carl b. “happy” vickers oral history interview jfk #1, 7 ......carl b. “happy” vickers oral...
TRANSCRIPT
Carl B. “Happy” Vickers Oral History Interview –JFK #1, 7/27/1965
Administrative Information
Creator: Carl B. “Happy” Vickers
Interviewer: William L. Young
Date of Interview: July 27, 1965
Place of Interview: Fayetteville, West Virginia
Length: 39 pp.
Biographical Note
Vickers, Carl B. “Happy”; Democratic Executive Committee chairman, Fayette County,
West Virginia (1960). Vickers discusses John F. Kennedy’s [JFK] presidential campaign
in Fayette County, West Virginia, compares it to Hubert Humphrey’s campaign, and
discusses the religious, political, and economic dynamics of the county and their effect on
JFK’s campaign, among other issues.
Access Restrictions
No restrictions.
Usage Restrictions
According to the deed of gift signed December 29, 1969, copyright of these materials has
been assigned to the United States Government. Users of these materials are advised to
determine the copyright status of any document from which they wish to publish.
Copyright
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questions concerning copyright to the reference staff.
Transcript of Oral History Interview
These electronic documents were created from transcripts available in the research room
of the John F. Kennedy Library. The transcripts were scanned using optical character
recognition and the resulting text files were proofread against the original transcripts.
Some formatting changes were made. Page numbers are noted where they would have
occurred at the bottoms of the pages of the original transcripts. If researchers have any
concerns about accuracy, they are encouraged to visit the library and consult the
transcripts and the interview recordings.
Suggested Citation
Carl B. “Happy” Vickers, recorded interview by William L. Young, July 27, 1965, (page
number), John F. Kennedy Oral History Program.
GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS SERVICE
. Gift of Personal Statement
By CARL 5 . ff IC Kl£.'lS
to the
John Fitzgerald Kennedy Library
In accordance with Sec. 507 of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, as amended (44 U.S.C. 397) and regulations issued thereunder (41 CFR 101- 10), I, CARL R, V i cKE!IS hereinafter referred to as the donor, hereby give, donate, and convey to the United States of America for deposit in the John Fitzgerald Kennedy Librai:y, and for administration therein by the authorities thereof, the tape(s) and transcript of a personal statement approved by me and prepared for the purpose of deposit in the John Fitzgerald Kennedy Library. The gift of this material is made subject to the following terms and conditions :
l. Titl e to the material ·transferred hereunder, and all literary property rights, will pass to the united States as of the date of the delivery of this material into the physical custody of the Archivist of the United States .
2. It is the donor's wish to make the material donated to the United States of America by terms of this instrument available for research as soon as it has been deposited in the John Fitzgerald Kennedy Library.
3. A revision of this stipulation governing access to the material for research may be entered into between the donor and the Archivist of the united States, or his designee, if it appears desirable .
4. The material donated to the united States pursuant to the foregoinq.'hall be kept intact pe~•'.1Jtly in the J~~e<ald
Kennedy Library. Signed ./ t/ ~ /IJ. ~U-?d-,
Date . t;~ 1 06.9
Accepted ~~ fl er I JV5 Archivist of the ited
. States
Date
1
Carl B. “Happy” Vickers
Table of Contents
Page Topic
1 Vickers’ interests in John F. Kennedy’s [JFK] presidential
candidacy
3, 6, 39 The Vickers family’s political background
4, 9, 32, 37 Vickers’ role in JFK’s campaign
6, 23, 36 Fayette County and religion
10, 21, 30 Political parties and voters of Fayette County
11, 33 Hubert Humphrey’s presidential campaign versus JFK’s
20 JFK’s campaigning in Fayette County
29 Fayette County’s economy
33 Fayette County’s perceptions of JFK as president
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~·*• a lo\ of ~J4o had 1-.A, am ~ ~ l• 1• tha\ ~ ...,_,t - ~-. ~ .. ~. Am ~ ti. lut Ma - .fttt...
~-- l,Mon»g J*pl.11 ~ dollle .. lo\ ot
~ fOS' th...i-... t.he;r didt;ft ·~
.jot, tho - ~~ .i .. .aated tl1e:a "°• ihe,7 ea Wlr/ ~ 4o'b• • ~ ~ Jol>, of~ CJ'I gtwa at.w.u... D
.. ~ Of' tit .. beci ... ot ~ t&ot
~ t.ho7 lolti ~· cttcN4 .,.. poll~
~. l th.bk '"107 ta!\ he - • ~
~~ 1Mlvtdual .. t.b,a.\cJt •tt ~~ \Mr$ look~ '~· l ~tJYe the1 fel\ t• ~WU~ ot • ,..,., a tf.Kd ol ~ltt
~etive groupe1 ~ that I~ WU ~7
~ of • ohoi.ce fol" h-e*1dent of tlut llli.~
S~te&.
