cape-2013-book-of-abstracts

NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN PROCESS ENGINEERING

CAPE-2013

October 18-19, 2013

Organized By:

Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers

Student Chapter

SASTRA University

Thanjavur

Tamil Nadu

CAPE-2013 18 – 19 October

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SASTRA UNIVERSITY A sprawling campus housing a built-up area of over 30,00,000 square feet and a vibrant population of over 10,000 students and over 700 teaching faculty have made SASTRA a landmark in the educational map of India. Since its inception SASTRA has achieved national standing in terms of academic performance, co-curricular and extra-curricular activities and also in its growth and commitment to social service. SASTRA has an ethos of its own, different from others; SASTRA presents a holistic approach to personal and professional growth. SASTRA moulds its students in such a way that their endeavours and interests transcend traditional boundaries. They do not seek to maintain status quo nor settle for observing change; they rather hope to be powerful instruments of change using their dynamic verve to make their contributions to the world. SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL & BIOTECHNOLOGY The Department of Chemical Engineering was introduced in 1994. Later in 2002, the Departments of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Bioinformatics were added and later evolved as the School of Chemical and Biotechnology in 2003. The school conducts cutting edge research in synthesis and characterization of nanomaterial’s for applications in batteries & fuel cells and for process intensification and thermal management applications and lot more. The main aim of the school is to educate, train and develop cutting edge bio-specialists capable of discovery, design and delivery of solutions to improve the quality of human life and environment. Also to educate, train and develop competent chemical engineers with their skills adequately honed to succeed in the chemical industry. The school has distinguished faculty members with rich experience in academia/industry/research. Interaction of students with the faculty is encouraged and is reflected in the high degree of success of the students in interviews, competitive examinations & technical presentations. The school has won appreciation for its consultancy activities. This has served as a very good platform for effective industry-institute interaction. INDIAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS (IIChE) Indian Institute Of Chemical Engineers is a confluence of streams of professionals from academia, research institute and industry. It provides them the appropriate forum for joint endeavours, hand-in-hand, to work for human being through application of chemical engineering and allied sciences. The Institute will carve a global niche in the field of Chemical Engineering as an institution par excellence and devise mechanisms for innovation and the logical culmination of path-breaking


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ideas. The Institute will catalyse an alliance between the government, industry, academia & research to enthuse & Invigorate the young and experienced. The Institute will continuously strive for the progress and well-being of the fraternity, the profession of chemical engineering, a clean environment and the overall betterment of our society. The Student Chapter of IIChE at SASTRA University was inaugurated during January 2011. It has conducted two National symposiums, guest lectures, debates and events on industrial defined problems. About Conference National Conference on Advances in Process Engineering (CAPE-2013) is the annual event of the SASTRA University student chapter of the Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers (IIChE). The objective of this conference is to provide an interdisciplinary forum for researchers and engineers to share and discuss their ideas on the emerging issues in process engineering. The conference focuses on all aspects of process engineering such as process development, manufacturing, and product development. The conference aims to promulgate the knowledge of the most recent advances in understanding the fundamentals and in translating the earned knowledge to specific engineering applications. The conference provides an amicable platform for fruitful interaction amongst young students, research scholars, practising engineers, academicians and industry delegates through oral and poster presentations. Guest lecturers from eminent scholars of repute, drawn from academia and industry, will serve as an impetus to steer and drive the conglomeration towards knowledge sharing.


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Themes of the Conference

Advanced separation processes Biotechnology Catalysis Chemical & Biochemical Reaction engineering Computational Fluid Dynamics Electrochemistry Energy engineering &management Environmental Engineering Food & Pharmaceutical Technology Green Technology Material science & engineering Modelling & Simulation Nanotechnology Petroleum & Petrochemicals Process control & Instrumentation Process optimisation & Intensification Rheology & polymer science Safety, hazard & risk analysis Transport Phenomena


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CONFERENCE COMMITTEE

Convenor

Dr. R. Kumaresan Associate Dean Chemical Engineering School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT) SASTRA University

Faculty Advisors

Dr. K.S. Rajan, Associate Dean - Research, SASTRA University Dr. V. Ponnusami, Professor, SASTRA University

Faculty Organizers

Dr. R. Arul Gnanaraj, Associate Dean, SASTRA University Dr. V. Alagesan, Senior Assistant Professor, SASTRA University Dr. P. R. Naren, Senior Assistant Professor, SASTRA University Mr. A. Arumugam , Assistant Professor, SASTRA University Mr. K. Raghunathan , Assistant Professor, SASTRA University Mr. M. Saravanan, Assistant Professor, SASTRA University


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ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

IIChE Council office bearers: Ms. N. Lakshmi Priya - Chairperson Mr. B. Subash – Vice Chairperson Ms. C.S. Supraja – Vice Chairperson Mr. G. Ganapathy – Secretary Ms. V. Janaka Sudha – Treasurer Mr. Z. Abdul Mohsin – Joint Secretary Ms. V. Rajapreetha – Joint Treasurer Executive Members:

Mr. T.R.K. Aditya Mr. Y.K. Aravind Mr. M. Neelesh Chandran Mr. S. Preetham Padmanabhan Mr. Priyam Nayak Mr. M. Rajasekaran Ms. Chengeri Rajitha Mr. S. Sai Siddharth Mr. R. Sarankumar Ms. Vedantam Lakshmi Sravya


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Detailed Program Schedule of National Conference on Advances in Process Engineering (CAPE - 2013)

18th - 19th October, 2013

Time Session Speaker

Day 1: 18th Oct 2013 (Friday) 07:30 - 10:00 hr Registration

09:00 - 10:30 hr Inaugural Session

Venue: JVC Auditorium

09:00 - 09:30 hr Conference Inauguration

09:30 - 10:30 hr Conference Plenary

Prof. Kannan M. Moudgalya: “Sherlock Holmes on a HDPE Reactor” Professor, Chemical Engineering Department, IIT Bombay

