carbon accounting unilever cft e.keller en2012/10/26 · 1. unilever and carbon accounting 2....
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Carbon accounting and good agricultural management: Unilever and the Cool Farmmanagement: Unilever and the Cool Farm Institute
Emma Keller, Unilever
GIZ, Kiev, Ukraine25th October 2012
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Let’s talk about……
1. Unilever and carbon accountingg
2. Sustainable sourcing ambitionsg
3. Challenges in agricultural carbon accountingg g g
4. The Cool Farm Tool4. The Cool Farm Tool
5. Case studies: good management practices5. Case studies: good management practices
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UNILEVER AND CARBON ACCOUNTING
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Company targets
HELP
1 BILLION HALVESOURCE
100%1 BILLION PEOPLE IMPROVE
THEIR HEALTH
HALVEENVIRONMENTAL
FOOTPRINT OFOUR PRODUCTS
100% OF AGRICULTURAL RAW MATERIALS
& WELLBEING OUR PRODUCTS SUSTAINABLY
SEAC
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Reducing our total value chain impacts
GREENHOUSE GASES WASTEWATER
OUR DIRECT IMPACTS ARE SMALL ONLY 3%‐43% ‐63%‐75% SMALL ‐ ONLY 3%
CO2 from energy use(kg/tonne production)
Water use(m3/tonne production)
Waste(kg/tonne production)
43% 63%75%
DISPOSALDISTRIBUTION
/ RETAILRAW MATERIALS CONSUMER USEMANUFACTURE
1%2%26% 68%3%
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Upstream carbon accounting
Source: http://www.sustainable-living.unilever.com
● Significant proportion of impact is in the upstream agricultural supply chain
P i l itt d f t● Previously omitted from corporate GHG inventories
● Own data for Life-cycle assessments?Source: www. Walkerscarbonfootprint.co.uk
SEAC
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Agriculture is important to Unilever
50%fof our raw
materials come f i lfrom agriculture
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Our top agricultural materials
● We source significant amounts of the worlds proportion of some keyproportion of some key crops
● Target to ensure all are d t i blsourced sustainably
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SUSTAINABLE SOURCING AMBITIONS
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WHY DOES SUSTAINABLE SOURCING MATTER?
High HighWe have a big footprint in an area of limited control.
High High
e Foot
prin
t
Influ
ence
nmen
tal F
nile
ver’s
Envi
ron
U
Low Natural Transportation Manufacturing Product Consumers Low
SUPPLY CHAIN
Low Natural Resources
Transportation ManufacturingDistribution
Consumers Low
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Our definition of sustainable agriculture
Sustainable agriculture aims to deliver (sufficient) rawg ( )materials from production systems that:
Hi h lit i ld• High quality yields• Optimal resource use• Reduce environmental impact• Contribute to better rural livelihoods
AND help Unilever to reduce the footprint of our rawAND help Unilever to reduce the footprint of our raw materials (e.g. eliminate deforestation from our value chains))
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Two options for implementation
Certification VerificationCertification• In or out• Do’s and don’ts
Verification• Measured improvement• Action plans
• Independent• The seal is the story
p• Unilever driven• Tell your own stories
• System costs • Value chain investment
*See latest version of scheme rules
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Certification
• Recognise and acknowledge certain certification schemes
• Benchmark standards against our code
• Helps to avoid duplication of effort.
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Self verification – sustainable agriculture code
St d d f U il t i bl• Standard of Unilever sustainable agriculture
• Applicable to all our agricultural raw materials
• Used as a standard and to monitor suppliers progress towards
t i bl i ltsustainable agriculture.
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Chapters of the SAC
Continuous improvement Wasteimprovement
Agrochemicals and Energy and
Click on links for more information on scope and general
fuels
S il
Greenhouse gases
Social and human
general content
Soils Social and human capital
V l h i d l lW t Value chain and local economy
Water
Biodiversity Animal welfare
Training
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CHALLENGES OF FARM GHG ACCOUNTING
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Challenges at the farm level
● Robust Science and methodology● Robust Science and methodology
● Complexity variability and uncertainty● Complexity, variability and uncertainty
● Data capture and distribution● Data capture and distribution
● Practical farm level methods to combine management● Practical farm-level methods to combine management and measurement
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Where are the big uncertainties?
