carbohydrates kaitlyn brickey levante bellamy olivia malatestinic sam coffey joyce onuorah
TRANSCRIPT
CarbohydratesKaitlyn Brickey
Levante BellamyOlivia Malatestinic
Sam Coffey Joyce Onuorah
Summary
• Carbohydrates are compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. (ratio 1:2:1) Living things depend on carbohydrates as their main source of energy. Plants and other animals use carbohydrates for structural purposes.
Elements
• Carbohydrates: -Oxygen -Carbon -Hydrogen
Monomer• Monosaccharide
– Glucose– Fructose– Galactose
Polymer
• Carbohydrate:- Starch (Plants Energy storage)- Cellulose (Plant structure)- Glycogen (animals energy storage)
Uses
• Humans- energy -broken down into energy
• Animals- also broken down as energy
• Plants- used as a different polysaccharides • store access sugars • One of the main polysaccharides is cellulose. • (gives strength and ridigity)
Vocab. Definitions
Carbohydrate- compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.Monosaccharaides- single sugar molecules Polysaccharides- the large molecule formed from monosaccharaides
Carbohydrate
Lipids
By: Hunter Mora, Jacque Williams, John Witczak, Jack O’Brien, Emily
Buchanan, Ethan Beaty
Summary
• Lipids are made up of mostly Hydrogen. Lipids function as storage for energy. Three of the most common types of lipids include fats, oils, and waxes. Lipids can be formed when glycerol molecules combine with fatty acid compounds. The body uses lipids to make up the cells. Lipids are hydrophobic. Lipids are molecules that are not soluble in water.
Elements
• Made up of mostly Hydrogen, Carbon, and Oxygen
• Used to store energy• Three categories of lipids include: fats, oils,
and waxes.• Steroids and hormones are a type of lipid that
functions as a chemical messenger.
Polymers
• Not polymers because they do not consist of repeating units, and do not link together to form polymeric chains.
• Polymers are many monomers linked together.
Monomers
• Monomers of lipids are fatty acids and glycerol.
• Glycerol is used as a solvent.• Fats are found in greasy foods such as burgers
and fries.
Saturated Fatty Acids
• When there is one carbon to carbon bond in the atom.
• Maximum hydrogen atoms
Unsaturated Fatty Acids
• When there is more than one carbon to carbon double bond in the atom.
Vocab
• Lipid- Macromolecule made from mostly carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes.
• Saturated- Lipids containing the greatest possible number of hydrogen atoms and so having no carbon double or triple carbon bonds.
• Unsaturated- At least one carbon to carbon double bond within the fatty acid.
• Polyunsaturated- Lipids that contain more than one carbon to carbon double bond.
Nucleic AcidsAllison DuganMadeline BrunnerTim CarrRyan DvornikGrant Miiller
Elements Elements found in macromolecule:
hydrogen: Hoxygen: Ophosphorus: Pnitrogen: Ncarbon: C
Nucleic acids are polymers assembled from individual monomers known as nucleotides.
Nucleotides form covalent bonds and become nucleic acids
Monomer The monomer of nucleic acids
nucleotides
Polymer The polymer of nucleic acids DNA Carries the genetic information of a cell
and consists of thousands of genes RNA First processed so that non-coding parts
are removed and is then transported out of the nucleus
In organisms 2 types
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Job:To transmit and store hereditary materials
Vocab Nucleotides: consist of three parts, a 5 carbon
sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
Ribonucleic acid: (RNA) contains the sugar ribose Deoxyribonucleic acid: (DNA) contains the sugar
deoxyribose Amino Acids: compounds with a amino group (-
NH2) on one end and a carboxl group (-COOH) on the other end.
Proteins: are macromlecules that contain nitrogen.