10:30 - 10:45 hr High Tea

10:45 - 13:00 hr Invited Lectures

Venue: JVC Auditorium

10:45 - 11:30 hr Invited Lecture - 1

Dr. N Anantharaman Professor, Chemical Engineering Department, NIT Trichy


Dr. V. K. Jayaraman: “Applications of Data Driven Models assisted by AI & Machine Learning in Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology” CSIR Emeritus Scientist, SECG, Center for Development of Advanced Computing, Pune


Dr. B. Sridhar : ”The role of computational fluid dynamics in transport phenomena” Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, IIT Bombay

13:00 - 14:00 hr LUNCH

14:00 - 15:30 hr Parallel Oral Sessions

Venue: JNC201 Oral Session 1



15:30 - 16:00 hr Tea Break

16:00 - 17:30 hr Poster Session Venue: JVC Ground Floor

End of Day 1


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Time Session Speaker Day 2: 19th October 2013 (Saturday)

09:00 - 12:30 hr Invited Lectures Venue: JVC Auditorium


Mr. R. Sirish kumar CEO, RA Chem Pharma Ltd, Hyderabad

09:45 - 10:30 hr

Invited Lecture - 5

Dr. S. Pushpavanam: “Role of Mathematical Modelling in Chemical Engineering” Professor, Chemical Engineering Department IIT Madras

10:30 - 11:00 hr Tea Break


Mr. K. N. Venkatasubramaniam Director, Essar oil Ltd. Chennai

11:45 - 12:30 hr

Invited Lecture - 7

Dr. T. Renganathan : "Thermodynamic Modelling of Gasifier" Asst. Professor, Chemical Engineering Department IIT Madras

12:30 - 13:30 hr LUNCH

13:30 - 16:30 hr Scilab Workshop Venue: JVC Auditorium

13:30 – 14:45 Scilab Workshop - Part I

14:45 - 15:00 Tea

15:00 – 16:30 Scilab Workshop - Part II

16:30- 17:00 hr High Tea

17:00 - 18:30 hr Valedictory Session Venue: JVC Auditorium

Valedictory Program

Valedictory Address Mr. T. N. Chandrasekharan:

“Role of Chemical Engineers in Process Plant Engineering” Chief Engineer, ProU India Engineering, Chennai

18:30 - 19:00 hr Issue of Participation Certificates Closure of Conference Conglomeration


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List of Invited Lectures Invited Speaker Topic Page

No. Dr. Kannan M. Moudgalya Sherlock Holmes on a HDPE Reactor 14

Dr. V. K. Jeyaraman Applications of Data Driven Models assisted by AI & Machine Learning in Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology

15

Dr. Sridhar Balasubramaniam

The role of computational fluid dynamics in transport phenomena

16

Dr. S.Pushpavanam

Role of Mathematical Modelling in Chemical Engineering

20

Dr.T. Renganathan Thermodynamic Modelling of Gasifier

21

Mr. T. N. Chandrasekharan Role of Chemical Engineers in Process Plant Engineering

22


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List of Oral Presentations

Abstract ID Name Title Page No.

CAPE-ABS-021 J.Sathish Cyclone Separator with two Tangential gas Inlets for Direct Contact Heat Exchange between Solid and Gas

24

CAPE-ABS-031 Siddharth N.R Relative regulating effect of ginkgetin and sulfasalazine against nf- kb in ulcerative colitis: in silico and in vivo studies

25

CAPE-ABS-032 R. Yashwanth Adsorption of methylene blue dye onto raw and surface modified mango seed kernel powder

26

CAPE-ABS-045 G.Hari Krishnan

Optimum Efficiency Of Photogalvanic Cell For Solar Energy Conversion And Storage Containing- Malachite Green And Cinnamic Acid System

27

CAPE-ABS-050 K.Venkata Swaroop Deflourination using Nano adsorbents 28

CAPE-ABS-059 Nandini.J Hydrolysis of Tannery Fleshing Using Pappain Enzyme

29

CAPE-ABS-061 T.Mischael Georgina Removal of Lead Ions from Aqueous Solution using Banana Bunch

30

CAPE-ABS-063 Seby Antony Bioenergy and Bioplastic Production by Lignocellulosic Market Waste

31

CAPE-ABS-069 Subhasish Das Production of Bio-Diesel from Pongamia pinnata

32

CAPE-ABS-073 P.T.R. Gupta Thermal Pyrolysis of Ligno-cellulosic Biomass

33

CAPE-ABS-076 A.Vaidhyanathan Extraction of the component from Ginger for curing Osteoarthritis

34

CAPE-ABS-081 M. Balasubramanian

Preparation and Characterization of Alginate Strengthened Chitosan and Gelatin Beads for Controlled Release of Urea Fertilizer – An Efficient Approach for Sustainable Green Environment

35


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Abstract ID Name Title Page

No.

CAPE-ABS-092 P.Elumalai An investigation on optimal composition of environment benign refrigerant mixtures in a 1 TR window air conditioner

36

CAPE-ABS-097 B.Suchithra Preparation Of Gold And Iron Oxide Nanocapsule

37

CAPE-ABS-103 Karthik Sridhar Extraction of Silica and Nanocellulose from Rice Husk

38

CAPE-ABS-107 K. Balasubramani Modeling Pilot Plan Results For Co2 Capture By Aqueous K2CO3

39

CAPE-ABS-111 T.Gopalakrishnan

Identification and Designing of Synthetic Mediated T Cell Peptide Vaccine for Food Poisoning

40



List of Poster Presentations

Abstract ID Name Title Page

No.

