cardiomyopathy final
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CADRIOMYOPATHY
Presented by
Whitney Jack
November 20th, 2010
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What is Cardiomyopathy
Cardiomyopathy is a general term used todescribe a diverse group of diseases of theheart muscle.
For most people with Cardiomyopathy, their
hearts don't function normally because theheart has become either enlarged,abnormally thick, or abnormally rigid.
As Cardiomyopathy worsens, the heartbecomes weaker. It's less able to pumpblood through the body and maintain a
normal electrical rhythm. This can leadto heart failure causing fluid to build up inthe lungs, ankles, feet, legs, or abdomen.
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Why I chose this topic
I have an interest in the diseasecardiomyopathy
My grandpa, has been strugglingwith heart disease for the past
twenty year. Through his heartdisease struggle he hasdeveloped the diseasecardiomyopathy.
To further my knowledge in thedisease
Have a better understanding ofcardiomyopathy-Advocate
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Risk Factors for Cardiomyopathy
Coronary artery disease Exposure to toxic agents such
as cocaine, methamphetamines,
and heroin
Heart valve defects
Myocarditis (inflammation ofthe walls of the heart)
Sleep apnea
Sustained, untreated high
blood pressure
Sustained heavy alcoholconsumption
Hemochromatosis, in which iron
is deposited in the cells of the
heart muscle.
Radiation to the chest and
some chemotherapy drugs, such
as anthracycline
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Signs andSymptoms
As cardiomyopathy worsens andthe heart weakens, signs and
symptoms of heart failure usually
occur. These signs and symptoms
include:
Shortness of breath or trouble
breathing.
Fatigue (tiredness).
Swelling in the ankles, feet, legs, and
abdomen. Rarely, swelling may occur in
the veins of your neck.
dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting
during physical activity chest pain, dysrhythmias and heart
murmurs (an extra or unusual sound
heard during a heartbeat).
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Diagnostic Testing
Chest X Ray This test can showwhether your heart is enlarged.
Echocardiography a test that uses
sound waves to create a moving
picture of your heart. The picture
shows how well your heart is
working and its size and shape.
Cardiac Catheterization a
procedure checks the pressure and
blood flow in your heart's
chambers. The procedure also
allows your doctor to collect bloodsamples and look at your heart's
arteries using x-ray imaging. This
allows your doctor to study the
inside of your arteries to look for
blockages.
EKG (Electrocardiogram) a
simple test that records the
heart's electrical activity.
T
his test shows how fast yourheart is beating and
whether the rhythm of your
heartbeat is steady or
irregular. EKG results can
suggest disorders such as
heart failure.
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Statistics andPopulations with
Cardiomyopathy
87 percent of cases are dilated
cardiomyopathy.
50 percent of patients with dilated
cardiomyopathy are alive 5 years
after their initial diagnosis
25 percent are alive 10 years after
the diagnosis. (2)
Mortality from cardiomyopathy is
highest in older persons, men and
blacks.
Studies show that 36 percent of
young athletes who die suddenlyhave definite hypertrophic
cardiomyopathy.
26,8
00 people die in the USeach year from some sort of
cardiomyopathy.
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DilatedCardiomyopathy
Most common type of
cardiomyopathy
The heart muscle becomes dilated
and leads to enlargement of the
muscle but doesnt mean these
larger muscles are stronger.
Excessive alcohol use is the main
cause for this type of
cardiomyopathy
Top heart condition during
complication in pregnancy
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Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
VERY rare in the U.S. but can
be a common heart condition in
underdeveloped and third
world countries.
The walls of the ventriclesbecome stiffened and are then
unable to act as a pump to
provide oxygenated blood to
the body.
Doesnt appear to be inherited
but seen as being idiopathic
(unknown cause).
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ICDs andPacemakers
A pacemaker is a medical devicewhich uses electrical impulses,
delivered by electrodes contacting the
heart muscles, to regulate the beating
of the heart.
The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is the most reliable
and effective treatment for
cardiomyopathy patients at high-risk.
It has the potential to alter the
disease course by automaticallysensing and terminating lethal
disturbances of heart rhythm,often in
young people with little or no
symptoms.
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Medications and Lifestyle Changes
Quitting smoking
Losing excess weight
Avoiding the use of alcohol
and illegal drugs
Reducing stress
Not engage in vigorousexercising
Make sure you go to all of
your medical checkups.
Follow your treatments for
any underlying conditions,such as diabetes and high
blood pressure
Medicines can help manage
symptoms and improve heart action.Diuretics reduce excess fluid in
the body.
Vasodilators relax blood vessels
and help to lower blood pressure.
Digoxin helps to improve the
heart's pumping action.
Beta Blockers help to keep a
regular heartbeat and lessen the
work of the heart muscle.
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Nurses Role in Helping Patients with
Cardiomyopathy
Emotional support, frequent teaching,
providing educational printouts or brochures
Counseling to assist in patient and family
coping.
Ensuring that Medic-Alert bracelets are
available for patients with cardiomyopathy
to prevent confusion in an emergency
situation.
Close supervision of electrolyte and hydration
status must be a priority because these
patients are on medications that alterelectrolyte levels and fluid status.
These patients are generally restricted fromplaying competitive sports, the rationaleshould be explained thoroughly because ofthe stress on the heart; other types of
exercises should be addressed.
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Any Questions???
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References & Sources About Cardiomyopathy - US News Health. (2008, December 31).Health News Articles - US News Health.
Retrieved October 30, 2010, from http://health.usnews.com/health-conditions/heart-health/cardiomyopathy American Heart Association.Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics 2005 Update. Dallas, Texas.: American
Heart Association; 2005.
Cardiomyopathy management and lifestyle. (n.d.).National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Retrieved
November 20, 2010, from http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/cm/cm_living.html
Dilated Cardiomyopathy - Texas Heart Institute Heart Information Center. (1996-2010). Texas Heart
Institute. Retrieved October 30, 2010, from http://www.texasheart.org/hic/topics/cond/dilated.cfm
Maron, B., Francis, J., & Ghosh, J. (2005). Role of Implantable Cardioverter Devices in the Treatment ofHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients.Journal of Indian Pacing Electrophysiology, 5(2), 72-75. Retrieved
November 20, 2010, from Pub Med.
Maron, B. J. (2002). Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy -- Maron 106 (19): 2419 -- Circulation.Homepage
Spotlight File. Retrieved October 30, 2010, from http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/106/19/2419
NHLBI, Cardiomyopathy: NHLBI - WrongDiagnosis.com. (1997, July). Wrong Diagnosis. Retrieved
October 27, 2010, from http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/artic/nhlbi_cardiomyopathy_nhlbi.htm
O'Rourke, R. (1999). Cardiac Pacing: An Alternative Treatment for Selected Patients with Cardiomyopathy.
Circulation, (100), 786-788.
Stromberg, A. (n.d.). The crucial role of patient education in heart failure Eur J Heart Fail.European
Journal of Heart Failure, 7(3), 363-369. Retrieved October 26, 2010, from
http://eurjhf.oxfordjournals.org/content/7/3/363.full
Willingham Muzzy Pediatric Molecular Cardiology Laboratory - RCM. (n.d.).Baylor College of Medicine -
Houston, Texas. Retrieved November 20, 2010, from
http://www.bcm.edu/pediatrics/index.cfm?Realm=99992426&This_Template=RCM