Carbon Tiny black spots caused by undigested

carbon inclusions (natts). Black materia l found within internal fracture planes c

an also be crystallographic inclusions of graphite, ferropericlase, pyrrhotite and

pentlandite.

Clouds Clouds ((CldCld)) A dense grouping of tiny pinpoints that creat A dense grouping of tiny pinpoints that creat e a cloudy zone which may not resolve as ind e a cloudy zone which may not resolve as ind

ividual pinpoints at 1 0 X Magnification. ividual pinpoints at 1 0 X Magnification.

Cloud Cloud ((ต่�อต่�อ))

Cloud Cloud ภายใต่� ภายใต่� UV lightUV light

Cloud Cloud ภายใต่� ภายใต่� Long Wave LightLong Wave Light

Cloud Cloud ภายใต่� ภายใต่� Fluorescence lightFluorescence light

Feathers Feathers ((FtrFtr))caused by cleavage planes or internal stress caused by cleavage planes or internal stress fractures that have the appearance of wispy fractures that have the appearance of wispy feathersfeathers . . Feather inclusions are common around Feather inclusions are common around included crystals such as garnet, which cause such as garnet, which cause internal stress fractures during crystal growthinternal stress fractures during crystal growth . .Feather inclusions can be accompanied by Feather inclusions can be accompanied by internal internalgraininggraining and and//or or twinning wisp inclusions. twinning wisp inclusions.

Feather Feather ((ต่�อต่�อ))

Feather Feather ที่��เกิ�ดจากิความเครี�ยดรีอบๆผลึ�กิกิารี�เนต่ที่��เกิ�ดจากิความเครี�ยดรีอบๆผลึ�กิกิารี�เนต่

Pronounced stress fractures and feather inclusions Pronounced stress fractures and feather inclusions can potentially weaken the stone, making it can potentially weaken the stone, making it susceptible to fracturing when exposed to thermal susceptible to fracturing when exposed to thermal or physical shockor physical shock . . This is especially true if the This is especially true if the fracture breeches the stone's surface, and the stress fracture breeches the stone's surface, and the stress inclusion occurs along the gem's natural inclusion occurs along the gem's natural cleavage pl cleavage pl

ane. ane. As a result, diamonds with significant stress As a result, diamonds with significant stress fractures and feather should not be cleaned in an fractures and feather should not be cleaned in an ultult

rasonic cleaner rasonic cleaner as this could cause the diamond to as this could cause the diamond to shattershatter..

Grain Center Grain Center ((GrCntGrCnt)) A concentrated area of crystal growth t A concentrated area of crystal growth t

hat can appear light or dark. hat can appear light or dark.

Internal Trigons Grain Center InclusionsInternal Trigons Grain Center Inclusions

Growth TubesGrowth Tubes Imperfectionformeddur i ng cr yst al gr owt h, when a t ube i s g Imperfectionformeddur i ng cr yst al gr owt h, when a t ube i s g eneratedby a f or mer l y l i qui d fi l l ed cavi t y. eneratedby a f or mer l y l i qui d fi l l ed cavi t y.

Growth tube Growth tube ((ต่�อต่�อ))

Included Crystals Included Crystals ((XtlXtl))Included Crystal inclusions are whole crystals or tiny Included Crystal inclusions are whole crystals or tiny included gem fragments of undigested crystals such included gem fragments of undigested crystals such as as garnetgarnet, diopside, olivine, , diopside, olivine, spinelspinel, calcite, iron , calcite, iron oxides, silica or other oxides, silica or other gem stone gem stone inclusions inclusions..

Chrome diopside

Garnet

Garnet on diamond girdle

Grossularite garnet

Internal Graining Internal Graining ((IntGrIntGr)) Irregular crystal growth causing intern Irregular crystal growth causing intern

al distortions, waviness, and/or haze. C al distortions, waviness, and/or haze. C an be accompanied by internal strain. an be accompanied by internal strain.

Internal Laser Drilling Internal Laser Drilling ((LDHLDH)) - Internal pathway caused by laser drilling to re - Internal pathway caused by laser drilling to re

move large inclusions, and where pathway do move large inclusions, and where pathway do es not breach the cut diamond's surface. es not breach the cut diamond's surface.

Needles Needles ((NdlNdl))- - Rutilel i ke needl e shaped i ncl usi ons.- - Rutilel i ke needl e shaped i ncl usi ons.

Pinpoints Pinpoints ((PpPp)) Minute crystals within the diamond that appear Minute crystals within the diamond that appear

white. Large groupings of small pinpoints can c white. Large groupings of small pinpoints can c reate a cloud effect. reate a cloud effect.