cataract
DESCRIPTION
Cataract with its Nursing management, pathophysiology and medical managementTRANSCRIPT
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Cataract
Benjo M. Dela Cruz
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Cataract
• Developmental or degenerative opacity of the lens
• Primary cause of vision reduction and blindness worldwide
• Most common is the age-related or senile cataract
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Risk Factors
• Cumulative exposure to ultraviolet light
• People who live in high altitudes or who work in bright sunlight
• Long term corticosteroid use
• Trauma
• Glassblowers and welders
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Pathophysiology
Decrease in O2 uptake
Increase in water content
Cellular dehydration
Increase in Na, Ca contents,
decrease in Ascorbic acid,
protein contents and K
Protein undergoes numerous changes
Alteration in Metabolism
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Clinical Manifestations
• Painless, blurry vision
• Dim surroundings, “glasses always need cleaning”
• Glare
• Can see in low light
• Cloudy lens
• Red reflex is distorted or absent
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Clinical Manifestations
• Myopic shift
• Astigmatism
• Monocular diplopia
• Color shift
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Surgical Management
• Phacoemulsification
• Lens Replacement
• Aphakic Lenses
• Contact Lenses
• Intraocular lenses
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Nursing Management
• Wear sunglasses or metal eye shield
• Avoid lying on the operative side
• Keep activity light
• Avoid pushing, lifting or pulling objects heavier than 15lbs
• Avoid bending or stooping for an extended period
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Questions
Benjo M. Dela Cruz
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Which medication is contraindicated for a client diagnosed with leukemia?
A.Bactrim, a sulfa antibiotic.B.Morphine, a narcotic analgesic.C.Epogen, a biologic response modifier.D.Gleevec, a genetic blocking agent.
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Which priority intervention should the day surgery nurse implement for a client who had a right knee arthroscopy?
A. Encourage the client to perform range of motion exercises.B. Monitor the amount and color of the urine.C. Check the client’s pulses distally and assess the toes.D. Monitor the client’s vital signs.
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The client is prescribed with Fosamax, a biphosphate. Which information should the nurse teach?
A. Take this medication with a full glass of water.B. Take this with breakfast to prevent GI upset.C. Use sunscreen to prevent sensitivity to sunlight.D. This medication increases calcium absorption.