CAPE-ABS-020 V.M. Maruthi Srivatsan Safety, Hazards and Risk analysis

42

CAPE-ABS-035 Sudharsan.N.R Development of Bio-composite film for wet food packaging applications

43

CAPE-ABS-040 Edara Mohana Sai A Renewable Energy Approach to Green Pipe Technology and Waste Heat Management

44

CAPE-ABS-046 G.Hari Krishnan Compact Nuclear Fission Reactor For Carbon Free Energy Generation

45

CAPE-ABS-049 M.Neelesh Chandran Permit to Work - An Effective Safety System in Chemical Industries

46

CAPE-ABS-053 Krishnamoorthy . A Investigations on Self-Curing Concrete Using Sap as an Internal Curing Agent

47

CAPE-ABS-057 Kasavajjula Nikhil Energy Management of Petroleum Products 48

CAPE-ABS-062 Vijey Raghavan L Offshore Wind Energy 49

CAPE-ABS-067 S. Elango Utilization of Granite Industry Waste in High Performance Concrete Production

50



Abstract ID Name Title Page No.

CAPE-ABS-068 S. K. Shri Aravinth Process Safety Management and Process Hazard Analysis

51

CAPE-ABS-079 Chunduru Naveen Catalysis 52

CAPE-ABS-086 M.Karthick Valuable Product from Fly Ash 53

CAPE-ABS-104 Sundar Ramasamy Green Technology 54

CAPE-ABS-109 Sai Krishna C Sastry Safety and Hazard Analysis on Process Industries

55



INVITED LECTURES



IL-01 Sherlock Holmes on a HDPE Reactor

Kannan M. Moudgalya1,*

1Professor, Chemical Engineering Department, IIT Bombay

*corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract A High Density Polyethylene reactor was behaving badly and NOCIL was losing a lot of money. The speaker was asked to identify the cause of difficulties and to help operate it properly. This talk explains how the speaker had to do detective work using some of the tools available at his disposal: incidence matrix, degrees of freedom analysis, mathematical theorems developed by a control theorist and modelling and simulation of differential-algebraic equations. This work resulted in seven international journal articles and several conference papers.



IL-02

Applications of Data Driven Models assisted by AI & Machine Learning in

Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology V.K. Jayaraman1,*

1Center for Development of Advanced Computing, Pune & Shiv Nadar University, Dadri, UP


Abstract

Data driven models assisted by artificial Intelligence and Machine learning are now being increasingly employed in several chemical and bioprocess industries. These techniques are used for global optimization of reactors, heat exchangers, distillation columns and for modeling of reactors and other process equipment , detection of faults, soft sensor applications , identification of regimes of operations in reactors and for several other tasks. Recently they have also been used in chemo & bioinformatics and in drug design. In this lecture we will provide details of the techniques and their applications in chemical engineering and Biotechnology.



IL-03 The role of computational fluid dynamics in transport phenomena

Sridhar Balasubramanian1,* 1Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay


Abstract The term “transport phenomena” is a collective term covering the fundamental aspects of fluid mechanics, heat transfer, and mass transfer. In general, fluid mechanics deals with the transport of fluid momentum in a laminar or turbulent flows both on small and large scales [1]; heat transfer with the transport of heat via conduction, convection & radiation [2]; mass transfer deals with the transport of mass or concentration through gradients in solutions. Typically, basic transport processes are studied in three ways, namely, experimental methodology, theoretical analysis, and computational and numerical modeling. The experimental and theoretically methods are conventional approaches, which have been employed for centuries for study of various flow physics, ranging from the classical flow over a cylinder, to heat transfer over integrated chips. However, with the advent of computational and numerical modeling, researchers are transitioning to this approach, owing to its scalability, ease of setting up a scientific problem and the relatively quick output.

Scalability refers to the restricted parameter range in an experimental and theoretical study that is not a constraint in computational modeling. Theoretical analysis is usually appropriate to first orders, hence is not applicable for complex problems.

Ease of problem set up is low (i.e. difficulty level is high) in experimental approach. Quick output is not possible with experimental approach, due to the calibration and lead

time related issues.

Every approach has its pitfalls, and one major drawback of computational approach is validation, for which experiments are indispensible. Thus, without verification of the code and validation of the computer/numerically generated results, the model is deemed unfit for use. This drawback is resolved by integrating experiments with computation up to a point where significant level of confidence is achieved with the code. Once the computational model has been validated using benchmark experiments, the model can be scaled and extended to beyond limits that experiments can never reach. Thus, the ‘scalability’ and ‘ease of use’ are the two major factors driving the transition towards “Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)” in the scientific community. Generally, CFD is defined as the science of predicting fluid flow, heat transfer, mass transfer, chemical reactions, and related phenomena by solving the mathematical equations that govern these processes using a numerical process. In general, CFD refers to two approaches, (a) use of commercial CFD software such as Fluent, Star CD etc., and (b) development of in house and open source codes.

In this communication, two problems related to fluid dynamics and instabilities are presented, where the use of commercial CFD software (FLUENT) [3] and an open source tool (OpenFoam)



[4] was used to produce the desired results. An experimental validation is also presented for one of the cases in order to emphasize the importance of validation of the numerical model.

A CFD model is CFD applies numerical methods (called discretization) to develop approximations of the governing equations of fluid mechanics in the fluid region of interest. The

steps are as follows:

(i) Formulate a set of algebraic governing differential equations. (ii) Design a mesh with collection of cells called grid (see for e.g. Figure 1). (iii) The set of algebraic equations are solved numerically for the flow field variables at each node or cell. (iv) Systems of equations are solved simultaneously to provide solution. (v) The solution is post-processed to extract quantities of interest (e.g. lift, drag, torque, heat transfer, separation, pressure loss, etc.).

