causes of edema
DESCRIPTION
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CAUSES OF OEDEMA
Abnormal & excessive accumulation of free fluid in interstitial space or serous cavities
Ascites, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion
PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC CLASSESIncd hydrostatic pressureImpaired venous return CHF Constrictive pericarditisVenous obs Thrombosis
CONTD… Ext pressure- mass, pelvic tumor
Lower extremity inactivity PregnancyArteriolar dilatation Heat neurohumoral dysreguln
Reduced oncotic pressureIncd loss – nephrotic syndromeDecd synthesis – liver failureMalnutrition/malabsorption nutritional oedemao kwashiorkaro wet beri-berio c/c alcoholism
CONTD…Protein losing enteropathyLymphatic obsInfection fiariasis- early & late stage
LGVMalignancy – CA breast
CONTD…Radiation injuryResection of lymphatics Na retentionExcessive salt intake + renal insuff
RAAS stimulationDecd Na deliveryConn’s syndrome
Incd capillary permeabilityInfection /inflamatnSevere sepsis Drug- Ca channel blockerAllergicangioedema
CONTD…Foods- nuts, shellfishDrugs- penicillin, aspirinAllergy to insect bite or stings
ACE inhibitorsHereditary angioneurotic oedema
GENERALISED OEDEMARt heart failureNephrotic syndome, a/c nephritic syndromeHypoalbuminemiac/c liver diseaseBeri-beri
LOCALISED OEDEMAInflammatoryObs to bv/lymphaticsEmaciation & old age Allergic
PITTING OEDEMA
Cardiac causesRenal causesLiver diseaseEarly stage of filariasisCa channel blockers
NON PITTINGMyxoedemaElephantiasisangioneurotic
DEPENDENT OEDEMACardiac failureRenal causes Hypoalbuminemia
NON DEPENDENTInflammatory Obs to lymphaticsAngioneurotic
OTHERSPulm oedema-LHF,renal failure,ARDSOedema of brain localised- abscess, neoplasm
generalised- encephalitis, hypertensive crisis, obs to brain’s venous outflow
CONTD…Myxoedema
Oedema fluid – transudate (CHF) or exudate (inflammatory)