caricom security priorities: addressing challenges to prevent and combat trafficking in persons...
TRANSCRIPT
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CARICOM Security Priorities: Addressing CARICOM Security Priorities: Addressing Challenges to Prevent and Combat Challenges to Prevent and Combat
Trafficking in Persons Trafficking in Persons
Committee on Hemispheric Security, April 22, 2013Committee on Hemispheric Security, April 22, 2013
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Issues to Consider!
• Migration patterns and porous borders• Conceptualization of the problem• Push factors• Ratification of international instruments• Enactment of comprehensive national legal
frameworks• Regional information-exchange and
cooperation strengthening
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Caribbean Routes
China, India, Philippines
Europe
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When is it trafficking in persons?
Elements of the Process• ACTIONS: recruitment, transportation, transfer,
harboring/receipt.
• MEANS: threat/use of force, forms of coercion, abduction, fraud, deception, abuse of power, situation of vulnerability, receiving payment.
• PURPOSE: exploitation.
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Types of Exploitation
• Commercial Sexual Exploitation: prostitution in massage parlors, night clubs, bars, karaoke establishments, streets, escorts, etc.• Forced Labor: (labor exploitation) farming, fishing industry, construction, mining, “sweat-shops”, entertainment,.• Domestic Servitude• Exploitation by Beggin• Illicit Trafficking of Organs• Sex Tourism• Minors in Armed Conflicts• Forced Marriages
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Trafficking in Persons
TravelDomestic or throug a transit
country
“Recruiter” Transporter “Host “PropertyOwner
Organize Crime
“Intermediary”Coercion
EXPLOTATION
Trafficking in Persons
Recruitment City or country ofDestination
“Dealer”
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Smuggling of Migrants
• “The procurement, in order to obtain, directly or indirectly, a financial or other material benefit, of the illegal entry of a person into a State Party of which the person is not a national or a permanent resident”
• Implies: illegal entry, fraudulent travel or identity document (falsely made, improperly issued or obtained, used by other than the rightful holder)
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Illicit Smuggling of Migrants
Contract with the Inner
Trafficker Movement
Illicit Illicit SmugglingSmuggling
Travel
Border
Country of OriginCountry of Origin Country of DestinationCountry of Destination
Transit CountryTransit Country
Travel Contract
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Trafficking and Smuggling
. Trafficking
• Not always border crossing
•legitimate or illegmt documents
• Documents withheld• Coercion
• Restrictive movement• Exploitation
• Crime against the Person
Smuggling
• Illegal border crossing•Illegal possession of
documents• Voluntary
• Business transaction• Crime against the
State
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TIP in the Americas: Push Factors.
Domestic ViolenceDysfunctional Families
Unemployment
Impact of Conflict, Natural Disasters
Lack of Education
Poverty
Gender Discrimination
Cultural Traditions and Values
Sexual Demand and LaborExploitationLack of Birth Registry
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OAS - Member States Commitment
• Public policies and strategies to combat TIP•Anti TIP comprehesive law strengthening• Identification of Identification of victimsvictims• Data collectionData collection• Prevention-Prevention-ProtectionProtection
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Moving Forward!
• Awareness-Raising in Public Places
• Consular and Law Enforcement: OAS Training Materials in Curricula
• Inter-Region Information-Exchange Network
• Preventive, Processing, and Protection Measures: Laws
• Participation in High-Level Meetings of National Authorities: work plan implementation
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Contact Information
Fernando Garcia-Robles
Coordinator, Anti-Trafficking in Persons Department of Public SecurityOrganization of American States1889 F. St. N.W. 872 DWashington , D.C. 20006
Email: [email protected]: 202.370.5445Fax: 202.458.3882