Problem 1: Mixing dynamics in stratified flows (formulated using FLUENT, and validated using experiments) Many geophysical and engineering flows in nature encounter stratification, i.e. density or temperature variation with height. The presence of stratification alters the turbulent mixing and poses a challenging fluid dynamics problem having important consequences in physical modeling of such flows. These flows are governed by Richardson number, Rig, defined as ratio of momentum to buoyancy. An experimental and computational approach using commercial software was initiated to understand the entrainment dynamics of vertical turbulent buoyant jet and plume into a linearly stratified medium. The result is shown in Figure 2, where the jet is subjected to buoyancy fluxes due to stratification and behaves like a plume and gets trapped [5].

Figure 2: Mixing dynamics of stratified jets in linearly stratified environment for Ri=0.846.

Grid cells

Figure 1: Meshed domain



Problem 2: Dynamics of liquid jets (formulated using OpenFoam) The flow dynamics of nozzle jets is very critical in combustion, sprays, and general fluid mixing processes. We report results from a numerical modeling of the multiphase jet dynamics and breakup. The nature of instability depends on the density of the jet fluid, the ambient fluid and the velocity of the jet.

Figure 3: (a) & (b) represent the volume fraction field at two different times for Re=1000. Red indicates water and blue indicates air. (c) The velocity field after time t=4 seconds at different vertical direction.

In order to capture the sharp gradient between the interfaces, Volume of Fluid (VOF) method is used. The numerical scheme is solved using OpenFoam, which is open source. In Figure 3, the numerical results of water jet into air are shown. Figure 3a &b shows the volume fraction of water into air at two different times for Reynolds number, Re=1000. The initiation of instability and droplet formation is clearly seen. The velocity profiles are measured to quantitatively as shown in Figure 3c. The result of this study is useful in explain the mixing and growth of the instability in such complex multiphase flows [6].

In the scientific, research and industrial community, the key role of computational fluid dynamics in transport phenomena related problems for a thorough understanding of physical processes should be realized. The computational and numerical modeling essentially bridge the gap between scaled experimental approach, which is limited by the parameter ranges, and field experiments that are cumbersome and expensive. Thus, CFD in conjunction with small scale bench-mark experiments should be the modus-operandi of young prospective researchers.

References: 1. G.K. Batchelor, An Introduction to fluid dynamics, Cambrige press, 1967. 2. Y.A. Cengel, Heat & Mass Transfer: A Practical Approach, Tata McGraw Hill, 2007. 3. Ansys Fluent theory guide. 4. Open source manual and online tutorials. 5. Harish N, Sridhar Balasubramanian, Shubham Yadav, & Avik Das, 2013, Experimental study of jets and

plumes in stratified environment, Proceedings of the Fortieth National Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power, NIT Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India.



6. Avick Sinha, S. Gopalakrishnan, & Sridhar Balasubramanian, 2013, Numerical study of dynamics of spray formed by a multiphase jet, Proceedings of the Fortieth National Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power, NIT Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India.



IL-04

Role of Mathematical Modelling in Chemical Engineering S.Pushpavanam1,*

1Chemical Engineering Department, IIT Madras ,600036


Abstract In this talk we will discuss the role of mathematics and computer simulations in developing a detailed understanding of processes occurring in chemical engineering systems. Modelling deals with writing the conservation equations of mass, momentum and energy for a given system. Simulation involves solving these equations on a computer to predict the behaviour of the processes occurring in the system. The advantages and disadvantages of using commercial software packages will be highlighted. It will be shown that these have to be used with caution. Case studies will be discussed in detail to illustrate the concepts involved. In particular the role of making simplifying assumptions in carrying out a computation will be emphasized to develop a thorough understanding of the effect of various physical parameters on the system behaviour. These simplifications help in getting analytical solutions and provide insight which would otherwise be lost if we did rigorous full scale computational simulations using software packages.



IL-05

Thermodynamic Modelling of Gasifier T.Renganathan1,*

1Department of Chemical Engineering ,Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India *corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Gasifier is a reactor in which feedstocks like coal, biomass are converted to a gaseous fuel namely synthesis gas by reacting with air and steam. Gasification is a heterogeneous gas-solid non-catalytic reaction commercially carried out in moving, entrained or fluidized beds. Gasification has gained importance as a clean coal technology for power generation due to the low emission of oxides of nitrogen and sulphur. Gasifiers can be modelled using an equilibrium approach or a rate based approach (Ravikiran et al. 2012). The equilibrium approach is based on the thermodynamic concept of chemical reaction and phase equilibria. It assumes that the rate of reactions is very fast relative to the residence time of reactants in the gasifier so that equilibrium conditions can be attained. The predictions using this approach can be realised only when this assumption is met. On the other hand the rate based approach is more comprehensive. The hydrodynamics of the specific type of gasifier, transport processes and reaction kinetics are taken into account in the development of a rate based model. Consequently, the results of a rate based simulation are closer to experimental results. However, the development of a rate based model is challenging depending on the level of detail required. This is determined by the type of gasifier used. Though the rate based model is more realistic compared to equilibrium models, equilibrium models give a quick idea of the limits of operation and hence are useful for preliminary design of gasifiers. The equilibrium model formation can be based on two approaches (Ravikiran et al. 2012). The stoichiometric approach is based on a set of selected independent reactions and uses elemental balances and the equilibrium relations of the reactions. The non-stoichiometric approach (also called Gibbs free energy minimization approach) is based on a set of selected species assumed to be present in the syngas. This method minimizes the total Gibbs free energy of the system subjected to the constraints of elemental balances and energy balance. In this talk, the stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric approach of equilibrium modelling of gasifier will be discussed. The equivalence of the two approaches will be shown. The use of the process simulator Aspen Plus in the simulation of the gasifier will be highlighted. The performance of the gasifier predicted by the thermodynamic model will be discussed.