~ 100 OO!UOUt. on ~ Q,f th& people 1'hQ
~ in.to tll,, ¢~ to~ SQbAw ~
l i.w in tdnd Vrankl'ln Die ~ooecWelt, ll1. ·~
~- ~wit. -0~ ~ el• ~ ._ have
tOU to P~tta Cmmt.1.
lfl. '!CDUt :t th!* the7 b&4 • ~ 1Utl~ h9"
" \ I \ '
in the Coun.t3. fte. R'°eewlt. ..-a -.. *• Wl7; 'ft'tt ~ la ~\ts eo.ty. St
~ 1• a« tdU" f'~.- • "~ ot ~ ...
8*dt ta that - ~ .. -~ ..... the1'
~t • !A>t "' th& ~Vol\ .... Wlid
'-*Un» •• h• °* !Jlto tbe Oowl\v .. bt1
did • o~t. JobJ be ltld• • ~ .f'&l&
_..m.oa.. ~a.,. noo~t u•w tb.'6
~7" ., ._. u -~•1- in ho~ ·own
dgbi u ~ t~t. She ......
~w ~ of ·thtt C.ount1. tt• ae~ aeen
•ft enth\1$i1- fo~ art:I' itVUdclual thmJ t~·
wae ~~mQd ~••· &oo""4t.. t ••t i~ t.l*- t~, u be ha4 had b:1e -. ith.olco,
-----... ~ ......... ---....... __ ., -.... ~ --....._ ..... -...-......_
~-
-------------. ... ____ _
--..__ ---•Uld h•1'0 ~t l\ ~--~~to . ·, ......... . ~
~it.u CouatJ> ~ rh. ~~ · s~ dtd.:·:-- - . '1.
" • .. J-cNl. .too. , 'thtt lcd'8 to an:o~ tojio U.t ~
c~• up. Diel the ~ tJt F•tt. ~7
in .fl!q.., ~- of .tnr t4 tht· lt~ '
-~ ... ~ti---nt? - ~~ -.feeling about thU ~ .,. Sid.th the
'R'Oid ~ ~' DW thb work'°'
hta ., ~- Mitt " \
*• ·~i ! ~ .,- that e,,_t-. ~. Yotl
cantt. ~ 1\_ ,.._ .JOUfft -ev.til•UJts
• indld®*\. . w• ·au. 1"ID :i.tc. 1tt.. 1
~tOd. _:l.t. a _.-~ ~. ~- I .flt.i11 go
t.lk. to la1' ~ J)1'1idM ht I ~
~7 --~~-~tbQw
t.td.no~ You~ .. t,bab ~kbg. ~ ( .
~bo--&•~·~· :tcuwtts~
~na-.n ~· kMV he hM ~ ~ .... ..... t!tl~l· esl _, ,., ........
M ne-. ab1R to .U ~,.., ·- 00$ . .
qu:tte ah~ 'bohg. I tld.nk 'M'.at ii~
~n M '4if· el.eeted Pnti<t~t,,
~- 1~ ttl tw ~- l'fl~OilO• W'U idv.U
tlsht• ~ell r4 an t~t ls tl~ ~
. -~-~~ ~~ _. b~N• 01'! did
we.,,~ in ·the~
m. ~.- 'tee,. it. ~~ 1n t.:lo ~ to .. ~-
~ .. -~ dllt~ ~~th!•~.,,.
~h&J~ ho.I 'been 4~· !!at 'We.1'" Md .
~ukly.,. t~ td.th ti.Vil dgbt.d. it
·..,-Ile • ~ ot tb..& a&Ctl• ~ ~
~to,.~ lo.t' .,...., .. ~· .. v .. ta th~ Itd.ne. !he1'v. aona IA aNl wt
or \b$ ~- et.._ toget~.. ~ ltvo4
itl -~t1• t.C>-bet-. The-~q ~.
alt.~~ to• d ..... ,_. ~
t• PQbl.-, W. bav.t no l#p oltt.dJ w
ha~-~~ Jll~f~~-~
aml# w'4 O'Q1" ~ he,~ ~ ~ tq...
