capturing clean cellulose lyle stephens john deere technology innovation center
TRANSCRIPT
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Capturing Clean Cellulose
Lyle Stephens
John Deere Technology Innovation Center
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• State of the Art– Harvesting systems– Performance
• Issues
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A Brief History
• Deere developed the “Biomass Converter” in the 1970s.
• Used the energy in corn cobs to dry the grain
• Produced syngas for heat and engine fuel.
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Status Report
• The industry has developed a large number of harvesting technologies.
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One Pass
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Two Pass
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Willow
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Miscanthus
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Forest Slash
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Sponsored Harvest Research
• DOE – Iowa State University
• Cargill-Dow (now NatureWorks)
• John Deere Harvester Works
• John Deere Ottumwa Works
• John Deere Technology Center – Moline
• University of Wisconsin – Madison
• University of Kentucky
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Generate and Evaluate Concepts
• One Pass – One Stream
• One Pass – Two Streams
• One Pass – Three Streams
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One Pass – One Stream
• Increase bulk density of loaded truck
• Unthreshed ears mixed with chopped stalks – central processor for separation
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One Pass – Two Streams
• Ears only into combine
• Whole plant into combine
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Ears Only
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Whole Plant
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One Pass – Three Streams
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Sugar
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Cotton
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Technology Portfolio
• Multitude of unit operations in current and past machines
• Can be combined into new machines to meet market requirements
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Harvest System Performance
0
2
4
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0 1 2 3 4
Tons per acre
Acr
es p
er h
ou
r
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Research Issues:
• Soil health and soil erosion
• Nutrient value in biomass
• Harvest labor availability
• Highly seasonal supply
• “Hassle Factor”
• Feedstock specifications
• New Harvesting Concepts