Reference

Ravikiran, A., Renganathan, T., Pushpavanam, S., Voolapalli, R.K., Cho, Y.S., “Generalized Analysis of Gasifier Performance using Equilibrium Modeling”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 51, 1601-1611 (2012).



IL-06

Role of Chemical Engineers in Process Plant Engineering T.N.Chandrasekaran1,*

1Chief Engineer, ProU India Engineering Private Limited, Chennai-600018-India *corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract: Chemical or Process engineers play a vital role in development of process technology, basic and detailed engineering, procurement, construction and commissioning of the chemical process plants in the important segments like oil and gas, chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries. A chemical Engineer is responsible for developing processes and manufacturing various chemicals using the plant and equipment designed to meet the latest National and International codes and standards and Complying with safety, environmental and other regulations. He or She controls, manages and interacts effectively with Engineers from various disciplines like Mechanical, Electrical. Instrumentation, Civil and structural, and Safety using the latest software & management skills to conceptualize, design, erect, commission and operate chemical plants meeting the above stated goals. The principal objective of this paper and presentation is to give an industry oriented perspective and requirements for which the budding chemical engineer has to acquire and expand his or her skills pertaining to basic chemical engineering knowledge and the software skills which are mandatory for implementation of the chemical projects. The paper defines the role of a chemical engineer in process plant engineering with special emphasis on the attributes required, chemical engineering knowledge requirements, essential software skills, fields of opportunities in this industry, their responsibilities pertaining to process plant engineering, career growth prospects and industry expectation. This is an earnest attempt to understand the dilemma experienced by the fresh chemical engineers on their future prospects and to give focus to their vision on the opportunities available in this industry segment, limited only by their enthusiasm, interest and passion of excellence in the discipline chosen by them.



ORAL PRESENTATIONS



ABS-021

Cyclone Separator with two Tangential gas Inlets for Direct Contact Heat

Exchange between Solid and Gas J.Sathish1,*, R.Vijayalakshmi1 and K.Muniyandi2

1M.Tech, Department of Chemical Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Erode, TN, India 2B.Tech, Service Engineer, Skychem Water Technology, Chennai


Abstract

Experiments were conducted to observe the effect of addition of second gas inlet in cyclone separator on particle separation and direct heat transfer between solid and gas. The low temperature gas received heat from high temperature solid particles supplied from above at the center of the chamber. A direct contact heat exchange pattern was realized so that the effective recovery of heat carried by particles was achieved. Attaching two small tangential gas inlets, opposite to each other, showed improvement in exchange of heat without affecting the particle recovery efficiency. The outlet gas temperature was much higher than the particle outlet temperature. The particle concentrations and particle size distributions at the inlet and outlet of the cyclone separator were measured. The overall efficiency (the ratio of the particle concentration difference between the inlet and outlet of the cyclone separator to the inlet particle concentration) was determined. The grade efficiency was obtained by comparing the particle size distributions at the inlet and outlet of the cyclone separator. Experimental results showed that the overall collection efficiencies and grade efficiencies increased with the increasing particle concentrations and inlet velocities and that most of the particles with diameters larger than 10 μm could be removed by cyclone separator. Keywords: particle recovery, gas-solid separation, gas-solid heat exchanger, cyclone separator, particle recovery efficiency.



ABS-031

Relative regulating effect of ginkgetin and sulfasalazine against nf- kb in

ulcerative colitis: in silico and in vivo studies Siddharth N.R1,*, Punith M1, Manjunath Dammalli1, Mahantesh.I.Biradar1, Vivek

Chandramohan1, B.S Gowrishankar1, B.S.Tippeswamy2 and Veeresh.V.Veerapur2 1Department of Biotechnology, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, Karnataka -572103

2Sree Siddaganga College of Pharmacy, Tumkur, Karnataka -572102 *corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestine. Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) is found to play an ubiquitous role in immune and inflammatory response. In the present study, the comparative modulating effect of Ginkgetin and Sulfasalazine (FDA approved drug for colitis) was evaluated against NF-κB using in silico structure based drug design approach (Biosolve IT- flexX). Docking score of Ginkgetin -25.3789, ADME properties, toxicity profile were superior compared to the sulfasalazine -12.4589. Further the protective effect of Ginkgetin (25 & 50 mg/kg, p.o.) was evaluated in acetic acid induced colitis in rats. Experimental rats were pretreated with Ginkgetin and sulfasalazine for 5 days before the induction of colitis. On 7th day, Ginkgetin treatment exhibited significant reduction in clinical activity score, gross lesion score, percent affected area and wet colon weight compared to acetic acid induced rats. The treatment also reduced significantly the colonic myeloperoxidase activity, lipid peroxidation and serum LDH and significantly increased the glutathione. Furthermore, observed beneficial activity of Ginkgetin was also confirmed by Histopathological analysis. Moreover the foregoing property of the probable compound is analyzed at the molecular level by performing the estimation of Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-kB), which is one of the major key players in the inflammatory diseases. The study indicated the feasibility of Ginkgetin as a probable drug candidate for the treatment of ulcerative colitis with good pharmacological properties. Keywords: Ulcerative colitis, Anti-inflammatory compounds, Ginkgetin, Sulafasalazine



