Stun & Bleed on Site

A nightmare from the past – or basis for sustainable salmon farming?

Cato LyngøyPan Fish ASADecember 8, 2005

Pan Safe® - Pan Fish’ Commitment to Sustainable FarmingPan Safe® - Pan Fish’ Commitment to Sustainable Farming

• Safety for consumer– A pure nutritious product which gives good value for money!

• Safety for the environment– Production based on renewable resources and absence of long

term footprints!

• Safety for the animal– A Pan Fish salmon has a good life!

Stun & Bleed HeadlinesStun & Bleed Headlines

• Concept• Technology• Capacity• Cost• Quality• Animal Welfare• Biosecurity• Fish Health• Logistics• Challenges• Conclusions

2.43m

1.42m

3.04m

2.43m1.6m

8cm inlet for 1100lts per minute water pumps

Entrance to chutes

Drain

1m

Air Lift Control

Stunner Counter

Capacity & CostCapacity & Cost

SERENA JOYE:• Average speed of 4700 – 5300

fish per hour• Maximum speed of 6200 fish

per hour• Crew of 4 bleeder, 4 back up

stunners and one person on the delivery system

• Cost of $.084 CAD (.43 NOK) per kg based on 115,000kg

6.1meters

Capacity & Cost 2Capacity & Cost 2

• Harvest speed of 5000 – 6000 fish per hour

• Crew of 7: 4 bleeders 2 back up stunners one person on delivery system

• Maximum speed of 6700 fish per hour

• Capacity : 500 cubic metres– (273,000kg max deadhaul)– (50,000kg max livehaul)

• Based on 150,000kg Harvest $.064 CAD or .33 NOK per kg

QualityQuality

• A well rested fish is killed with its maximum glycogen level remaining in muscle.

• Time to rigor is a function of hour degrees¨ i.e. by dropping temperature to +1 right away, time to rigor will be prolonged and time in rigor is extended.

• The unbroken chilling chain is established earlier whereas for live haul temperature varies depending on season.

• Two stress elements, transport and ’CO2 -tank’ are eliminated.

• Fillet quality and shelf-life extended

• None?

PRO’S CON’s

Pre-rigortim es:

Standard livehaul+ CO2 tank: 2-8h

Scottish S&B+transporticed in bins: ~18h

Canada S&B+RSW (+1oC): 18-30h

Serena Joye ’Chill down time’Serena Joye ’Chill down time’

Temperature FluctuationsProbe #31 Starboard

-2.0°-1.0°0.0°1.0°2.0°3.0°4.0°5.0°6.0°7.0°8.0°9.0°

10.0°11.0°12.0°13.0°

TI M E

Animal WelfareAnimal Welfare

• The way we handle take care of fish with trenching, transportation, CO2 tank, stun & bleed may soon be subject to new legislations.

• Instant kill. Stun & Bleed on site is the ideal way to maintain normal life functions until sudden death.

• Customer satisfaction.• Scrutiny from environmental

organizations – do we stand the test?

• Avoid bigger seines so that a seine may be emptied within a couple of hours.

PRO’S CON’s

BiosecurityBiosecurity

• Stun & Bleed team must never abandon the boat.

• All blood and mucus goes into the tank.

• Deck is continuously flushed during pumping and dewatering but also prior to leaving the site.

• 100% of blood is contained. Cleaning and disinfection procedure at the end of the day.

• Crew goes off shift once S&B process is completed and they are picked up by crew boat.

• All blood water is pumped into processing plant and disinfected.

• Raingear laundry in processing plant.• Boat washed and disinfected prior to

next job.

• Procedure for cleaning and disinfection of wellboats must be 100%. Just as demanding as in Norway.

• Unsatisfactory cleaned boats pose an enormous risk if used in smolt transport. Our boats are dedicated for harvest only.

PRO’S CON’s

Fish HealthFish Health

• Entire transport is contained. No discharge of contagious pathogens en route to processing plant (ISA, PD, ?).

• Compromised fish like CMS may be killed instantly without stress and save flesh quality problems.

• Grading and harvest may be done in one operation, ex. CMS.

• Noise of engine and machinery may stress fish on site.

PRO’S CON’s

LogisticsLogistics

• 18 hours pre-rigor gives 6 hours loading, 10 hours transport, and 2 hours slack.

• Must fill one hold at the time and equally empty in same order.

• Transport capacity increased by a factor of minimum 2.5.

• No need for CO2 tank for buffering and chilling.

• Much improved flow of fish through processing plant – better utilisation of processing line, and less manning.

• Exact count (and potentially size distribution) of fish prior to processing.

• Occupation time of boat per load increases.

• Boat must be fully loaded. Cannot work with half loads. Fish will be shuffled around in hold and loose scales.

• Sensitive to rough weather System is sensitive to breakdown in processing plant.

• System sensitive to sick leave.

PRO’S CON’s

ChallengesChallenges

• Cultural?• Presence of site crew during

entire harvest. Night shifts. • Mooring?• Need for tailor-made S&B

boats with accommodations, stability, speed, RSW capacity, and biosecurity tools.

• Need for automated stunning and bleeding.

• Guts and brains?

ConclusionsConclusions

• S&B on site will improve quality of our product, solve critical biosecurity problems, support animal welfare, maintain the integrity of the industry, and potentially reduce cost.

• The industry in Norway has a tendency to believe ”We know best!” and we are the most innovative. This is dangerous!!!

• Funding for developmental projects (ex new type of boats) can be funded through MARUT.

A bright future for a fantastic productA bright future for a fantastic product