cb during flicker (rensink, o’regan & clark, 1997; 2000)
DESCRIPTION
CB during flicker (Rensink, O’Regan & Clark, 1997; 2000). CB during flicker (Rensink, O’Regan & Clark, 1997; 2000). CB during flicker (Rensink, O’Regan & Clark, 1997; 2000). CB during flicker (Rensink, O’Regan & Clark, 1997; 2000). CB during flicker (Rensink, O’Regan & Clark, 1997; 2000). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
CB during flicker (Rensink, O’Regan & Clark, 1997; 2000)
CB during flicker (Rensink, O’Regan & Clark, 1997; 2000)
CB during flicker (Rensink, O’Regan & Clark, 1997; 2000)
CB during flicker (Rensink, O’Regan & Clark, 1997; 2000)
CB during flicker (Rensink, O’Regan & Clark, 1997; 2000)
CB during flicker (Rensink, O’Regan & Clark, 1997; 2000)
CB during Blinks (O’Regan, Deubel & Clark & Rensink, 2000)
CB during Blinks (O’Regan, Deubel & Clark & Rensink, 2000)
CB during Blinks (O’Regan, Deubel & Clark & Rensink, 2000)
• Flicker– Rensink, O’Regan & Clark,1997; 1999
• Eye saccades– Currie, McConkie, Carlson-Radvansky & Irwin, 1995;
McConkie & Currie, 1996• Blinks– O’Regan, Deubel, Clark, Rensink, 1999
• Film cuts, real life– Levin & Simons, 1997
• “Mudsplashes”– O’Regan, Rensink & Clark (Nature, 1999)
Change Blindness
CB during Mudsplashes (O’Regan, Rensink & Clark, 1999)
CB during Mudsplashes (O’Regan, Rensink & Clark, 1999)
CB during Mudsplashes (O’Regan, Rensink & Clark, 1999)
CB during Mudsplashes (O’Regan, Rensink & Clark, 1999)
CB during Mudsplashes (O’Regan, Rensink & Clark, 1999)
CB during Mudsplashes (O’Regan, Rensink & Clark, 1999)
CB during Mudsplashes (O’Regan, Rensink & Clark, 1999)
CB during Mudsplashes (O’Regan, Rensink & Clark, 1999)
CB during Mudsplashes (O’Regan, Rensink & Clark, 1999)
CB during Mudsplashes (O’Regan, Rensink & Clark, 1999)
CB during Mudsplashes (O’Regan, Rensink & Clark, 1999)
CB during Mudsplashes (O’Regan, Rensink & Clark, 1999)
CB during Mudsplashes (O’Regan, Rensink & Clark, 1999)
CB during Mudsplashes (O’Regan, Rensink & Clark, 1999)
detailed internalrepresentation
sparse ???
Why do we think we see “everything”?
• Immediate availability at flick of eye/attention• The “world as an outside memory”(O’Regan, 1992)• refrigerator light analogy (N. Thomas)• visual “solipsism”
• vividness through transients
Why we think we see everything
• Refrigerator light analogy (N. Thomas)– seeing is having access
Yarbus,1978
Why do we think we see “everything”?
• Immediate availability at flick of eye/attention• The “world as an outside memory”(O’Regan, 1992)• refrigerator light analogy (N. Thomas)• visual “solipsism”
• vividness through transients
de “voir”
l’illusion de
Visual solipsism
Visual solipsism
Simons & Chabris, 2000
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cette image.
Haines, 1991. Ames Res. Center, NASA
Prob
abili
ty o
f Cha
nge
Det
ectio
nO’Regan, Deubel, Clark & Rensink, 2000
Central
Marginal
“Post-attentive vision”J. M. Wolfe, N. Klempen, and K. Dahlen (in press)
Repeated Search
80 ms 80 ms 80 ms
mask 30 ms mask
30 ms
Visual search has no memory
T. Horowitz & J.M. Wolfe (Nature, 1998)
“Inattentional Blindness” A. Mack & I. Rock (1998)
Normal trials
Critical trial
time
1.5 s 200 ms
Why do we think we see “everything”?
• Immediate availability at flick of eye/attention• The “world as an outside memory”(O’Regan, 1992)• refrigerator light analogy (N. Thomas)• visual “solipsism”
• vividness through transients
Visual Transients
• Attract attention to change location
• Impression of continuous presence
motion
orientation
color
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MODULES
INFORMATION AVAILABLE:
Ron
Bag
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select
Ron
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Foot
INFORMATION AVAILABLE:
INFORMATION ENCODED:
Ron
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BAGCODED?
Bag
motion
orientation
color
xxxx
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TRANSIENTS IN MODULES....
INFORMATION AVAILABLE:
BAG DISAPPEARS!
RonHotel
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Ron
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Footcompare
AFTERCHANGE
INFORMATION AVAILABLE:
(previously stored)
RonHotel
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Detecting changes normally
• transient indicates location and ‘flavour’ of change.
• if object previously coded: • transient indicates change location• comparison can be made
• if object not coded• ‘flavor’ can be used to guess at change
Ron
Soda
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FLICKER
INFORMATION AVAILABLE:
(previously stored)
RonHotel
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Bag
Detecting changes when there are global transients
• if object coded: slow search for change location
• if object not coded: no hope.
Using a global transient
• Flicker– Rensink, O’Regan & Clark,1997; 1999
• Eye saccades– Currie, McConkie, Carlson-Radvansky & Irwin,
1995; McConkie & Currie, 1996• Blinks– O’Regan, Deubel, Clark, Rensink, 1999
• Film cuts– Levin & Simons, 1997
D. Simons & D. Levin
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D. Simons & D. Levin
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Using distracting local transients
• “Mudsplashes”– O’Regan, Rensink & Clark (Nature, 1999)
Ron
Pepsi
Footcompare
MUDSPLASH
INFORMATION AVAILABLE:
(previously stored)
RonHotel
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• Principle: render transients inoperative
– Drowned by global transient: flicker, saccade, blink,
film cut
– Diversion by local transient (mudsplash)
– No transient: slow change (R. Chabrier)
Change blindness experiments
Chabrier & O’Regan, submitted
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cette image.
Chabrier & O’Regan, submitted
Recent sources on CB
• Vis Cog 2000, 1/2/3 (Ed. Dan Simons)
• Fleeting Memories (Ed. V. Colthert) MIT Press, 1999
• http://www.wjh.harvard.edu/~viscog/change/
Recent issues on CB
• implicit memory, unconscious recall• layout
• cognitive description
• CB in dynamic scenes
• iconic memory, masking
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