p~. The»e tu~ bOOA t-w 4\eh o~ a
·~~-~t.~1~ Diel th& ~~ti tmna ~-~
.,.-~ ·~ ~.,.. .. ~ -~ tnati ~t ba.w ~ ~ u. thl.• .,.,
w.~ t?uln "'o~ ·to ~he ~d.4- tdl;t ~
at~d ta do ~~ Abm\\ eemn\U. -th4\
... d~~1
•~ ~t lti a~ &t ·bl• -~•~~ rel•~•
to not .iv Wen v~ but. to •an Uk• wen ~~. fkt ~cat«i a~~~
._.~ _,,,. <l-Li- ~ ..... _ ~"'- tbat .-.. ... -·~ .... ~. 1qjM; ~ ~""·~· .. .,,~.,..fliH,- .. ~~
~--~---.i.~iw.t
don't. ~. :a. ~ • deep ••tte4 ~·ad.re
to~•~ot~~~th«tdl•
An t,beie ..._.,, and b• ~ ;S,t out., -
~~. ·~~audht'~cto:h,
M dU1 ~ tq to 'help l'SU.~Yit a lo\ -ot
tho~~ t.l$t ~ho.Pt. • ... ·~
-~laU.Vtl ot f>Ur' -ti~ ~,,.lid ~ ·. ~her•~ th1t ~--·· • Wi.M\$'4
t;rn ~q oa~ J ·wu 4t'OW'd hi. h{)W ~'17
1~~~ he WU wl~'l tM -.$ tb9 ~~
~Uf Md ~mt&· ila ~ tb!.$ ~
t tbiPk . ;1t. all' eoe• ... t() the hot that he
' ,, t
~-~'WhoWMW.I ~ld.t.hl.at~
~ela'tt$ ~onditlona aJd to ~ out th.oas
~1tte.ie.
,~ th• ~ ftiNlt.it,, bow d't~oti'Va'Lf
.U.d the ~t;k L~ttone Sa tM ~~1
clo• ~ '~ tbti> ~ ~°"'' *• 11m•st Al tia alJ. -1"'1.ona a 4t ~ .. ~ ...
p,riobP1.7 a littla ~ ot t.\w\• I ~
_., oa t.n. •ie, th~ ~-..a ~ -~ ~tt~ .u. .it•• .,,.,.,. ~ An
~ ~'" -1a w.• v~ ...... ~ w b&vt \~ eeh dttticu\tJ" ~ ~ •
¥.~Wl-~· n..,.. _,.~ta. that
\ha7 ~cue to ~~..a:.·~-
~. !b~ d!An•tt .u. coiae la ~tol1•·
,~WU a llt~Mt d ,fo.t~.t •tt ! tbldt ~ Sn tbe esd ~put ~
~ t,o, ~wheel ad 1Mlt ~
Wbat cmntaottl did 1'JU ha• ld.tb ~ au.~
p.s'OQ ®'Ire~ thO ~aid~~ be
~ ~tlon of tb.:6 efteaiia t.hct ~ty_.
~ 8'~aq ~ t .... aatt<ml ~a. riepo~
Ir~ 1'laet V:br~ 81 ttm ~
) . I
liill-. ~!St: 3(v iU.re&"t q•t!Wt ~th ttm •t:S.~ ~ ••
nttle~ lbl1ted. WQ aro & ~ c6tuit;r:.. t
~ 90rt\e CGntaat wt th tMa hel"n• ~ 1n tq
va~.J• Y:l:dt «t to C.le~n. Hr ~t"l8U
~UM -~ that theJ' di4 .f. ~t.~7
~Job d ~- lt"
Md ~ 4o oott~ in the e~71n tho
~~~~ted?
l~ •tbn• dtd..t.v.t. u-U uwo
~six""'**~ the~ al.M
u.on. l$ 2 .eatd in ta• ~; WO ·~
~ teo:a ,_.tcbJ acborlr tn ~t. ~t-,
~ k~ ~- lt .. .141. ~~ <Jt .
~ nthei" tharl ao1rlB ltlt.11 ._, ,... ...
%t ~ ~ ttl tl\t:!M ~lie ~ Nd to
'btdl.d; an4 it ~ that (llft.l'T 4V .i~ t~
Gi lliOflt •olor ~ ~ .mct0 ~· 1
ththk th.a\ he. did a cw.idltablo $ol1 6f' UNtli.nc
'h11i ~ ~ to thf titl3t!oa #l4 'ld.•
~l\t\b \() reU~. Ro ~ ~ ~·
to \he~' Ot¥l eveqdaYw bed---·
JOOJila Wb4 ~ Mt just, ~Urt bl& -..th~lo
\ I:
•• toum1 were thea ~ aot.tw ..... ~ .Nl!atowt
aitacbtaera.t? CCIU14 ~ ew.1.uat.e· the N._t
ter trheltt .aottvit,1?
Mil.- Vlccmt>l it ,._ ~ twotCl14. Ve h-1 • g«d W.t..
Qt Mt4:titJ" 1>1' people -.bo nol't118U.7 4lct ta"\
40.lllUC:h.. % ttd.nk ibat .. ~ ~
hov tMn7 othen be-. eqaat1'" •• uuve W.
"Weft not, .. a cat.hoU.-. l ~ bill.-. lo8$D& 'back • .,. ~--- ~' ~ ~ 8" ~"'11'414 _,diva .Uve a \DIP
1111.otton tnu l have ·~ ... .,.,.,..
