Card 6 • Weathering –1) Chemical – oxidation, water, sulfuric acid 2) Mechanical – exfoliation, root pry, abrasion, frost

action, gravity• Draw water cycle• Karst topography occurs in Valley and Ridge , limestone is dissolved by carbonic acid• Draw a picture of stalagmite and stalactite• Draw a picture of zone of aeration, water table and zone of saturation• Draw and label the ground zones: top soil, sub soil , weathered parent rock and bed rock

Card 7 Fresh Water Process Part 2

• Glaciers: Valley and Continental• Define: Terminal and Lateral Morraine, till, meltwater deposit• Rivers and Streams: 1) Immature- V-shaped valley, water flows

quickly, rapids 2) Mature – meanders, slow, river valley• Define the following features: oxbow lake, alluvial fan, delta, flood

plain, levee

• Humans pollute rivers by water from agricultural run off

Card 9

Fossils- found in sedimentary rocks Define:1. Petrification2. Mold3. Cast4. Imprint5. Trace Fossils6. Several preserve the entire Fossil: Amber, Freezing, Tar Pit

7. Describe Relative dating, 8. Law of Superposition, index fossils

Card 10 Historical Geology 2• Describe Absolute Date examples Carbon dating (once living) and Uranium dating

(never living)• Geologic Time divisions:Eons --- Eras- periods ---- epochs• Precambrian – majority of geologic life is here, stromalites major life form 4 billion

years, until cambrian period• 3 Eras :• Paleozoic- ancient life• Mesozoic- middle life• Cenozoic- recent life

Describe one or two examples of life in that era

Card 11 VA Geology

• Draw a Map of VA, label each of the provinces.

• 1 or 2 Key features about each

• Type of rock found in each.

Chesapeake Bay Card 12

• Define: Watershed, Drainage Basin, Tributary• What are the 5 major VA rivers that empty into the Bay• Bay Problems: • 1. Nutrients and fertilizers add nitrogen to the water which increases the

algae; algae uses up oxygen which kills off animals. Prevents sunlight from plants.

• 2. New species have been introduced into bay which have no predators; increased populations.

• 3. Harmful chemicals from surface runoff.

• Human Impact• 1. Pesticides, herbicides, trash dumps.• Define: point and non-point source

Card 13 Oceanography part1

• Draw the ocean floor and label the following features: continental margin, shelf, slope, submarine canyon, trench, rift, abyssal plain, and seamount.

• Identify any tectonic process that cause these features to form ex. Trenches, rifts, etc.

• Define salinity – • What is the most abundant salt in sea water?

Card 14 Oceanography part 2

• Currents- How do currents form? Warm vs. cold. Which ones impact the US?

• Zones- diagram the different zones of the ocean (surface, thermocline, deep) discuss how and why they are different.

• Tides – Neap and Spring Tide explain• Life Zones – plankton, nekton, benthos- explain and give examples• Ocean issues – overfishing, pollution, dumping, oil spills, fertilizers.

Card 15 Meteorology Part 1

• Layers of the Atmosphere- diagram the layers, the boundaries, indicate key things like: ozone, jet stream, auroras, where jets fly, radio waves, meteorites, satellites.

• Air Circulation/winds – diagram land breeze/sea breeze, describe all 4 air masses ( continental tropical, continental polar, maritime tropical, maritime polar)

• Coriolis Effect- define• Human impacts- destruction of ozone, cfc’s, burning

fossil fuels increases carbon dioxide, traps heat- greenhouse effect.

Card 16 Meteorology Part 2

• Types of Precipitation – Define Hail, Rain, Freezing Rain, Snow, Sleet (Describe under which conditions when each type will form)

• Severe weather – Tornadoes, Hurricanes – how they form, things necessary to maintain strength, the scale by which they are measured.

• Weather symbols – draw the 4 front symbols and describe them,

• Draw a simple weather station model –

• Define isotherm and Isobar

• Define Thermometer, Barometer,Windvane, rain gauge,

Temp

Dew point

Baro. Pressure

Card 17 Astronomy Part 1

• Planets- list planets in order, include one special feature about each one.

• Theories – Describe Big Bang and Solar Nebular Theory

• Define: Asteroids, where are they found

• What is the difference between a meteor, meteoroid, meteorite

• What are the 3 parts of a comet, where do they orbit, why does the tail point away from the sun?

• What are the 3 types of Galaxies? Draw a picture

• What is the Red Shift? What Theory does this support?

Card 18 Astronomy part 2

• Stars – list and draw the life cycle of stars – low mass, medium and high mass

• Sun – draw and label the layers of the sun• Draw and label the phases of the moon• What is the HR diagram? Draw and label each axis.• What is the difference between absolute and apparent magnitude?• What did each of the following people contribute to or believe

in:Ptolemy, Copernicus, Kepler, Newton.• What is a planets period of revolution, its period of rotation• Draw the diagram of the seasons and label the solstices and

equinoxes• What was the first space mission to the moon? Who was the first

man on the moon? Who was the first American who orbited the Earth?