Catalyst 8/27/13Please take out your homework (1.3) so I may give you credit for it (you’re not passing it up this time)

On your Catalyst Sheet, please answer (don’t copy the questions):1. What are the horizontal rows and

the vertical columns called on a periodic table?

2. How is the periodic table arranged? Why is it arranged this way?

Announcements

1. Write down today’s homework: Homework: 1.4 – The Octet Rule and Ions due Wednesday

2. Quiz on LTs 1.1-1.4 on Wednesday!

Lab Reports

• Someof you did not turn in your lab reports!– So right now some of you have NPs!– Remember, lab reports are weighted 3– I will give you all 2 weeks from today to

turn in all late lab reports

Lab Reports: What I Saw

GOOD• Introductions were

nice (included title, statement of problem, and hypothesis)

• Methods were usually in own words, paragraph form, and summarized the procedure well

NOT SO GOOD• Data & Analysis

section missing data table & graphs!

• Most conclusions barely covered any of the points on the template and were not in-depth

1.3 Homework Solutions

Lecture 1.4 – Electron Configurations and the Octet Rule

Today’s Learning Target

• LT 1.4 (part 1) – I can determine the number of valence electrons for an element and draw a Bohr electron configuration for an element.

How do you draw Bohr diagrams?

I. Essential Point

• Atoms do not have a charge• Neutral atoms have equal numbers

of protons and electrons. • So, atomic number also tells us the

number of electrons.

II. Periodic Table Nomenclature

• Groups – Vertical columns on the Periodic Table

• Periods – Horizontal rows on the Periodic Table

• Periods Push Across• Groups Go Down

Bohr Model of the Atom

III. Electron Orbits

• The first orbit holds 2 electrons• Every other orbit after the first orbit

holds 8 electrons.

IV. Valence Electrons

• Valence Electrons – The number of electrons that are in the outermost electron orbit

Class Example

• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for lithium. Determine the number of valence electrons.

Table Talk

• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for sodium. Determine the number of valence electrons.

Stop and Jot

• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for potassium. Determine the number of valence electrons.

SHORTCUT!

• All elements in the same group (1A, 2A, etc.) have the same number of valence electrons.

SUMMARIZE

Gallery Walk

• There are 8 problems posted around the room.

• You and your partner must complete all 8 as a team.

• When completed, show to Mr. Pan

• You must complete all 8 problems.

Gallery Walk Answers

What is the Octet Rule?

I. The Octet Rule

• Atoms like to have a full outer valence shell

• They will gain or lose electrons to have an outer orbit with 8 electrons (or 2 if it is the first energy level).

• Gain/lose based on what is easiest.

Class Example

• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for beryllium after it has satisfied the Octet Rule.

Table Talk

• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for magnesium after it has satisfied the Octet Rule.

Stop and Jot

• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for calcium after it has satisfied the Octet Rule.

Octet Rule SHORTCUT!

• All elements in the same group gain/lose the same number of valence electrons.

What are the types of ions that can form?

I. Ions

• When atoms gain/lose electrons, they gain a charge.

• Ion – An charged atom due to unequal number of protons and electrons

• Cation – A positively charged ion• Anion – A negatively charged ion

Cats make people feel positive

Class Example

• Determine the ion that forms for fluorine after the Octet Rule has been satisfied.

Table Talk

• Determine the ion that forms for nitrogen after the Octet Rule has been satisfied.

Stop and Jot

• Determine the ion that forms for oxygen after the Octet Rule has been satisfied.

Ion Shortcut!

• All elements in the same group form ions with the same charge.

SUMMARIZE

The Octet Rule Song

Rally Coach

1) Each of you will pair up with the person that is across from you.

2) Pick who is Partner A and who is Partner B.3) You will grab a whiteboard and a marker.4) When I say go. Partner A will read the question

aloud to Partner B. Then, Partner A will walk Partner B through the steps that need to be taken to get the final answer. MAKE SURE TO DO ALL THE STEPS!

5) I will call time after 30 seconds and each pair will raise their board in the air.

6) After I ask groups about your answers, the partners switch roles and Partner B does the questioning and reasoning and Partner A does the writing.

Question 1

• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for Neon.

Question 2

• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for Sulfur

Question 3

• Determine the number of electrons Phosphorus would gain or lose to satisfy the octet rule.

Question 4

• Determine the number of electrons magnesium would gain or lose to satisfy the octet rule.

1.4 Homework

• Spend 5 minutes to get started on your homework and pratice for the exit slip.

Exit Slip

1. How are elements arranged on the periodic table? Why? (answer in complete sentences)

2. Draw the Bohr structure for Phosphorus

3. How many electrons must this phosphorus atom gain/lose to satisfy the Octet Rule? What will the charge of its ion be?

4. What is wrong with the drawing to the right?

Exit Slip Answers

1. Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number on the periodic table. The reason is because the atomic number makes each element unique.

Exit Slip Answers

2.

Exit Slip Answers

3. The phosphorus atom must gain 3 electrons to satisfy the octet rule. The charge of the ion is 3- or -3.

4. The drawing on the right should have 8 electrons in the second shell (and none on the third). The 5 electrons on the outside should be in this second shell instead.

Rate Yourself

• Based on the exit ticket and your current level of understanding, rate yourself 1 – 4 on LT 1.4

• Also, please rate yourself on LT 1.1 – 1.3

Reminders!

1. Write down today’s homework: Homework: 1.4 – The Octet Rule and Ions due Wednesday

2. Quiz on LTs 1.1-1.4 on Wednesday!