How ~ ot ~ people Wo Md rd NBD
aoUvo in politlo• :r~ atS.ve? Mrtf'e
._- new ;iQ,Uthal. ~ ..,..ea 1n the
~.iott.b•l~~
a. VSCDRS• I <1on•t ball•• ea. i ~ ttter _,.. ...u people - ·•~~ wcJ!ken ml ~ta - •
b-1 ~ tlk• a ~!ve pot;. The7 W>tefl
-1 t-4 ~ to IJleetinp. 8\1,\ thq ~
._.., .n.bu~ int_..at-4 ift the
,,... am btentW b hint. I tbl* tb6
NU~ Mg1e tded t,o, bac1cth-e a little
bit J,n OlU' ..... Vo\ ~- but. the
~MOP!• 1*• • wq ol ta~ the . \Wd~. in vi• et ine wq h4J, hlnd18' the
ntuaU.cm, an Ultal lot.. ot ~who ~ , would have ... .....,.,.\, pMjwU.oed, 1....S
owr ·the othe~ ,,,.,., t~ tbll\ U be ~
bindle ti that-.,, t'hell *>N powr to~
•• ~ lbw ~ acf4.vit7 dtd t1* ~ .. ta
~- Cmmt7 ... !at.? ~uatct the . ,
nlatf.ft ~ ~ lJJ' the< vol.UteflN
U O~Uoll M Mgul$r ~pal'IJ•
JCR~ UGCIUh 'ProP6l"tionatel7, 1t ~ be & litU. hU4
to 119• Aa l eatA, th .. .., _.. ot i~ \1-
l t.v• ewr 8QQ Mf01Jt4• _.., % tbblc,, DJOM
ot :l~ ~ ,l'l:t •W7 _, ._,.. We bid &U
tho vol.taateiu- t«>rken that • h'4 .,- uee
for. · P~ ottered fret .m.ooas ,_pl.e·
ott&l4ed hee Ul11J peopl.e Qf'l'e:recl to cmetk
vot--• peopl~l uttered to do ~. A
lbt :ot ~l>l.• who ordiml'117 ~ have t., ~
o..- pq to do ~td.ni&b Wf& ~t.ereltod ta.
doing vhateve~ tbe7 c®ld ~ belp. . Wo batl
• good. i.nt7 \o twent7 ... flft pttr cent ~
ettort.
~ tio tho polls~ ot ~Uoa
~U•i•~·
.. '1CllRSt it. 1•. l ~ tldd; .,.. - owmlo it.#
l:ftlt we have to pat toz.th Clldte au dto»t lft
V.~tt. Colmtt' l>eqauee ~ people Uw a
tw ~ ~ pol.la. A at et' th$8 i.w no
_,. '4' a•tUn& there.
i•a lik• wp_. to~,._-.~
• -~ *'°' 1tl the. 4We& ot ~ tild.eh
keepe ~ \JP• . War. tbeH ...... 'b7 .• ·
~ sdJd.aten tba-t ...,. atl...QlthoUo?
What aboU~ the~ ~riq that
nover !'eaabe• ~ o,_. ~ ~ta· th\'t
- - - ------------~ - --... -- - --·- ··---- - --- 111R·; ·u~1 TheJ!9. ~both 1n.tb.at eieeit.oa.... wo had
\he~ qtlitrt. ~~. ~·
.~It\ that .mt·-· 8 ... ~ to gala ., ..... lt lt coU1d ha'v.:1 tb.eJ"
w&t4d bl.• aeoelenttct ii. m:at it n.ve• tootc
"°~• We bfa4 11C119 wrt ~ ~ t4
tho cl~ ln -- (>f ~ ~ ~
~who .Se open~ to.~M
1lPoft th.ob peop\• that. tll.Q" w,sh't to ~
w11.h -..,t.la.
eouw 10\l ~ Ja a--1. tlNll tU ~
ot t.lt• ~and the--~ of~•~
Wba'\ ._.. the ~~ ol>J..U.-, U4 ,._
~~~olt.teotl~
._ ~t itat.•• a l.lttle- bl\ ~ to --~· tt
V6tl mo~ t.lcms the ~ tttAt,- --- he. ·
-. a Cath.U.O -1 ot C.tllo:U.o ~'
be 'WOU1d ·bet~ b7 Ule c~ - ake
l'lQ ~. about lt. - be V4Ul4 b$ and -.. '~
to • o~ oo ~·t ._,.in thcJ ~11. i l.~ of pt0p'l-e lllOll14 ~t 'Oft \be tut that,,
U l,a wan P"'1de.nt* b6 '4 be d1$'t$4 to b7
-,
pb~$ hish !a tb ·~ ~ WOt4d. 111)\ ~
ru11l u n. ~-- to. or ~-. thft -..
