By- Jeswant GembaliBy- Jeswant Gembali

Position of Carbon in Periodic Table………….

Carbon Atom’s Electronic structure

L-shell(4 e- )

K-shell(2 e- )

Nucleus6 Neutrons &

6 Protons

Atomic No. 6

Occurrence of Carbon in

Nature :-

In free state:-

In Combined state:-

CO2CO3

Carbon in daily life:-

Importance of Carbon:- Tetravalency…..

Atomic No. :- 6 Electronic Configuration :- 2,4

Thus, Valency :- 4

c

.

..

.

Importance of Carbon:- Multiple Bonds

c

Importance of Carbon:- Catenation (Self- linkage)

Importance of Carbon:- Isomerism (Property of making Isomers):-

Isomers; Same Molecular Formula but different Structure.

For eg:-

C6H12O6 (Glucose)

C6H12O6 (Fructose)

GlucoseFructose

Allotropes of Carbon:- Various forms in which Carbon exists

in pure form in Nature.

Diamond

Properties:-

Excellent Brilliance.

A Transparent Object.

Bad Conductor of Electricity.

High Melting Point .

Made up of Carbon atoms only.

Hardest substance in the World.

Can be cut with the help of Another Diamond only.

Allotropes of Carbon:- Various forms in which Carbon exists

in pure form in Nature.

Diamond

Structure:-

Tetrahedral structure.

1C linked with 4C

Linked with strong Covalent bonds.

A Continuous chain of Carbon atoms.

Uses of Diamond

Allotropes of Carbon:- Various forms in which Carbon exists

in pure form in Nature.

Graphite

Properties:-

An Opaque Object.

Good Conductor of Electricity.

High Melting Point .

Made up of Carbon atoms only.

Liberates Carbon dioxide when heated.

Allotropes of Carbon:- Various forms in which Carbon exists

in pure form in Nature.

Graphite

Structure:-

Structured in Layers.

1C, linked with 3C.

Layers, connected with weak Vander wal Forces.

Graphite in Daily Life….

Allotropes of Carbon:- Various forms in which Carbon exists

in pure form in Nature.

Buckminster fullerene

Properties:-

Black solid at room temperature.

Doesn’t conducts electricity.

Insoluble in Water.

Soluble in Petrol.

* Has been named after a great American Architect “Buckminster”

Allotropes of Carbon:- Various forms in which Carbon exists

in pure form in Nature.

Buckminster fullereneStructure:-

Football shaped

Fixed number of Carbon atoms.

Eg:-

C60

20 Hexagons and 12 Pentagons