ABS-032

Adsorption of methylene blue dye onto raw and surface modified mango seed

kernel powder R. Yashwanth1,* and P. Senthil Kumar1,2

1Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai, 603 110, India *corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract The application of raw Bangalora (Totapuri) mango seed kernel powder (RMS) and surface modified Bangalora (Totapuri) mango seed kernel powder (SMMS) for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution was investigated under ambient conditions. The adsorbent was characterized by the FTIR and SEM analyses. Batch adsorption studies were conducted by varying the solution pH, adsorbent dose, initial MB dye concentration and contact time. The optimum conditions for the adsorption of MB dye onto the adsorbent was found to be: pH (8.0), adsorbent dose (1.0 g: RMS and 0.4 g: SMMS), contact time (60 min: RMS and 30 min: SMMS), temperature of 30 oC for an initial MB dye concentration of 100 mg/L. Adsorption isotherm data were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. Experimental data was successfully applied to the Freundlich model than the Langmuir model and the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was found to be greater for SMMS than the RMS. Adsorption kinetics was tested with the pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models. The kinetic results show that the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model. Adsorption kinetic data were further applied to the intraparticle diffusion, Boyd kinetic and Shrinking core models in order to explain the adsorption mechanism. Adsorption mechanism results shows that the adsorption process was controlled by both internal and external diffusion. The results of this study show that the SMMS could be employed as an effective and low-cost adsorbent for the removal of dyes from aqueous solution. Keywords: Adsorption, Methylene blue, Isotherms, Kinetics, Mechanism



ABS-045

Optimum Efficiency of Photogalvanic Cell for Solar Energy Conversion and

Storage containing- Malachite Green and Cinnamic Acid System G.Hari Krishnan1,* and F.Nayeem Akram1

1Department Of Chemical Engineering, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sri Perumbudur, Chennai *corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Photogalvanic effect was studied in a photogalvanic cell containing malachite green as photosensitizer in cinnamic acid system. A sintered filter was used in H-cell between the diffusion length. In malachite green and cinnamic acid system the photopotential and photocurrent were observed 216 mV and 1.225 mA respectively. The conversion efficiency of the system was observed 2.10% and fill factor was determined as 0.21. The cell performance (storage capacity) was observed 130.0 minutes in dark. The effects of different parameters on the electrical output of the cell were observed and current-voltage (i -V) characteristics of the cell were also studied. The mechanism was proposed for the generation of photocurrent in photogalvanic cell.



ABS-050

Deflourination using Nano adsorbents K.Venkata Swaroop1,*, G.Jayadhar1 and Ashish Kumar Saroj1

1Department Of Chemical Engineering, NIT Calicut, Kozhikode-673601


Abstract

The present study describes the synthesis of porous Magnesium oxide (MgO) coated magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles for removal of fluoride from synthetic water solution. The nanoparticles have been synthesized for analyzing the fluoride scavenging potential via modification of sol-gel method. Characterization of the material was done with SEM, EDAX and DLS. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm of fluoride removal from aqueous synthetic solution was studied by batch model as a function of adsorbent dose, pH of solution, contact time and initial fluoride concentration. The percentage removal of fluoride was 98.5 % at an optimal condition of initial concentration; 13.6 mg/L, adsorbent dose; 2 g/L, contact time; 120 min, at pH; 6. Adsorption kinetic study revealed that the adsorption process followed pseudo-second order. The removal process followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. SEM analysis shows that it is a porous material. The maximum loading capacity was found to be 10.96 mg/g. Regression analysis showed good fit of the experimental data to the second-order polynomial model with coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.9976. Keywords: Fluoride scavenging, sol-gel method, regression analysis.



ABS-059

Hydrolysis of Tannery Fleshing Using Pappain Enzyme Nandini.J1,*,Monica.R1, Nayana Dinakar1 and Moksha.S.Nair1

1Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Nagar,

Thandalam,Chennai-602 105 *corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Tanning is the process by which hides and skins of animals are converted into imputrescible substance, leather. However, tons of tannery fleshings produced as solid wastes posses wide disposal problems for leather manufacturing countries all over the world causing environmental pollution. Hydrolysis of these fleshings and using them as a fish or a chick feed can be a vital solution for it. Therefore, in a view to obtain utmost utilization of these wastes, the tannery fleshings are hydrolysed under acidic conditions using Pappain enzyme of different concentration and at different temperatures. Greater hydrolysis is achieved at higher concentrations of enzyme, at a pH of 6-7 and at a controlled temperature of 50-55°c. The protein hydrolysate obtained could then be incorporated into Poultry and Fish feeds. Keywords: Tanning, hydrolysis, Pappain, temperature, acidic, concentration



ABS-061

Removal of Lead Ions from Aqueous Solution using

Banana Bunch P.Muthusamy1,*, T.Mischael Georgina1, S.Gabriel1 and H.Deva Sofia1

1Department of Biotechnology, Karunya University, Coimbatore-641114 *corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Environmental pollution by heavy metals released from industries has become major source of contamination to the surface water and ground water causing various toxic effects. These heavy metals have lethal effects on all forms of life and they include Ar, Cu, Cr, Fe, Pb, Hg, Zn, Ni, Cd, Co etc. The toxicity of lead ions is one of major concern because of its ill effects to the humans. Biosorption is a method for the removal of heavy metals from effluent using biological materials. This paper is concerned with the removal of lead ions by biosorption. The ability of the banana bunch is used for the removal of lead ions and the efficiency of removal was studied. 92.8% of lead removal was obtained from the banana bunch dry biomass at 400mg/L lead concentration, pH 3.0, 35°C and 250 rpm. . Further isotherm and kinetic studies were carried out using Langmuir isotherm, Freundlich isotherm and Temkin isotherm first order kinetics and second order kinetics were studied and their nature adsorption was found to be efficient, desorption was carried out. Thus biosorption using the banana bunch has been proved to be cost effective and an efficient approach for the removal of lead ions. Keywords: Banana bunch, Langmuir isotherm, Freundlich isotherm, 1st order kinetics and 2nd order kinetics.



