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1) Organization : A social unit of people, systematically structuredand managed to meet a

need or to pursue collectivegoals on a continuing basis. All organizations have a

managementstructurethat determines relationshipsbetween functions andpositions, and

subdivides and delegates roles, responsibilities, and authority to carry out defined tasks.

Organizations are open systemsin that they affect and are affected by the environment

beyond their boundaries.

2) Elements :

3) Management : Management is the act of getting people together to accomplish

desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and

effectively.

4) Function of management: planning , organizing, leading, controlling

Organizational work

5) Stratege activities : stratege works with you to enable you to implement

successful ... Projects are a series of planned activities with clearly definedstart ...

Topic 1) wages dilemma of garment industry in Bangladesh including a fewsuggestions2) performance appraisal system : A study in my organization3) Performance appraisal in Bangladesh

6) Function of management?Ans:Planning

It is the basic function of management. It deals with chalking out a future course of action& deciding in advance the most appropriate course of actions for achievement of pre-determined goals. According to KOONTZ, Planning is deciding in advance - what to do,

when to do & how to do. It bridges the gap from where we are & where we want to be.

A plan is a future course of actions. It is an exercise in problem solving & decisionmaking. Planning is determination of courses of action to achieve desired goals. Thus,

planning is a systematic thinking about ways & means for accomplishment of pre-

determined goals. Planning is necessary to ensure proper utilization of human & non-

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human resources. It is all pervasive, it is an intellectual activity and it also helps in

avoiding confusion, uncertainties, risks, wastages etc.

1. Organizing

It is the process of bringing together physical, financial and human resources anddeveloping productive relationship amongst them for achievement of organizational

goals. According to Henry Fayol, To organize a business is to provide it with everythinguseful or its functioning i.e. raw material, tools, capital and personnels. To organize a

business involves determining & providing human and non-human resources to the

organizational structure. Organizing as a process involves:

Identification of activities. Classification of grouping of activities.

Assignment of duties.

Delegation of authority and creation of responsibility.

Coordinating authority and responsibility relationships.2. Staffing

It is the function of manning the organization structure and keeping it manned. Staffinghas assumed greater importance in the recent years due to advancement of technology,

increase in size of business, complexity of human behavior etc. The main purpose o

staffing is to put right man on right job i.e. square pegs in square holes and round pegs inround holes. According to Kootz & ODonell, Managerial function of staffing involves

manning the organization structure through proper and effective selection, appraisal &

development of personnel to fill the roles designed un the structure. Staffing involves:

Manpower Planning (estimating man power in terms of searching, choose theperson and giving the right place).

Recruitment, selection & placement.

Training & development. Remuneration.

Performance appraisal.

Promotions & transfer.3. Directing

It is that part of managerial function which actuates the organizational methods to work

efficiently for achievement of organizational purposes. It is considered life-spark of theenterprise which sets it in motion the action of people because planning, organizing and

staffing are the mere preparations for doing the work. Direction is that inert-personnel

aspect of management which deals directly with influencing, guiding, supervising,motivating sub-ordinate for the achievement of organizational goals. Direction has

following elements:

Supervision

Motivation Leadership

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Communication

Supervision- implies overseeing the work of subordinates by their superiors. It is the act

of watching & directing work & workers.

Motivation- means inspiring, stimulating or encouraging the sub-ordinates with zeal towork. Positive, negative, monetary, non-monetary incentives may be used for this

purpose.

Leadership- may be defined as a process by which manager guides and influences the

work of subordinates in desired direction.

Communications- is the process of passing information, experience, opinion etc from

one person to another. It is a bridge of understanding.

4. Controlling

It implies measurement of accomplishment against the standards and correction of

deviation if any to ensure achievement of organizational goals. The purpose of

controlling is to ensure that everything occurs in conformities with the standards. An

efficient system of control helps to predict deviations before they actually occur.According to Theo Haimann, Controlling is the process of checking whether or not

proper progress is being made towards the objectives and goals and acting if necessary, to

correct any deviation. According to Koontz & ODonell Controlling is themeasurement & correction of performance activities of subordinates in order to make

sure that the enterprise objectives and plans desired to obtain them as being

accomplished. Therefore controlling has following steps:

. Establishment of standard performance.. Measurement of actual performance.

. Comparison of actual performance with the standards and finding out deviation if

any.. Corrective action.

7) Performance appraisal evaluationAns:8) Definition of performance appraisal?Ans:

Performance appraisal is the process of obtaining, analyzing and recording informationabout the relative worth of an employee. The focus of the performance appraisal ismeasuring and improving the actual performance of the employee and also the future

potential of the employee. Its aim is to measure what an employee does.

According to Flippo, a prominent personality in the field of Human resources, "performanceappraisal is the systematic, periodic and an impartial rating of an employees excellence in

the matters pertaining to his present job and his potential for a better job." Performance

appraisal is a systematic way ofreviewingand assessing the performance of an employee

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during a given period of time and planning for his future.

It is a powerful tool to calibrate, refine and reward the performance of the employee. It helps

to analyze his achievements and evaluate his contribution towards the achievements of theoverall organizational goals.

9) Importance performance appraisal

Ans:IMPORTANCE OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL IN CURRENT SCENARIO

Managing employees performance is an integral part of the work that all managers and rating

officials perform throughout the year. It is as important as managing financial and other

resources of the organisation because employees performance has a positive or negative impact

on the growth of the organization as well as effect the proper utilization of other resources of theorganizations to know about the performance of the employees a better way is to adopt

performance appraisal system i.e. widely accepted in organizations nowadays

For launching or applying performance appraisal in the organization the first step is to identifyorganization goals and explains them to the employees along with individual goal, the time

period by which goals must be achieved and ways or methods by which their performance is

going to be evaluated. It will bring transparency between employer and employee regarding the

usage of performance appraisal system in the organisation.Employees must be ensured that goodperformance will bring some reward for them and in other cases, ways will be explained to

improve the performance to achieve the desired level.

10) Method of performance11) Process of performance evaluationAns:12) Errors13) How to overcome errors of performance appraisal14)