carnot-batteries• carnot batteries are an emerging technology for the inexpensive and...

Carnot-Batteries

> 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019

10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue ForumWTC Conference Center, Tokyo

DLR.de • Folie 1

Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR)

German Aerospace Center

Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics | Thermal Process Technology

Dan Bauer

[email protected]

DLR.de/tt/en

One important element for the energy transition of the electricity sector:

Site independent, cycle-resistant, inexpensive storage of electrical energy

However:

Heat sector?

are there similar technological solutions to bidirectional Vehicle-to-grid (V2G)

for the coupling of the electricity and heat sectors?

Motivation

?

> 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019DLR.de • Folie 2

• Carnot Batteries are an emerging technology for the inexpensive and site-independent

storage of electric energy at medium to large scale.

• A Carnot Battery transforms electricity into heat, stores the heat in inexpensive storage

media like water or molten salt and transforms the heat back to electricity when required.

It is the application “electricity storage” for the component “thermal energy storage”

It can be a tool for power & heat energy management

What is a „Carnot Battery“?

DLR.de • Slide 3 > 10th German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum, 29/30 October 2019, Tokyo >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019

Technological concepts

DLR.de • Slide 4

A transformation can be:

• a heat pump based on a

Brayton cycle

• a heat pump based on a

Rankine cycle

• another kind of heat pump

• direct resistance heating

B heat storage can be:

• molten salt storage

• latent heat storage

• regenerator storage

• another kind of heat storage

• a combination of different

kinds of TES

C transformation can be:

• a Brayton cycle

• a Rankine cycle

• another kind of heat powered

cycle


Examples


...

+ several scientific concepts

Siemens Gamesa ETES

Source: B&P

MAN ETES

Source: MAN SE

Google-X Malta

Source: Google-X

One example:

Sector coupling with Smart District Heating


charge discharge

Project activities:

Development and analysis of different system

combinations including a techno-economic

assessment

Development of business models

(on European level)

Construction and operation of a first-of-its-kind

laboratory pilot system at DLR

European project H2020 CHESTER 2018-2021


New Annex “Carnot Batteries” in the framework of the

International Energy Agency IEA


• ~ 40 participants…

• …from 12 member

countries

Systems are technologically diverse; so far there is no uniform technology, since the

applications are very different.

There is an enormous potential, both for the electricity and heat sectors, as well as for

the coupling and flexibilisation of both sectors

The technology readiness level (TRL) is still very low.

there is still a lot to do, technically and economically!

test sites and pilot plants are needed

Conclusions


Thank You!


Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR)

German Aerospace Center

Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics | Thermal Process Technology

Dan Bauer

[email protected]

DLR.de/tt/en


Backup

Participating and interested companies and organizations

DLR.de • Slide 12

* TBC


country company / organization

Belgium Liege University, Uni Gent

Denmark PlanEnergi, DTU, Aaalborg University

France CEA

Germany Chemnitz University of Technology Project Management Jülich (PtJ)

Erlangen University German Energy Agency (DENA)

Fraunhofer ISE, UMSICHT, IFAM Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy

German Aerospace Center DLR Steinmüller Engineering

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)* Stuttgart University

Kraftblock Technische Universität Berlin

MAN Energy Solutions* Zittau/Görlitz University of Applied Sciences

Italy CNR-ITAE, University of Pisa, ENEA

Japan Hokkaido University

South Korea Korea Institute of Energy Research

Netherlands TNO-ECN

Sweden Climeon, Rise*

Switzerland MAN Energy Solutions

UK Birmingham University, Highview Power, Durham University*

USA Malta Inc, NREL, US Bipartisan Policy Center*


Planned IEA ECES Annex

Carnot Batteries

Subtask A

Rankine Batteries

• Identification of cycle designs

• Boundary conditions for TES

• Elaboration of R&D demand

Subtask B

Brayton Batteries

• Identification of cycle designs


• Elaboration of R&D demand

Subtask C

Other concepts and

combinations• Identification of system concepts


Subtask E

Cross-cutting issues

• Life cycle assessment

• Political regulations, CO2, hearts and minds

• Technology to market

• Dissemination

Operating Agent:

Dan Bauer (DLR)

Lead:

Adrienne Little

(Malta Inc)

Subtask D

Market analysis and

energy system

• Identification of services that can/should be

provided by Carnot Batteries

• Sector coupling options

• Transition of fossil and solar power plants

Subtask 0

Definitions

Lead:

Yulong Ding (Uni Birmingham) Lead: Uni Newcastle?

• KPIs

• State of the art with strong focus on thermal energy

storage

Lead:

Salvatore Vasta

(CNR-ITAE)

Operating Agent:

Dan Bauer (DLR)

Lead:

Kurt Engelbrecht (DTU)

Structure of the proposed Annex

DLR.de • Slide 13 > 10. Deutsch-Japanisches Umwelt- und Energiedialogforum >Dan Bauer >30.10.2019

Lead:

Adrienne Little

(Malta Inc)

carnot-batteries• carnot batteries are an emerging technology for the inexpensive and...

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