Machinery/equipment manufacture , fertiliser/pesticide production
Pre-farmfertiliser/pesticide production
Machinery use
CO2 emissions from soils
Nitrous oxide, methane from soilsUp to harvestLivestock emissions, e.g. enteric fermentation from cattle
Manure management, compost
Primary processing, e.g. drying, milling, chilling, storagePost har est
TransportationgPost harvest
Consumer use
finished product production, package, cooking, waste disposal
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Agricultural GHG Calculators
● Many agricultural GHG calculators exist● Many agricultural GHG calculators exist
Tool name Developer CountryCALM Circle Squared Ltd UKCALM Circle Squared Ltd UKClimate Yardstick CLM NLFarmGas Australian Farm Institute AustraliaPalm GHG (Henson and Chase) RSPO GlobalDairy Footprinter Scottish Government ScotlandGHG Farm Agriculture and Agri-foods
CanadaCanada
C-Plan See 360 Ltd UKC Plan See 360 Ltd UKDAYCENT Colorado University USCool Farm Tool UoA, Unilever, SFL GlobalRSB GHG Tool RSB Global
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THE COOL FARM TOOL
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The Cool Farm Tool Available for download: www.coolfarmtool.org
● Farmer focused ‘tier 2’ tool for on-farm GHG balance
● Generic, globally applicable
● Practical and management focused offering decision support
● Allows exploration of mitigation options
● Data: farmers know and can complete on farm combined with robust empirical d t d ldata models
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Cool Farm Tool data inputs
LivestockFarm energy SequestrationFertilizer emissions Livestock emissions
GHG emissions i i f
Farm energy
Emissions from:o Electricity
Di l d i
Sequestration
GHG emissions sequestered from:
L d U h
Fertilizer emissions
GHG emissions arising from:
F tili t arising from:o Feedo Manure management
o Diesel used in field
o sprayingo tillage
oLand Use changesoManagement changes
oTillageC
o Fertilizer typeo Fertilizer nutrient/productoFertilizer application
tg
o Livestock management and productive phases
goharvesting oCover
croppingoCompostoManure
T l t d
rateo Fertilizer application methodo Emissions related t t l i bi lT t oTrees plantedto natural microbial conversion of N in the soil, in which N2O can be lost to th t h
Transport energy
Emissions from:o Road
the atmosphere.
o (Other agrichemicals included also –pesticide applications)
o Railo Airo Ship
pesticide applications)
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Using the tool
LCM 2011
Berlin 28th – 31st August Emma Keller, University of Surrey and Unilever
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Management (and mitigation) options
Current Reduced N application
Introduce no till Just converted from woodland
LCM 2011
Berlin 28th – 31st August Source: Jon Hillier’s presentation - 2011
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CASE STUDIES
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Cool Farming options (GACA – Global agricultural climate assessment)
● A number of companies and sponsors involved:
● Covering a range of farming systems and geographies:sponsors involved: systems and geographies:
LCM 2011
Berlin 28th – 31st August Source: www.sustainablefood.org
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Project locations.
Canada Azerbaijan
Germany
j
USA
IndiaJamaica
GuatemalaEgypt
ColombiaKenya
Nicaragua
Tanzania
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What’s unique about this project?
1Project arc spans from practical actions at field and farm level to creative supply chain solutions.
Project arcs from practical actions at field & farm level to
creative supply chain solutions.
Project arcs from practical actions at field & farm level to influencing the policy framework.2Jointly improved calculator that balances pragmatism and precision, with high management sensitivity.
3F f h t b d thi fi ld i thi l3Farmer focus: what can be done on this field, in this place.
4Shared learning among a global consortium of food sector leaders on the GHG mitigation potential of key agricultural systemson the GHG mitigation potential of key agricultural systems.
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Example Darjeeling/India
● Tea cooperatives:Current situation:– Current situation:
– 30-40% yield cuts in the last 5-10 years– 7-800 kg of pruning material annually
left for aerobic decay– 5-8 tons of cow manure per year
left on pits for 1 year (+) and then used in vegetablesleft on pits for 1 year (+) and then used in vegetables● The emissions were assessed and calculated with the
CFT within 1 hour during an onsite visit● the CFT model showed 30% emission reduction
through composting due to increased SOM● 1 year later production went up by 20% through● 1 year later production went up by 20% through
making carbon dynamics easy and obvious, using local resources
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Training Indian tea growers on using available biomass (manure & pruning) for composting…
29/10/2012 www.soilandmore.com 30
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CO2 Emission Sequestration•30% CO2 Reduction•Improving water holding capacity by up to 40%
after implementing composting
29/10/2012 31
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Baselining – tomato growers (California)
● Yields between 45 63 t45-63 tons per acre
● GHG footprints range between 18 42 kg18-42 kg CO2e/ton product
● Similar emissionemission hotspots
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The Potato CFT in use
● Part of PepsiCo’s ‘50 in 5’ initiative● Part of PepsiCo s 50 in 5 initiative
● Trialled with over 60 farmers in UK and Europe● Trialled with over 60 farmers in UK and Europe
● Robust results comparable to other studies
PepsiCo’s Carbon Footprint calculations socalculations so far.
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The Cool Farm Institutee Coo a s u e
• Collaborative independent not‐for‐profit organisation
• Mission: enable millions of growers globally to make more informed on‐farm decisions that reduce their environmentalinformed on farm decisions that reduce their environmental impact.
lf t l d t t t• see: www.coolfarmtool.org and contact us at info.coolfarmtool.com