CARBOCRETE

BS Civil TechnologySection CSemester 7th

Group No 3

Naqeeb Ullah Khan Niazi 107Muhammad Adnan 94Syed M Tajdar Hussain 125Haroon Khan Niazi 56M.Tahir 103

What Is Carbocrete?

History Of Carbon Fibers

Manufacturing Of Carbon Fibers

Carbon Fibers Vs. Steel

Carbon Fibers In Construction

Properties Of Carbocrete

Factors Affecting The PropertiesCarbocrete Against Earthquake

ActivityAdvantages & Disadvantages

Applications

Conclusion

References

OUTLINE

What is Carbocrete?

It is a type

of concrete that

is reinforced with

carbon

fibers so it’s also

known as

“Carbon

Reinforced Concrete”.

It is a new

highly stress able

lightweight composite

construction that

combines

high-streng

th concrete and carbo

n fibers.

It has higher streng

th than steel with quarter of its

weight.

History of

Carbon Fibers

In late 1800s, Thomas Edison

was the first to use carbon fibers as

filaments for early light bulbs.

It lacked the high tensile strength of

today’s carbon fibers; however he used it because of

their high tolerance to heat

which made these fibers ideal for

conducting electricity.

Thomas Edison

Filament

History of

Carbon Fibers

It wasn’t until the late 1950

that high-performance carbon fibers

was manufactured by Mitsubishi

Rayon.

The USA’s Air Force and

NASA didn’t wait develop the carbon

fiber technology and

began to use carbon fiber reinforced

polymers to replace heavy

metals to allow aircrafts to be

lighter and faster.

Carbon fiber aircraft propeller

Raw carbon fiber is made

from petroleum

coal.

These fossil-fuel- based

materials come from either petroleum refining or natural gas

processing.

Manufacturing of Carbon Fibers

Manufacturing of Carbon Fibers

1s

t

: in the thermoset treatment, the fibers are stretched and heated to no more than 400° C

2n

d

: in the carbonize treatment, the fibers are heated to about 800° C in an oxygen free environment to remove non-carbon impurities.

3r

d

: fibers are graphitized; this step stretches the fibers between 50 to 100% elongation, and heats them to temperatures ranging from 1100° C to 3000° C. The stretching ensures a preferred crystalline texture, which results in the desired tensile strength.

4t

h

: the last two treatment steps, surface treatment and epoxy sizing, are preformed to enhance the carbon fiber bonding strength.

Carbon Fibers vs Steel

Up to 75% lighter

More durable

corrosion free

5 times higher tensile

strength

2 times higher

stiffness

Higher temperature tolerance

Carbon Fiber in Construction

Carbon fibers are mostly used for repair purposes of old structural

element against shear and flexure failure; the material know as CFRP.

However, in the early 1990s, researches showed that carbon fibers can be used inside the concrete instead of steel reinforcement showing a significant improvement in the flexural and tensile strength of concrete.

Physical & Chemical Properties of Carbon Fiber

Tenacity 1.8 -2.4 (KN/mm2 )

Density 1.95 gm/cc

Elongation at break 0.5%

Elasticity Not good

Resiliency Not good

Ability to protest friction Good

Color Black

Protection against flame Excellent.

Ability to protest Heat Good

Lustre Like silky

Effect of Bleaching Sodium hypochlorite slightly oxidized carbon fiber.

Effect of Sun light Do not change carbon fiber.

Protection ability against insects Do not harm to carbon fiber.

Factors Affecting the Properties of

FRC

Volume of fiber

Aspect Ratio of fiber

Orientation of fibers

Relative fiber matrix

Workability and Compaction of Concrete

Size of Coarse Aggregate

Mixing

Carbocrete Against Earthquake Activity

What is an Earthquake

An earthquake is the sudden, rapid shaking or rolling of the Earth.

Earthquakes happen when rocks break or slip along fault lines in the Earth’s crust, releasing energy that

causes the ground to move.

SEISMIC WAVES

Seismic waves are the waves of energy

caused by the sudden breaking of rock

within the earth or an explosion. They are

the energy that travels through the

earth and is recorded on seismographs.

Types of seismic waves

Earthquake Measurement Scales

Fiber Reinforcement

AgainstSeismic Loading

These fabrics are installed in buildings, bridges and other

structures.

The result is bonded FRP reinforcement system

engineered to increase the structural performance.

Once installed this system delivers bonded reinforcement

with outstanding long-term physical and mechanical

properties.

Advantages of

Carbon Fiber

High tensile strength

Smaller cross-sections

Earthquake resistance Higher durability

Low weight Easy to handle High flexibility

More creative architectural

design

Suitable for highway

construction

Low coefficient of thermal expansion High fire resistance

Disadvantages of Carbon Fiber

The main disadvantage of carbon fiber is

its cost.

This fiber will cause some

forms of cancer of the lungs.

Lack of knowledge

Absence of codes

No implementation

s yet

APPLICATIONSResidential: Including driveways, basements,,

foundations, drainage, etc.

Commercial: Exterior and interior floors, slabs and parking areas.

Warehouse / industrial: Light to heavy duty loaded floors and roadways

Highways / roadways / bridges: barrier rails, curb.

Ports and airports: Runways, taxiways, aprons, seawalls.

Waterways: Dams, ditches, storm-water structures, etc.

Mining and tunneling: Precast segments which may include tunnel lining, slope stabilization, sewer work, etc.

Agriculture: Farm and animal storage structures, paving, etc.

CONCLUSION

Carbocrete pushed the limits of creativity and flexibility in design.

Made it possible to build unique structures that can withstand very high loads.

Save maintenance costs on the long run.

REFERENCEShttp://www.carbonwrapsolutions.comhttp://www.toray.comhttp://www.biography.comhttp://www.sglgroup.comwww.fiberreinforced.org/pages/applicationshttp://wings.buffalo.edu/academic/department/eng/mae/cmrl/Concrete%20reinforced%20with%20up%20to%20vol%20of%20short%20carbon%20fibers.pdfhttp://www.utsi.edu/research/carbonfiber/cf.htm