capria no_video_ship_detection_with_dvbt_software_defined_passive_radar

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CSSN ITE CSSN ITE G. VallauriG. Vallauri

IEEE GOLD, 29-30 April 2010IEEE GOLD, 29-30 April 2010 Italian Naval Academy (Livorno)Italian Naval Academy (Livorno)

Ship Detection Ship Detection with DVB-T with DVB-T Software Defined Passive RadarSoftware Defined Passive Radar

A. CapriaA. Capria**, M. Conti, M. Conti##, D. Petri, D. Petri##, M. Martorella, M. Martorella##, , F. BerizziF. Berizzi##, E. Dalle Mese, E. Dalle Mese##, R. Soleti, R. Soleti††, V. Carulli, V. Carulli††

**RaSS Center – CNITRaSS Center – CNIT##Dept. of Information Engineering – University of PisaDept. of Information Engineering – University of Pisa

††Italian Navy – CSSN ITE G. VallauriItalian Navy – CSSN ITE G. Vallauri

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OutlineOutline

Introduction to passive radarIntroduction to passive radar

DVB-T signalsDVB-T signals

Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) technologytechnology

Preliminary measurementsPreliminary measurements

Passive Radar Experiment Passive Radar Experiment

ConclusionConclusion

Future workFuture work

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Passive radar conceptPassive radar conceptPassive radar or Passive Coherent Location Passive radar or Passive Coherent Location ((PCLPCL)) are radar are radar

systems that exploit non-cooperative illuminators of opportunitysystems that exploit non-cooperative illuminators of opportunity

TV

• Analog TV• DVB-T

Mobile communication

• GSM• UMTS

Radio

• AM• FM• Digital (DAB)

AdvantagesAdvantages

Low cost architecturesLow cost architectures

Low energy requirementsLow energy requirements

Potential null probability of interceptPotential null probability of intercept

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PrinciplePrinciple

Passive Radar ReceiverDVB-T transmitter

• Reference channel• Target channel

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DVB-T signalDVB-T signal

• Larger bandwidth (7.61 MHz) with respect to other broadcasting signals (e.g.: FM, GSM, UMTS, DAB)

• Wide radar coverage due to the transmitted power levels (tens of km)

• COFDM and MPEG guarantee non content dependent signal spectrum

• Complete analog TV switch off by 2012

(increasing DVB-T coverage)

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Two-way data link (max throughput of 32 MBps)

USRP USRP technology (1/2)technology (1/2)

16 cm

16 c

m

The motherboard includes:

ADC/DAC converter

2 ADC 64 MS/s @ 12 bit2 DAC 128 MS/s @ 14 bit

FPGA Altera Cyclone

Base band conversion Filtering Decimation

USB 2.0 Controller (Cypress FX2)

USRP (Universal Software Radio Peripheral) board (ver. 1)

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16 cm

16 c

m

They can be used

simultaneously or separately

• Daughterboards:

Band: from DC to 5.85 GHz

2 TX and 2 RX

http://gnuradio.org/http://gnuradio.org/

USRP USRP technology (2/2)technology (2/2)USRP (Universal Software Radio Peripheral) board (ver. 1)

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+

Preliminary measurements (1/2)Preliminary measurements (1/2)

LinuxPC

USB 2.0USB 2.0

UHFAntenna

USRPUSRPDBSRX (800-2400 MHz)DBSRX (800-2400 MHz)

DVB-Tf0=818 MHz

fs=8 MHz

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Preliminary measurements (2/2)Preliminary measurements (2/2)Signal acquisition and ambiguity function evaluation

DVB-TDVB-T Range Profile Ambiguity Function

DVB-T Doppler Profile Ambiguity Function

T=298μs (≈ 44 km)

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Passive Radar ExperimentPassive Radar ExperimentScenario Analysis

32 km

15 km

RXRX

TXTX

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Passive Radar ExperimentPassive Radar ExperimentCoverage Map

40 km

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Passive Radar ExperimentPassive Radar ExperimentDoppler Analysis

Expected Doppler frequencies for ships departing from the nearby harbour

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Passive Radar ExperimentPassive Radar ExperimentExperimental Results

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Experimental Results

Integration

Time

800 ms

Doppler Resolution

1.25Hz

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Experimental Results

Range = 2.009 nmfD = -32.42 Hz

(about 6.5 kts)

2.096 2.009 0.087 161D nm m= − = ;

Range = 2.096 nmfD = -32.42 Hz

(about 6.5 kts)

D

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Conclusion

• Software Defined Radio (SDR) concept is applicable Software Defined Radio (SDR) concept is applicable

for implementing radar functionalityfor implementing radar functionality

• Experimental results have Experimental results have proven the feasibility of a proven the feasibility of a

DVB-T based passive radar system by using a low-DVB-T based passive radar system by using a low-

cost software defined architecture (USRP)cost software defined architecture (USRP)

• An experimental system has been set up and live An experimental system has been set up and live

data acquireddata acquired

• Ships arriving and departing from the nearby harbor Ships arriving and departing from the nearby harbor have been detected (up to 5 nm)have been detected (up to 5 nm)

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Future work

• DVB-T passive radar experiments with cooperative DVB-T passive radar experiments with cooperative

targets are plannedtargets are planned

• Moving towards USRP version 2 (100 MS/s @ 14 bit)Moving towards USRP version 2 (100 MS/s @ 14 bit)

• Speed up Cross Ambiguity Function algorithmsSpeed up Cross Ambiguity Function algorithms

• Improving range resolution exploiting multiple Improving range resolution exploiting multiple

adjacent DVB-T channels of the same transmitteradjacent DVB-T channels of the same transmitter

• Feasibility study of a multistatic passive radar Feasibility study of a multistatic passive radar

configurationconfiguration

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Thank you for your attention !Thank you for your attention !

capria no_video_ship_detection_with_dvbt_software_defined_passive_radar

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