~ OWi' 1Jt4t-~M~f ; Ve V~ it. L~ ~"
preea am~tt~W. ~- ~-.a~
Ol ~ ~t.ed ~ ~ vatf!OWS l~
,,... ~ th~ h• ,.. • fine-.. ~ Swat
~t - ..... h• ~ to ,... ct "ha
~~&ton, -4 he oouJ4ritt be~. !bat
t.ype ot thtna. Some of the. cmtrohel ~ O\l\
hbta tb&t the people *°'4d °" wtq ... tul.
-, ot_.._. theJ'· *" ~~ ! th1* ~ tldrp
-au. ~~ · 1 b•t tmaw ot • ~ ttd.all
that~ ---•·&i-. ttat ·u.m. . l . -
-~ t.he ..,.. ot it. • · hid, \ha ~ . , .
t.M•Ue~ •
... the·-~ Of '1\t»p. JQ'.l ~ ~'
-~i\ t;OW.qa aa t•-1 aid to ed.utattQn.- t.be _
Ca~ a1t1twkt tl> blMa ao~ ._ tAt a ···
-~ly IO~W ~vol. - .t .th& o14
~I abmtt il 1'4tb &Id ~ ttlllMl· H 'ta l1hll$ ~?
{ .\
~m. 'VICKW-JJ.t i~a. ~ ~ o JJ.t~le hit ~ ew:t"rtft.fd.ft.!~
It wt Qlli~ ~. bttt. =et ot it was ~
t~ bactk ~ that . ~~tl.¥ M$ ~Gt«l
t~ tb& ~ that th6 e&thttlfe el~h,
~ of' it$ ~aati<.'<ll,, prett.7 wU
d'l~ to it..• ~hers what tnor ~ _tQ d~.,
TMt. _,. ~ ~ aot. be • ~n :t know
~~ ~ u.: catholic c~. 'lhat'•
MR.~. ·
tlJt tJP ot t~ thq "\1'1'li w pi.li ~~- ~
..... 1J.t et~_. ft!ot.tn gc1B8 to ~ot • -..
f()~ ~ 'f!l'hO. '411 lwt ~t.ed to b7 ~ ..
<n4 _.. ~· n .(1.1 BOd ~ " ~t,
l .'1lf.dt.
WU. thette .., ~•n•• at1otl& t..tul ~
1tt \t~ d~ 41 &nt4-ClthQlttdlid
T~ -..e scme 4Ufcrent.1e.Uon. ~ ._ ~-
J"\l ~ llOtbSQf IOllG ot the ~- WEIN a. Uttlo bit _,. •tie ~ ._. of \t-.. ~
a- met~~ $ld b&Vft bMn ~ acU• :ha it. to"' ..
,._..fll ,~~cm we. ;rattn&r o~ in ~~
, ite t~up OD tho •t.t.PS i?Jt.,. U l -.id •
~~ ~- l ~ M·i 'towl" to ®J.~ . pe.~
..... ·.
a llttl.Q bit ~ !ft tho ethit.-~-..
r .. - ~tht8~111bMt~us> hOe vttb t1'.e t&et ~ JOU - .i,ong the
·~a ... v..u. ~ .. t~ _._ ;• ,,_,t. ~"or~-. a ihea .n. at'l, ~ ~
-. ~ &\J ·~ • tm.o ·t&e toPl!I of the
~ ~ ~ 61•. ~\J ~f.Ue ¢f~t.~J'I
··-~· ~\II) ~"7 t~ ~ ~· hM ~ - -~~'17~·-- itt•·--~
. , .. " ~.
- '-• I• ~""'
~°b7~llnlee-. ~-~~
.- ot0tu-pe~---~a~~. ·~o1 .~..,~---Uft.oth4
. ttauaty ... - --- • ~ ~ an., ~iltm-J)lan~ d .. ~ Vie ~ .. "' ~
fJounty ill the vlllfP Of mo,.. Ve have .a
~1J ot Cttlns, ~ :.t-1es u. ti. -. ~-. We -~:i..• -~~lil
. ,.t,,~,.. ~ .. , ... ~~~ Wttrf~~ -~t. ~·-...U~
~ tihe ~ _ t')f'lftd.n doec•t ~t
-:I»~~~. Alt.hough~
, __
........... ""-........
