. Dotted line

86. To guide the nurse in the professional relationship with other organization, she must be aware of the organizational structure of her institution. Which of the following are the purposes of an organizational structure?1-- outlines administrative flow of command 2- used for policy making and planning3- shows relationships with other departments and agencies4- used to evaluate strengths and weaknesses of the organizational structure 5- used to orient new personnel to the organization

a. 1 3 4b. 3 onlyc. 2 4 5d. All of the above

87. A type of adhocracy organizational model which sees to it that all departments are represented accordingly:a. Matrix organizationb. Project organizationc. Collegial managementd. Free form

88. A type of organizational chart which defines the relationship between and among the different levels in the organization is the:

a. Concentric structureb. Vertical structurec. Horizontal structured. Circular

89. Marilyn is responsible for the number of personnel reporting to her. Which principle refers to this?a. Span of controlb. Unity of commandc. Decentralizationd. Decentralizatione. Esprit d’ corps

90. She observed that two of the nurses are not talking to each other. This condition refers to which of the following?

a. Stressb. Conflictc. Span of controld. Unity of command

91. What method was used when two groups agreed to divide the house?a. Compromiseb. Collaborationc. Majority rulesd. Restriction

92. The nurse manager wishes to implement a new way of determining the vacation schedule for staff. Senior staff nurses oppose the change while newer staff nurses seem to be more of accepting the change. An effective strategy for resolving these differences in acceptance would be:

a. Provide extensive and detailed rationale for the proposed exchangeb. Explain that the change will occur as designed, regardless of the staff’s preferencec. Tell the staff if the really don’t want the change,, it will not be implementedd. Encourage each sided to share view with each other

93. You have been promoted as head nurse in a new burn unit which of the following action is best for you to do?a. Establish authority by sounding firm and knowledgeableb. Delegate responsibility to staff nurses according to their abilityc. Talk to the team leader of the staff nurses and give her the best schedule d. Avoid seeking the advise of the staff nurse

94. Having to deal with a lot of people, the nurse manager’s most important communication skill is which of the following?

a. Questioning b. Assertivenessc. Affirmationd. Listening

95. In directing, Nurse D is concerned with the technical aspects such as those listed below. Which does not fit in the category?

a. Work flowb. Equipments and suppliesc. Procedures

d. Job dissatisfaction

96. Many managers distribute biweekly newsletter of ongoing unit or health care agency activities and post minutes of committee meetings in an accessible location for all staff to read. This is an example of:

a. Problem solving committeeb. Nurse/ physician collaborative practicec. Interdisciplinary collaborationd. Staff communication

97. Which of the following is true about directing?a. It is influencing others’ behavior through motivation, communication and group dynamicb. It is the third step in the management processc. Directing deals with the steps a manager takes to get subordinates and others to carry out plans.d. None of the above

98. The characteristic of directing that means as long as the organization exist, directing is presenta. Pervasive functionb. Creativity functionc. Continuous activityd. Human factor

99. If without directing, resources are misused and mishandled and personnel are stagnant is embodied in which of the following?

a. Pervasive functionb. Creativity functionc. Continuous activityd. Human factor

100. A homeless person has been admitted to the hospital with multiple health care problems. The nurse manager, physician, social worker, and clinical dietician are working together to care for the patient. This interdisciplinary interaction is referred to as:a. cooperationb. consultationc. continuity d. collaboration

101. A small number of people with complementary skills who work towards accomplishment of common goals for which they hold themselves mutually accountable.

e. Teamf. groupg. organizingh. management

102. The ability to exert influence in the organization beyond authority, which is derived from position.a. powerb. empowerc. authorityd. instruction

103. It is the type of power that is gained over person’s life wherein it comes with maturity, integrity and security

a. Rewardb. Legitimatec. Expertd. Self

104. By virtue of his organizational position, Nurse Eduardo has the recognized authority over others. The type of power that he has is called.a. Reward powerb. Expert powerc. Coarcive powerd. legitimate power

105. When a subordinate recognizes his superior’s advanced skill or knowledge and follow his orders because of his belief that his superior knows best, that superior is said to have:a. Legitimate power

b. referent powerc. Reward powerd. expert power

106. Which is true about requisite authority?

a. One person is to one bossb. Managers for unusual things, workers for routine taskc. Delegated tasks includes authority over resourcesd. One is accountable for his actions

cbq- leadership and management in nursing 2009

Documents