ABS-063

Bioenergy and Bioplastic Production by Lignocellulosic Market Waste Seby Antony1,*, Sangeetha Gopal1, Celine Thomas1, Sajin A.K1 and Rahna K Rathnan1

1Sahrdaya College of Engineering & Technology, Kodakara, Kerala 680684


Abstract Lignocellulosic waste has become a major component of the waste produced by the fruit

and vegetable market. Lignocellulose is a biological polymer which is made up of glucose and takes more time for natural degradation. Tons of this type of waste produced will cause serious pollution if untreated or managed improperly. The lignocellulosic waste which is dumped near the markets will make the other pathogenic microbes to grow on it and will make serious health issues. The waste can also contaminate the fresh vegetables and fruits in the market. By this project we aim the proper treatment of lignocellulosic waste by the production of bioelectricity, bioethanol, enzymes and Bioplastic. Electrical energy is vital resource for any developing nation. The lignocellulosic waste is degraded by the consortium of microbes which contains Pencillium, Tricoderma and Aspergillus species. The microbes will convert the lignocellulosic components into simple sugar molecule, glucose. The glucose degradation will produce enormous amount of electrons. The electrons resulting from the oxidation are conveyed to an electron transport chain, across appropriate electron carriers depending on the terminal electron acceptor molecule. The microbes utilize the solid waste and break it down into smaller Biomolecules. These Biomolecules serve as both the nutrient source for the microbes and as the energy source for the working of the battery. Using the electrodes made of suitable metals we can setup the battery for harvesting electrical energy. The glucose which is produced after the degradation of lignocellulosic material can be converted to ethanol by using fermenting microbes. Ethanol can be used as Biofuel by mixing with petrol in a specific ratio and can be used in engines. This can considerably reduce the use of fossil fuels and thus can be considered as a greener and ecofriendly source. The remaining cellulose undegraded can be made use to produce cellulose tri acetate which is a biopolymer.

Keywords: Lignocellulosic waste, bioelectricity, bioethanol,enzymes and bioplastic



ABS-069

Production of Bio-Diesel from Pongamia pinnata Subhasish Das1,* ,Vidhvath Viswanathan1, 2 and Vinodh Mohan1 1School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401

2Dr. Reddy’s Laboratory, Biologics Development centre, Bachupally, Miyapur, Hyderabad-500090 *corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Due to the depletion of natural petroleum resources, high costs of petrol/diesel and the harmful by-products released by their consumption, there is an urgent need to find an alternative renewable source of fuel; which is why biodiesel is being studied extensively. Biodiesel production from Pongamia oil is an attractive alternative since the net release of harmful gases (SOx and NOx) from the Pongamia biodiesel is quite lesser than petro-diesel, the vegetable oil is inedible, the leguminous Pongamia tree — Pongamia pinnata does not compete with food crops or lands for growing since it can grow in marginal lands without much care. In this study, a two step acid-base catalysed transesterification process has been studied for the production of biodiesel from Pongamia oil, since the previously reported single step trans-esterification method often encountered saponification problems. The first step in this study involves acid (H2SO4) catalysed pre-treatment to remove excess free fatty acid content present in pongamia oil. In the second step base (NaOH) catalysed transesterification is performed to convert the triglycerides to methyl esters. The effects of (1) reaction temperature, (2) reaction time, (3) NaOH concentration, (4) methanol/oil ratio, (5) agitation on biodiesel production from Pongamia oil were also studied. As much as 98% biodiesel could be produced in the study, which had the following physical characteristics: (a) density: 891 kg/m3, (b) kinematic viscosity: 4.91 centistoke at 40oC, (c) flash point: 140o C, (d) fire point : 170o C and chemical composition of mainly (1) methyl palmitate, (2) methyl oleate and also (3) methyl stearate, (4) methyl laurate, (5) elaidic acid methyl ester, (6) eicosenoic acid methyl ester etc. in less amount as confirmed by GC-MS analysis. Keywords: Pongamia pinnata, biodiesel, two step acid-base catalysed trans-esterification



ABS-073

Thermal Pyrolysis of Ligno-cellulosic Biomass

P.T.R. Gupta1,*and Swati Achra1 1Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641112


Abstract

Batch thermal pyrolysis of ligno-cellulosic biomass i.e. wet leaves; containing about 43 wt% moisture was conducted at different temperatures viz: 300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C and 600 °C, to appraise its utilization as fuel and/or chemicals. Wet leaves (grinded) were chosen as the feed to see the effect of water on degradation reactions during pyrolysis process. The pyrolysis products comprised of gases, liquids (aqueous and oil phases), and solids (biochar) were characterized by different analytical techniques. The gases were found dominant in H2 along with CO, CO2, CH4, C2H4, C2H6, C3H8, whereas liquid products were hydrocarbons, phenolic compounds, alcohols, acids, aldehydes, and ketones. The mole percentage of gases decreased with an increase in pyrolysis temperatures, however reverse trend was observed in case of liquid products. Further, the acid value measurement of liquids products showed the acidic nature. The solid residue of leave pyrolysis, so called, biochar was alkaline in nature (pH = 8–10), having irregular sizes and porous surfaces. The functionality of biochar measured through IR spectroscopy may contribute its application into the soil improvement. It was found that pH and electrical conductivity of the biochar increases with an increase in pyrolysis temperatures. The process also resulted in the formation of bio-tar (about 1- 2 %), which was obtained only at higher temperatures (600 °C). Keywords: Thermal pyrolysis, Ligno-cellulosic, biomass.