----- .....___ ... _
~--
) ---...... __ .... ___ .. ~ ~~ -...... _
-·----... ---.......__
--:---------------:.._ -----. ~--:--~~-.
mf•i:na 1• U'lllitecf~,- it 1• $ttl1 ~ ~ .. ---~_:-:=:·:~::::-.:=.::::~:··· .. : :~
~t- ,~,. al.8Q .P167. Pini th$J."ef •
.. A ~ttr ~ c._ql ·tnduatlT 4C'tllft ~ tb$
~ vallq ~11 to Chat;-~ ard to ~
Otd.o a1.,..., ~ ~ ~t. Gl ~-~ poUU.dl
alt~n in ~ t/#1 the -11"1oal. J!Rt.7 ..
th hl11lt7 · -· ~ ~t.oa. .. ,. dboc:tt • ~-~~ ovtr t.b8 ~
S$ bU 1-• rq e:IJ)e»leme ~ the ,_.,.
. *'being • ...u ~-trb., ~··l~
·. ~.ot -~ ~ 1IM in ciota oontut w;tth
.. Dibert~~ot_~-T! ... .
. of th&~· We .... ~ ... 4'Wl7
- ,.... - ~· t~ u... ~ . ..,_ • . ~ o~ tb&f. w ~·~ ~ ~ t.bcJ . . . .....-patt.em .ot .~S-ng pol;t.Udll;r b.v -~
.,:· .
la\'ga ~ ~l'lf&9.0P. pt;~ef
dltte~ ~ Wh.ee * .Qt\. get. t.o&tt\b@ -1
~-~· ~~tbereu~-~•th it. • ... . Jun ~ 4- 1t-. ~ "
. .
-. • matt.- ot daU)f «®t.ao:t• :rn •uh
\
-31-
~ W:!J al~~ <m3 ~ ~7 W'.ntcb 'W!I.
ntoi- t.o P a fl~ 11:711· ~ wJ.11 ~tJ.ae•
bi,, ~ o,r. t~ ~ ~· AU of 011t:
~~ 'ldU •t~ ~t. ~,.look t~m
f4 tt,,.. A lat Gt O\W Mtio.W ,ad ilt4t.G led_..
~ 1.ri-. \'hi• ~ a 1-e\Ol ot ~, our
~ttve ~tteo ~t.• n~ ... do ·
..i.tor ~· We ,(ontt• howovtt)'", go: .t.nto
tJlG !~ cnsl• - ha$g: .,. ... -~
~ w '*> fOJ'th,... d _. ot the .~
tia-. . '?h97 - Yotit UM#, ~t watv. j$ ~
clesro1tttere. ~·-~ot-~
--~~Uon· Vo\44 ~ _, . .-w.. ebl$\· ~ _.. ot
~~·-th• ...... ~ tMll$~ OJt ba411t7 to~-~-.. t.Q ... t
Mlt. Uamm&.t ._ ~ to ~ a ~t t>f ntilQ-~7.
alUI tor • pret.10' ~t ~ ·®' ~ loaa1 · .FJ•
~u.. lf ,_,. f.14$t uto • ~ ~ .QM
a., Qi' t1e O'ft ~$~"rt.la the llh<*J ~t'• . JNttJ' ..,- to ~ a canct~.. ~ ~pl,e,
\)QU\ \M p4i.$1~1 atJ4 tb.otQ 1#ltO _. UtttlNM.84
~ . '.
· 1n ~uu. are ~ illd&~~thlnld.tc ~~. tou haw ~ of • jab eelll~g tm. Oll ~ iol.11.vidaatJ' .fOU ·OllJt\ .i.ta • ~
u .ea!fl1J" .~ ~to Couni7• ~can ill
~-. . When 1.aboi- .-~ .. tbq would
al..e.w th~., Tnq ~ • ~tt7 ~M
~~wt,~ have~ m ~n am aNtt .. .t~ u t.hor' ~ w . ..,__ ~
~··"". ~ Jnh~ ~ tha t.U7
'*-' to .,.~ T0\1-lc• up • ~ tn ,.tte
~t7 la aot. d ...,- to *>.-. X'- .._.,; u it.
1• ~a lot, ot •laantiae.
- ldgbt JIOW beJOftl( tile~.,. .. . ~
blW: .... ~l"" ~- 4tl it..
Ma •. ft~a ?Jo,, 1 beU~ that'& ahou\ all I ha'f.'O to W•
Ma-. ~I :tu tbt. t4ae --- tbs ~· 8M pntl'61
$le~SJ, ·What .a the n&tunl qt ~ MtJ.Wotld
&\'lid .N~ldlttie• in .,. wq ~ tMJ' ldgbt
lxl ~' ·a. Vl~t l-~ ~~t ~I oan pobl\ out ln
wtt~. ot co..-,. ~ •tlvtt.~ -~ th~ p~ qr! tbs ~ 1e8 largel.7 A
•tter ¢f ~ "° oouo~ta ~ t~u _..
