cau hoi on tap them
TRANSCRIPT
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Cu
a. Hy vit c ch phn ng gia brom vi cis-but-2-en?
b. Vit cng thc chiu Fis ca cc sn phm to thnh?
c. Gi tn cc sn phm (theo threo, eritro)?
Cu Cc phn ng sau s xy ra theo s th hay s tch?
(a) CH3CH2CH2Cl + I (b) (CH3)3CBr + CN (dung mi ethanol)
(c) CH3CH2CH2Cl + OH (dung mi nc) (d) CH3CH2CH2Cl + OH (dung mi ethanol)
(e) (CH3)3CBr + H2O
p n
1. (a) S th SN2. I l nucleophil tt v l base yu; (b) S tch E2. Mt halide 3 v mt base khcmnh; (c) Ch yu l th SN2; (d) Ch yu l tch E2. Mt dung mi phn cc km hn so vi (c)
thun li cho E2; (e) S th SN1. Nc khng c tnh base mnh loi b mt proton cho stch.
Cu Hy vit phn ng v ch ra ho hc lp th ca cc sn phm (nu c) khi 4-methylcyclopentenphn ng vi mi tc nhn sau:
(a) Brom trong nc-DMSO (b) Brom trong CH2Cl2(c) OsO4, sau NaHSO3 (d) HBr/CCl4 (e) NBS/CCl4
p n
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CH3
B r2 , H2 O
B r2
1 . O s O4
2 . N a H S O3
DMSO
CH2Cl2
H
Br
OH
H
CH3
H
Br
Br
H
CH3
OH
OH
H
H
CH3
S R+
+
+
H
Br
OH
H
CH3 RS
Br
H
H
Br
CH3
H
H
OH
OH
CH3
S
S
R
R
R
SS
R
C p e n a
C p e n a
( a )
( b )
( c )
(d)
(e)
H B r
C C l4
N B S
C C l4
HBr
CH3
CH3
Br
+
BrH
CH3SR
C p e n a
C p e n a
Cu 3. S cng hp HCl vo 1-isopropylcyclohexen cho mt sn phm chuyn v. Hy ngh c ch,ch ra cc cu trc ca cht trung gian v s dng cc mi tn cong ch ra s chuyn dch electrontrong mi bc.
+ ClHCl
p n
Cl
H Cl
H
H
c a r b o c a t i o n 3o
H
c a r b o c a t i o n 3oc h u y n d c h
h y d r i d e
Cl
Cu 4. Tng hp cc hp cht sau nh th no khi i t benzen?
ClHOCH2
CH2OH CH2CH2OH( a ) ( b ) ( c )
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( a )
( b )
( c )
Cl
C l2
F e C l3
C H3 C H2 C l
A l C l3
Cl
CH2CH3
N B S
( P h C O2 ) 2
Cl
CHBrCH3
K O H
e t h a n o l
Cl
CH=CH2
CH3
A l C l3
CH3
CH3
CH2Br
CH2Br
CH2OH
CH2OH
C H3 C l
A l C l3
C H3 C l 2 N B S
( P h C O2 ) 2
N a O H
C H3 C H2 C l
A l C l3
CH2CH3
N B S
( P h C O2 ) 2
CHBrCH3
K O H
e t h a n o l
CH=CH2
1 . B H3 , T H F
2 . H2 O 2 , O H
CH2CH2OH
Cu
a. Hy m t s lai ha ca nguyn t nit trong cc phn t piperidin (1), pyrol (2) v pyridin(3)?
N
H
N
H
N
1 23
b. Hy m t su hnh thnh lin kt gia nguyn t nit vi cc nguyn t cacbon trong cc
phn t trn?
c. Cc electron khng chia s ca nit khu tr trn cc ocbital no?
d. So snh tnh baz ca cc phn t v gi thch s khc nhau?
Cu
Hy tng hp cc alcohol sau xut pht t benzen v cc alcohol khc c t hn 6 nguyn tcarbon.
( a ) ( b )
CH2
OH
CH3CH2 CHCH2 CH2OH
CH3
CH2CH3
( c ) ( d )
CH2
OH CH3
CH2 CH3
CH2 CHCH2 CH3
OH
CHCH3
CH3
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( a )
( b )
CH2
OH
CH3
CH2 CHCH2 CH2 OH
CH3
CH2CH3
P B r3CH3CH2OH CH3CH2Br CH3CH2MgBr
M g
e t h e r
OH OC r O3
H 3 O
1 . C H3 C H2 M g B r
2 . H3 O
CH2 CHCH2 CH2OH
CH3
CH2CH3
P B r3CH2 CHCH2 CH2 Br
CH3
CH2CH3M g
e t h e rCH2 CHCH2 CH2MgBr
CH3
CH2CH3
CH3OHP C C
C H2 C l2CH2 O
CH2 CHCH2 CH2MgBr
CH3
CH2CH3 CH2 O+1 . E t h e r
( c )
( d )
CH2
OH CH3
CH2CH3
CH2CHCH2 CH3
OH
CHCH3
CH3
Br MgBrM g
e t h e r
B r2
F e B r3
CH2 CHCH3
OH
CH2CH3
C r O3
H3
OCH2 C CH3
O
CH2CH3
MgBr
+ CH2 C CH3
O
CH2CH3
1 . E t h e r
2 . H3 O
CH3 CHCH2 CH2OH
CH3P C C
C H2 C l2
CH3 CHCH2 CH O
CH3
CH3 CHCH2 CH O
CH3
+ CH3CH2MgBrt ( a )
1 . E t h e r
2 . H3 O
Cu
a. Phn loi cc nhm th trong toluen, clobenzen, nitrobenzen, axetophenon
(metylphenylxeton) anilin v phenol. Mi nhm th c nhng hiu ng electron no? Hy vit phng
trnh phn ng to thnh cc sn phm brm ho nhng hp cht .
b. Hy vit cc phn ng iu ch cc hp cht theo s sau (c th dng thm cc tc nhn
khc nu cn thit):
CHCH3
CH3
OCH3OCH3O2N
Br
Cu
a. Trong mi trng kim D-3-clo-3-metylhexan b thu phn to ra ancol khng c tnh quang
hot, cn D-2-clobutan li cho L-butanol-2. Hy vit v gii thch c ch phn ng trong tng trng
hp.
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b. Khi cho 3-clo-3-metylpentan tc dung vi etylat natri (C2H5ONa) trong ancol s xy ra phn
ng tch E2 v ngi ta thu c CH3CH=C(CH3)CH2CH3, nhng khi cho halogen tc dng vi
tert-butylat natri (tert-C4H9ONa) th ngoi sn phm trn, ngi ta cn thu c (CH3CH2)2C=CH2.
Hy vit s biu din c ch phn ng tch v gii thch s to thnh cc sn phm.
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