case of homestays in coorg. property rights issues
TRANSCRIPT
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SUSTAINABLE TOURISM(CASE STUDY OF HOMESTAYS IN
COORG)Environmental Manaement !ro"e#t
Gro$% & ' Se#tion C
An$r Sin!G!*&+*&,-
.al/ani !!G!*&+*&01
Tar$n !raa2
!G!*&+*&30Sri4ar S ! Picture courtesy : The Tamara, Coorg
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AGENDA
Aim
• Defnition and Signifcance :•
Eco-tourism and its sustainability• omestays
!hat
• Need "or Eco-tourism• Policies by the central and state go#ernment "or sustainable tourism• $ele#ance o" Go#ernment%s &ntroduction o" omestays
o'
• (iterature $e#ie':• Sustainable Eco-tourism Practices ) Case o" !aynad• &m*act and challenges o" omestays ) Case o" +alaysia
• ield isit ) Study o" Coorg
$esult
• &m*act o" homestays on all direct, indirect and induced sta.eholders• $ecommendations o" a better model/ &m*ro#ement o" current "rame'or.
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01EST&2NS
1sage o" $esources by locals #s3 Gro'th o" Tourism ) Can *ro*erty rights be success"ullyim*lemented4
!hat are the e5isting "ormal institutions 6i73*olicies8 go#erning tourism, *articularlyhomestays4!hat is the im*act o" decentrali7ation in
tourism sector, s*ecifcally 'ith res*ect tohomestays4
Can there be a better model to ensure tri*lebottom line in tourist areas4
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Sustainable Tourism Development meets the needs of present tourists, hostregions while protecting and enhancing opportunity for the future. It isenvisaged as leading to management of all resources in such a way thateconomic, social and aesthetic needs can be fullled while maintainingcultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity and lifesupport systems. Sustainable tourism products are products which are
operated in harmony with the local environment, community and culturesso that these become the beneciaries not the victims of tourism
Steady gro'tho" 939 a yearbet'een ;
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Economiciability
SocialEFuity
Em*loyment0uality
(ocalPros*erity
(ocalControl
isitorulfllment
Community
!ellbeing
Cultural$ichness
Physical&ntegrity
iologicalDi#ersity
En#ironmental Purity
+a.ing Tourism+ore Sustainable )
A Guide "or Policy+a.ersHPa*er by 1nitedNationsEn#ironmentProgram 61NEP8
and 1nitedNations !orld
Tourismorgani7ation61N!T28
S1STA&NA(E T21$&S+
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Sustainable Tourism in &ndia
Sustainable
Tourism
Go#ernment o" &ndia
guidelines
Carryingca*acity
(ocalcommunity*artici*atio
n
Anthro*ogenic
character!ater
har#esting
nationalIinternationa
l tourism*ractices
&nstitutionalcertifcation
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STAJE2(DE$ +AP
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9at are te
#$rrent %oli#ie2aimin at
2$2taina:le to$ri2m;
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•
Policies and strategies "or &ndia%s tourism at national,state and district le#el3
• National tourism as a tool "or *o#erty reduction
- Positioning and maintaining tourism de#elo*ment asa national *riority acti#ity
- Enhancing and maintaining the com*etiti#eness o"&ndia as a tourism destination
- &m*ro#ing &ndiaKs e5isting tourism *roducts ande5*anding these to meet ne' mar.et reFuirements
- Creation o" 'orld class in"rastructure- De#elo*ing sustained and eLecti#e mar.eting *lansand *rogrammes3
P2(&C I &NST&T1T&2NS
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• +oE and Go& did set u* Protected Areas 6PAs8 in the"orm o": – National *ar.s, 'ildli"e sanctuaries
– Community reser#es and conser#ation reser#es
• &neLecti#e: – (arge *o*ulations o" indigenous *eo*le and "orest d'elling
communities 'ere dis*laced
– Traditional li"estyles and access to "orest based resources lost
– Protected areas 'ere later o*ened u* "or tourismacti#ities
&$2N&C P2(&C &NTE$ENT&2NS
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• De#elo*ment o" ecotourism based on *ublic*ri#ate *artnershi*s 6PPP8
- Mainly by the private sector and government asfacilitator