Jlt'.~ up .. $)Ff) epota that !Zd.8ktr ed.ah ~
fl" th~. \'he.re .. ~ • ••&bl• ~ ~~ ... l utd. lb ,.,.t'6 ~t7 ~
-. tot- Id.al u wen a ~ of· f!V' wq .U•
i.e.ten. We had tq. lpGtd a &* bl' <ti t4M
t.~ w i*tob au thoiil ~ ap. ar the
U.. it WI ~J-; l-.U.6Ye t.tt.7 ~ 3'o
um. :t etJ.11 gt.• r~. ht(t .-~tr
... to:rc. of ~ .. · ... ..U,t ftJIJI ...
th.a t. ~ - 4U. • WlJ*l -14.
~ ot peoplQ lak a cobeat.w -~~
lt4 ui. to f.U. ... w;. ~ PJ'eald..,,
lfith ft ... \()· *"~ad I'~
tbmt.7 11' ~ - ji\iafeotlatl. -
d~dact!oti 'tdth tb«l ~tfa ~
We ~tt. lird..W to WQf, v~ .. bQt.. thia
~ '-· - &rea b Vllkb ,_ ~t .. ~
~ .aerrt.. ~ tho local wten
~,. Kid the> ~t bed th'I ~---
411 1964, -~ Ida ~ori.tJt .... bee ~'
Wt-lit &oPOQ\a Qf the lft, ~ua ~ to
th~ .l0Ge1 wt~f ~ ,gpaeta of it hid, ltld
~?
im. ttm2*..S1 Our ~-" ~.,. ~. •" ~~
With hill PJ'Q~ - \hat. WblOh ha ~··• ·al'd ~ ~lah he atood lw u4 ~ to a.•-plieh. l ~ - \bit ~ ~- ftoJ't lel\
that • a.s ~ mto ota' ~. n w ~-. u*~U1-wel'O.t4• ~ at•it~ aid--~
Cft# ~ ~ that he ....Senttcnlt41 •li!Jd
~tin tha ~ctt-. U.t ot·00Ul"80· ~ . . -·. · 1:<~-~fi!t f- • - - .. .
a lot ot t.l'dnp for other _..... mt. the-~
W.. ~ our peop1..e . .-. ._ that. h ...
Wit a.-..td.\o tdd ho WM sob& W ~17 to 4e
~ttd.ug • ha ~ trM«. ad· in.a :a..t ,Cl)f ~ .. ... \lo\h '**•ti.~ ... • ~. • •• a.lpetl .. ~.
Cot44 10\l 1* • Utt.19 1e1-. ~ ta ~to _,.tte ~11 Wbat aw ~ ~ ~ *~ ~ 1rd.tht ~at.•~ •-rdA .....
~!'$ ot ·•t.llfa«U.a w,l.th tlw ~-~t
a. n~, et~-, tt --1•• •th lnfU.~J ~
~--.au~~~· ne ~.
~ ~ etf1co, helped~ ~~e-wit.h
tt•iF ~ tO()d• tWJ !na..~ thQ ~~
bl; ~,p.1.- ~' 'lo • :tt>t r;t ~ple t.bat -
~. Wee ·• WJ9" r4~ t&Cecdpl!~t, but
at thet ti.ii,... \le had • gnatt ~ d people -
· ~ ~co J'~ ()f ~ ~t.1.on ...... ~ 1-
~ .i-nw aNM .. .,,. tba:t- ~entt. ~ ei
J$:l ~ ~·~ ftl ·thca ~ '* ... -.. ot U:r~. It._.~_. ·i~ •= 1'Hl ~ stv.ti.g food., poopl.e bod - ..., to
90Jae bore to .-i it. We Md to ao to ti lot
tit '~ to~ &4t lt. to~ ....... ,,,.
~ ~· t•' ~and~~ llftll..
hac4. · $11 ~ taon•~ .of--~ . .
WPi»a '~ 1naultr1' ilJ!t ~ .,.,,.~ .._ ..
MslaV~ $l111td4· :~~
~o ·'WJA 11!1 ~ '11® i~ ~ ~ ua t•
Wv' to- hdp ~WO. "!'hat u ~td.nS • .
b\l\ hf.• ~ ~ ~at.ad to t!e.\p b
~~.~~~--.a.•~~
.-, ttwu -~~t.) .... lttl
uid.# ~ ~" -\'f) ktl\J*t' ~ .... i
:(.,
~t~ bf the V01' ~t tbf1t, --~
WU U!) th~ ~t~Mted 1n thetl.
