causes of civil war power point
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Causes of the Civil WarCauses of the Civil WarStewing up trouble and turning up the heatStewing up trouble and turning up the heat
Our IngredientsOur Ingredients
Slavery
Fugitive Slave ActDred Scott
Election of
Abraham Lincoln
Bleeding Kansas
Missouri Compromise Compromise of 1850
John Brown’s Raid Harpers Ferry
Kansas Nebraska Act
States Rights
Uncle Tom’s Cabin Cultural Differences
Uncle Tom’sUncle Tom’sCabinCabin
• Author: Harriet Beecher Stowe • Date: 1852• vivid characters, dramatic incidences, showed
slavery as a cruel and brutal system. • Inspired strong feelings in the North and the
South» Northerners felt a stronger urge to abolish slavery» Southerners felt even more threatened.
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Uncle Tom’s cabin, the Broth or base for our stew, helps to flavor the issue of Slavery in both the North and the South.
="So you're the little
woman who wrote the book that started this
great war.“Abraham Lincoln
Missouri Compromise 1820 Missouri Compromise 1820 Compromise of 1850Compromise of 1850
Missouri Compromise preserved the balance between free and slave states, and ended the debate in Congress over slavery in new states and territories – for a while
Maine = FREE state
Proposed byHenry Clay
Missouri = SLAVE state
Missouri Compromise (1820) and Missouri Compromise (1820) and Compromise of 1850Compromise of 1850
• Why an issue?Why an issue?• Continued the conflict over
slavery and the attempt to maintain a balance between slave and free states.
• Balance of Power…Balance of Power…• North and South continued to
look for ways to change this balance and gain control.
Potatoes take a while to prepare, they must be cleaned and peeled and act as a filler in the stew. These two compromises were issues that filled the county with conflict, but never addressed the problem.
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854
• Opened the Opened the doordoor for slavery in the for slavery in the Kansas and Nebraska territories.Kansas and Nebraska territories.
• Increased the tension and mistrust Increased the tension and mistrust between the North and the South. between the North and the South.
Kansas and Nebraska are
both known for growing corn.
Stephen A. Douglasproposed that states choose for themselves whether to be
free or slave states; popular sovereignty
Bleeding KansasBleeding Kansas
• Pro- slavery and anti- slavery groups rushed to the territories, armed themselves, and fought for control.
Tomatoes and Blood are both red.
Dred Scott
Dred Scott
Chief JusticeTaney
The Dred Scott DecisionThe Dred Scott Decision
• Slaves = property.• Slaves are not citizens not
protected under the U.S. Constitution.
• Missouri Compromise = Unconstitutional.
• popular sovereignty = Unconstitutional.
• outraged abolitionist in the North, pleased Southerners, dividing the country more than ever.
Dred Scott thought he was a free man, sweet peas, the onions make you cry when you find out he was considered property and not free.
– Rights and powers independent of the federal government that are reserved for the states by the Constitution.
– The belief that states rights supersede federal rights
and law.
States Rights
State’s Rights was a hot topic, constantly heating up the differences between the North and South.
Cultural DifferencesCultural Differences
NorthNorth Center of Manufacturing, Favored high protective
tariffs strongly opposed to
slavery Efficient roads and
transportation Largest Cities
The North and the South had very different societies and cultures. Each was very loyal to their
distinct region (Sectionalism)
Cultural DifferencesCultural DifferencesSouthSouth
Economy based on agriculture. Plantations grew cash crops,
cotton. Opposed tariff on manufactured
goods Favored Slavery.
The North and the South were as different as salt
and pepper.
Fugitive Slave Act 1850
• Required citizens to help capture slaves who had run away.
• People who helped runaways could be fined or imprisoned.
• Many Northern juries often refused to convict people accused of breaking this.
Fugitive Slave ActFugitive Slave Act
Carrots grow underground and slaves were often
caught and returned even though they
often hid underground. Also Caught and Carrots both start with C.
Conditions under the Fugitive Slave Act helped
create the Underground Railroad.
Raid on Harpers FerryRaid on Harpers Ferry• October 16, 1859, abolitionist John
Brown led a raid on an arsenal at Harpers Ferry.
• The aim was to spark a slave uprising.
• John Brown’s death = rallying cry for abolitionists.
• Fears of a great northern conspiracy confirmed.
This e ve nt was the me at o f the ide a
that the No rth had a Co nspiracy ag ainst
the So uth.
Lincoln/Douglas Debates• Senate Race in Illinois in 1858. Senator Stephen
Douglas vs. the little known Abraham Lincoln. Douglas was against slavery personally, but believed that popular sovereignty would resolve the issue without interfering with national unity. Lincoln also personally opposed slavery, but thought there was no easy way to eliminate it where it already existed. He thought the solution was to prevent its spread into the territories.
• Lincoln challenged Douglas to a series of debates leading up to the election. The seven debates took place between August and October 1858. Slavery was the main topic.
• Douglas won the Election but Lincoln gained a national reputation. Southerners were feeling increasingly threatened by antislavery movement in the Republican Party.
Election of 1860Election of 1860• Lincoln opposed slavery, but thought
there was no easy way to eliminate it.
• He thought the solution was to prevent its spread into the territories.
• Lincoln won the election.
Abraham Lincoln was tall and skinny like a
string bean.
South Secedes South Secedes Stirring the po t…Stirring the po t… • November 20, 1860, South Carolina
secedes, others states follow February 1861.
• February 4, 1861 Confederate States of America created, Jefferson Davis elected president.
• South grievance against US = not enforcing Fugitive Slave Act, denied Southern states equal rights in the territories violating their contract with the Union.
• Lincoln’s inaugural speech secession = unlawful and would not be permitted; pleaded for reconciliation.
Firing on Firing on Fort SumterFort Sumter
• Confederate army opens fire on the fort April 12, 1861.
• Union forces surrender April 14, with no loss of life on either side.
• The Civil War begins…The Civil War begins…These were the events that kicked off the Civil War, in other words, turned up the heat.