- ormation of land ban!s, Special Tourism "reas#ST"$,
formation of Development "uthorities #D"$, andstreamlining
procedures for ma%imum e%pansion• &elevant clause for homestays
- To increase accommodation capacity for touristin heritage places
- Minimally regulated non-commercial activity
JA$NATAJA T21$&S+ P2(&C 6;
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Ho< e=e#tive arete2e %oli#ie2;
(&TE$AT1$E $E&E! CASE ST1D 2
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E#onomi# a2%e#t2 o> to$ri2m in4$2trie2 at a lan#e o$r
ma"or 2e#tor2? A##or4in to 2$rve/ #on4$#te4 on 9a/ana4 to$ri2m in ,1&&
Economic beneft sectors to the *oor
3 Economic beneft sectors
•
6+@ o> te re2%on4ent2:elieve4 to$ri2m a2:ro$t an im%rovement onte in>ra2tr$#t$re an4#onne#tivit/
• &6@ o> te total in#ome inte to$ri2m 2e#tor en42 $%
4ire#tl/ te total in#ome in
2o%%in 2e#tor
• 06@ o> te total in#ome intran2%ort 2e#tor
• 8+@ o> te total in#ome in
re#reation 2e#tor• 3?,@ o> te total in#ome in
a##ommo4ation 2e#tor
(&TE$AT1$E $E&E!: CASE ST1D 2!ANAD
(&TE$AT1$E $E&E! CASE ST1D 2
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•
$ise in *rices "or land, "ood and bottled 'aterdue high economic im*act
• De"orestation due to building o" resorts – M@< current homestays and many more unregistered
establishments come u* e#ery other month3
• (oss o" land "or cro*s and li#estoc. "rom theestablishment
• !aste dum*ing has caused natural resourcesto become *olluted and 'ild animals to die
• Timber has been ta.en "rom the "orests to besold
• Non-"unctional and ineLecti#e EDCs center
(&TE$AT1$E $E&E!: CASE ST1D 2!ANAD
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• Ethnic ood Corners- $T cell started t'o "ood corners
near Eda..al ca#es and Poo.ot la.e o*erated by tribalcommunity
• Destination $esource Directory- *re*ared by $T cellco#ered details li.e natural, cultural, historical,geogra*hical, community etc
• esti#al Calendar- $T cell *re*ared a detailed "esti#alcalendar o" maor *ilgrim centers in !ayanad andin"ormation such as history, "esti#als, customs andrituals, tem*le arts etc
•Sou#enir De#elo*ment- $T cell has de#elo*ed threety*es o" sou#enirs li.e s*ice .its, etching o" Eda..alCa#es and CoLee stum* *roducts
• isitor +anagement Plan "or Eda..al Ca#es in order tomanage the tourist ino' at Eda..al
• Plastic *ollution control *rogram in Soochi*ara
$ESP2NS&(E T21$&S+ &N&T&AT&E AT !AANAD
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1nion
budget;@a**ro#edMMincrease
in "unds"ortourism
&ntroducti
on o"schemesli.eomestays, oA,
etc3
2+ESTAS
G2E$N+ENT &NTE$ENT&2N
The conce*t o"
omestay is'hereby a tourist
stays together 'iththe host "amily andinteracts 'ith the
local community "ora reasonable
charge3
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I2 im%lementin a
Home2ta/ a 2moot2ail;
(&TE$AT1$E $E&E! CASE ST1D 2
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Desa +urniSanggang
Desa +urniSonsang
Desa +urni
Jerdau
Desa +urni
Jetam
Desa +urniPeranga*
Traditional elements,Cultural as*ects
Need to im*ro#eeconomic
sustainability o" rural*o*ulation
De#elo* and mar.ethomestays/'ampong
s
(&TE$AT1$E $E&E!: CASE ST1D 2+A(AS&A
(&TE$AT1$E $E&E!: CASE ST1D 2
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&m*act
Chea*Accommodatio
n to tourists
Sho' o" richculturalheritage
Community&n#ol#ement
enchmar. "or
other countriesto *romoterural tourism
etter&n"rastructure
in tourist areas
Challenges
+isconce*tiono" omestay*rogramme
+ethod o"Payment
1nbalancedDemogra*hy
Passi#eCommunity
(eadershi*Problems,&n"ormal
2rgani7ationalStructure
&ntrageneration #s3
&nter
Generationalsustainability o"ecologicalim acts
C
o m m u n i t y b a s e d
T o u r i s m
Direct
Em*loymento**ortunities
S*illo#er eLectson businesses
&ncreases&ncome le#els
$educes thele#el o" Po#erty
&ncreasedecologicalsensiti#ity
Ty*ology o"Partici*ation
GenuinePartici*ation
Em*o'erment
SymbolicPartici*ation
Partnershi*
&nteraction
Consultation
Non*artici*atio
n
&n"orming
+ani*ulatio
n
(&TE$AT1$E $E&E!: CASE ST1D 2+A(AS&A