~ Cl'1tid.iu ~ th~t it lm1'
~. vtatSRSW 4'8 ,fR· • W¢i#b ~ l• ~~-~
-.. ~ Ut~ ~t1U- that l know of.. tie
d.14 • lot. t~~ u, al om" people ~ ~
~f .l'O - ~ t~lin&' b 'ftb• .. l)t
psot ot at• ~ion t~ he WIMJ
~ •b too~ ... vith ~ dv.U
.ftght• ~' ~- hi.-..•~ ~ -~ M.ttle SA ~t.k ~1' ~VO._ hlAt
$1 troubltl "11*~ '4.th· cl.1'11 l"i.gbt9* W•fft
~ ~ &a, - lb .. 'Wlatll eoi.11*~
ta ,et a19l'1G wll. i'l11* i• ~ t.bO ora.,- : . . - .
v.\thbr.l l ~, that ltct - ~ ~ ~
IMtt"' Qt~"' .. ~ t-bfl,\. wet
~~ ,a.1'1 u. 1'-lt v.UJ. tell~ -
rlgbt.. - haWt ,IQ ._. .t;Jt lmafd.q;. .
(Ind 'r4 SW. ~)
WO\IW 3Vt1 ~ tt!Sll the "*' u JW 414
. ~-•li't fin t• ··~ ot ~-. tlat
be~· ot tha ~With ~~t -~
~tt.e ~tyt
••. ft~t ~~· i;1 ~u. O:Nlrt.7 the~ ... ~t. .. ~
ot fft>tettanta. If11 ~. ~ ·lflmt ! ~
now • wba~ I~ ~ the ce'lpltsn. ~ ~ ~toroet _..~'~to
.tl.d ~Olt(t !.n ~tte ~t7, ~
• Pnto ... t.. % t.b1$ tho,- WMted • P.rl'oto~.,
U ~. vbo ,.. MU.• la pc>Utlct fll4
would ~1,-J.BU ~ --· i .... ~ ~t a conatd•lb.1# __..t :of the at it.
Attaf ..,._t:ble tM ~. ~ ~
tolbb~---~~.. ·-1-1.-.~. ~~to tba ~GJ,
that. it -. tho ~ ~ ~ take~·- ~Al~
1••~. tbl•'b•t.tlMtklldd
tM.va that.~.. - ---~, . ..-1t ~f\, ~ tM ..,....p., We ce-.t.•ed
- the -~h ~t ~.,\!la-
.~61d to IJ.O· ahea414tb it. i .-~ t1M
~'WJ.~J"Of ~ tttt O~ ~
!ft th• ~.. i dol\tt ~ ~ .. .,.
~Intl that ~t, on. la ~up, q
! au. rmt t~..,. ~t ~. gt~
L . '
I~ •st at it. wa cUd a t~e or t~
tlM8 be:tw 3ob t.ba PT of u at1oi5*.\ed.
l!o "'" .,, ~ *at thfit fttftlt. l kmtf
he_.*•• 1-at.d ao on•~·ol
~O&it· l sot a ~ 3.ttt.t.w ~ ld.Ja,.
•did ~, ~ tdl to~~ dtGl"tfl
io hl•W.U·
Dl4 )OU, notice ._,. .teluotfB• Oil tM ~ of
-~ ~ tcf '.bl UIOOiaW with
ibt ~ Ol'scwdaiton. f.U.S tl#a
nlW• r4gh'I ~ loul. ~ -~
•• v.tCJtm• ... l ttd.dc theft· tU - .. ~- !Mn
--that~~~tba\I~
~~lMlfl~-. ·~~-it wu the \J'po· ot .ttuatt.oa that. ·~
-.w '° ""4.at.e to bis awe that,, WCta ha
got; - tho 2*Jd ~ 1t .. th.$ Jfl;pt ....
ff t»t.t ho ~ .,~ bjqelf gat.Uttg ..
The -.ttn d~~o,. VW7. Wdl., ~ tt,
~- ...,. ~M11t -1 .... •· !
kn*"• .$ft took !¥> •llill&• l don•i .ktow.- 4f ".' .. ~
.., ~ - tr-1-d to do. 'The ~thing
·ti$ ~ to do h~t"~ •& to Mlt JDbn P•
K~ .u a •Mid•te tw ~dent. DC! ho
d14 • •iw 3.01> ot tellS111 ~ll tbu •
dtd11 It. juet. -~ad tato • ~
.. l ~ O\lt. w ~ n.i. theft ..
._ ~•on ill v OlfJt beeaute Sob~
Mi J\11\ st...-• tnt _.. "~ v~
% w to -" c-. 't.be ~ Wot.hen. ~
. . 41.cl 'tti. td.ckWIM -~-~
ttw .. that. .......... ~ x ..... ~ \.1lfO
_,.... o~~ 3: ~ S.t an tbrt, .,. ~
Mbool. i1ll .U. the _,. ~ colltt&h lt--.r
t.t.o. .v. ~ fol" <tlft.Ot1 074if" • ~~ .,
~p.elah\ ~- l.,._ WB ....... r.- of
~vtoten ..
--~· ft-.f\ .~~~-tb$~
~'
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