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Atithi Programme ) TourismPolicy o" ;
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Can te2e mo4el2
:e a%%lie4 toCoor;
CASE 2 CE(AA$ $&E$ AND !ATE$A((S AT
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• eauti"ul 'ater"alls onthe rahmagiri "orestrange in 'estern ghats
• elongs to ira*et Talu.o" Coorg district
•
Presently statego#ernment o'ns the*ro*erty rights
• y rule, anything that hasroc. and 'ater in'ilderness belongs to
state go#ernment• $oad to access the same
is through *ri#ately heldcoLee estates
CASE 2 CE(AA$ $&E$ AND !ATE$A((S ATCEANDANE, C22$G
1NG(E+21NT ADENT1$ES JAJJAE ESTATES
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1NG(E+21NT ADENT1$ES, JAJJAE ESTATES,CEANDANE, C22$G
1NG(E+21NT ADENT1$ES JAJJAE ESTATES
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• +r3 Sagar Gana*athy o'ns unglemount
ad#entures, a homestay cum ad#entureresort• Among the ad#enture acti#ities are !ater"all
ra**elling, roc. climbing, $i#er crossing,Qi*lining on Chela#ara ri#er
• Permission "or acti#ities not nee4e43Pro*erty rights4
• !aste management *ractises: – Plastic bags and other *lastic 'aste burnt –
(iFuor bottles sent "or recycling – Negati#e e5ternalities o" burning *lastic4
No one accounts "or it• &s *art o" ira*et omestay o'ners
association, but due to local *olitics and lo'
social ca*ital, does not in#ol#e in the
1NG(E+21NT ADENT1$ES, JAJJAE ESTATES,CEANDANE, C22$G
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C22$G S1++E$ PA(ACE 2+ESTA, CEANDANE, C22$G
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• Some *ractices: –
Dra'ing 'ater directly "rom Chela#ara ri#er to use "or estateand home stay
– CoLee nursery "or sale and *ersonal use
– $oc. Fuarry to e5*loit the a#ailable boulders
– 2#erly gro'n trees utili7ed as fre'ood
Possibility o" moneti7ation by local
go#ernments, i" *ro*erty rights areresent
C22$G S1++E$ PA(ACE 2+ESTA, CEANDANE, C22$G
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Procedure to start a omestay as mentioned by+ D Nannaiah:• Permission "rom res*ecti#e Grama Panchayat3
No *ayments to be made• No *ermission needed "rom State go#ernment• $egistration 'ith tourism and *olice
de*artment3 &nstallation o" CCT com*ulsory• No ta5 collected "rom re#enue contributed by
home stay• early *ayment o" $s3 ;
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The ram*ant and rec.less"elling o" trees since ;
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• uilding and "acilitating community basedinstitutions to assess tourism im*acts at localle#el 6to monitor, manage and regulate im*acts8
• Gram Sabhas to engage 'ith there*resentati#es and negotiate *o'er structures"or more e5ible tourism
• Eco De#elo*ment Committees 6EDCs8 and
#illage "orest council to *lay acti#e role inmanagement o" tourist destination in "orestareas
2! DECENT$A(&QAT&2N CAN &+P$2EEECT&ENESS4
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Ho< #an
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• Addressing the *ro*erty rights issue: – (icensing o" tourist s*ots on to *ri#ate *arties under PPP
models3
• Addressing e5ternalities through institutional "rame'or.: – &n#ol#e tribals "or ad#enture acti#ities
– Strict in#entorying o" *lastic items carried 'hile entering "orest
– ormali7ing associations o" homestay o'ners as dri#ers o"en#ironmentally res*onsible beha#iour
– Creation o" Eco De#elo*ment Committee as in !aynad%s case
– Creating certifcation system 6*re"erably national8 asrecommended by !orld Tourism 2rgani7ation ) en#ironmentalindicatorsto "orm .ey com*onent o" such certifcations
$EC2++ENDAT&2NS
$EE$ENCES
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• +a.ing Tourism +ore Sustainable ) A guide "or *olicy ma.ers6htt*://'''3une*3"r/shared/*ublications/*d"/DT&5=-;3
• !estern Ghats de#elo*ment *rogramme in
Jarnata.a6htt*://'atershed3.ar3nic3in/'esghatde#*rg3htm8• Da#idar, P3, Arunan, +3, +ammen, P3 C3, Garrigues, 3 P3, Puyra#aud, 3 P3, I $oessingh, J3
6;8, >@BM3
• $A+AJ$&SNA, D3 6;;83 Jarnata.a tourism *olicy ;@-;M9, December ;