ABS-076

Extraction of the component from Ginger for curing Osteoarthritis A.Vaidhyanathan1,* and G.Ganapathy1

1School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401


Abstract

Arthritis is a common disease mostly found among old aged people. Osteoarthritis is one form of arthritis which causes inflammation, swelling and stiffness to the bone joints. This pain occurs because of the degeneration to the cartilage tissues surrounding the bone joints which acts like a lubricant and enables smooth functioning and mobility of the bone joints. The current method of curing involves the use of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen and naproxen. But these synthetic chemical drugs carry several side effects such as heart attack, stroke, stomach ulcers, bleeding from the digestive tract etc. Ginger has been used in the curing of arthritis because of anti-inflammation ingredients present in it and also it’s a natural product with no side effects. Analysis of ginger composition showed that it contains the necessary vitamins and minerals needed for curing arthritis. One of the important proteinogenic amino acid found to be present in ginger is glutamic acid. Glutamic acid can be converted to glucosamine, a significant protein in building cartilage tissues. Grinding and Solvent extraction using alcohol has been carried out to extract the brown viscous liquid oleoresin from ginger. The oleoresin extract is passed into a ion exchange column which will contain dowex 50 X8 cation exchange resin 50-100mesh of hydrogen type. The alcohol will pass through and amino acids remain in the resin. After that, the amino acid is hydrolyzed with caustic soda. Then neutralization and acidification of hydrolysate is carried out and inorganic salts are removed. The hydrolysate is crystallized for separation and purification of glutamic acid is done. The glumatic acid obtained is quantified and this Glutamic acid can be converted to glucosamine. Thus ginger contains Glutamic acid and this can be separated out from the oleoresin extracted from ginger for glucosamine production. Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Ginger, Glutamic acid, Ion exchange, Glucosamine.



ABS-081

Preparation and Characterization of Alginate Strengthened Chitosan and

Gelatin Beads for Controlled Release of Urea Fertilizer – An Efficient

Approach for Sustainable Green Environment S. Indumathi1 and M. Balasubramanian1,*

1Department of Biotechnology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode-637215


Abstract The major threat that our nation faces today is the lack of soil fertility. Usage of chemical fertilizer directly into agricultural lands may enhance the production rate once but it cannot sustain the natural nutritious value of the soil forever. Controlled release formulations of fertilizers using biopolymers are the technically advanced approach of supplying nutrients to the plants. In this work, the nitrogen fertilizer, urea is entrapped within alginate strengthened chitosan and gelatin glass beads at three different concentrations. The physical properties of the beads like diameter, porosity, yield percentage, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ratio was determined. Diameter and yield percentage of gelatin-chitosan beads were found to be maximum than the chitosan-alginate beads. Porosity, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ratio of the chitosan-alginate beads were found to be maximum than the gelatin-alginate beads. The amount of urea from the entrapped beads was estimated spectrophotometrically at 540 nm by DAM (DiAcetyl Monoxime) method. It was observed that chitosan beads had better fertilizer entrapping efficiency than the gelatin beads. Swelling of the beads was found to be maximum with Sodium acetate buffer at pH of 5.6 when compared to 7 and 8.5. Urea at increasing order of concentrations was found to increase the porous nature of chitosan-alginate beads thereby enhancing swelling. In case of gelatin-alginate beads, urea seems to decrease the swelling capacity of beads and also the presence of ions in the swelling medium was found to affect the swelling nature of gelatin beads. The internal structure and morphology of the beads was studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The microscopic images illustrated that morphology of the chitosan-alginate and gelatin-alginate beads was collapsed due to entrapment of urea. The controlled release of fertilizers offers great potential in enhancing fertilizer efficiency, minimizing leaching and reducing environmental pollution. Keywords: Controlled release, chitosan, gelatin, alginate, urea



ABS-092

An investigation on optimal composition of environment benign refrigerant

mixtures in a 1 TR window air conditioner P.Elumalai1,* R.Vijayan1, 2 and C.Solaimuthu3

1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Paavai Engineering College, Namakkal- 637018 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Salem- 637018

3Department of Mechanical Engineering, PMC Tech.,Er.Perumal Manimekalai College of Engineering Hosur- 635117


Abstract

Simulation is an analytical approach for predicting the performance parameters of any system through a mathematical model and it is truly represented the characteristic behaviour of the system. This paper deals with the modelling and simulation of the air conditioning system with eco-friendly refrigerant mixtures. The properties of the mixtures were obtained from REFPROP for the operating temperature ranging from 0oC to 60oC.MATLAB/SIMULINK software has been used for modelling and simulation of the selected refrigerant mixtures. Simulation studies carried out on the performance of ternary blends of Hydro chlorofluorocarbons, Hydro fluorocarbons and Hydro carbons with various compositions (by weight) have shown to reduce ozone depletion, global warming which favourable eco-friendly aspects. In this study, the selected ternary refrigerant mixtures are found to provide better efficiency without causing any environmental hazard and thus can be used as an alternate working fluid for residential air conditioning and heat pump applications. Keywords: Refrigerant, simulation, modelling, global warming, Air conditioner



ABS-097

Preparation of Gold and Iron Oxide Nanocapsule V.Nandhini1 and B.Suchithra1,*

1Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam 603 110, India *corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Cisplatin, an Anti-Cancer Drug is one of the most commonly used for the Treatment of cancer. But it has its own side effects like Neurotoxicity, Nephrotoxicity, etc. Our main aim is to improve the efficiency with reduced toxicity and site specificity of the drug. Nano capsules of cisplatin containing ethyl cellulose have been prepared using solvent evaporation technique under ambient conditions. These capsules were used for controlled drug delivery using gold and iron oxide nanoparticles. They were characterised by SEM (Scanning electron microscope) and TEM (Transmission electron microscope). The studies revealed that they were spherical in shape. FT-IR studies proved that no interaction took place between drug, polymer and the nanoparticles. Drug release were carried out in Acidic and Basic medium which showed that acidic medium had a faster release rate. Also gold Nano capsules had a slower release rate compared to iron oxide. Hence gold Nano particles can be used as a good trapping agents for controlled drug delivery in future. Keywords: Cisplatin, Cancer, Drug, SEM, TEM, Release rate



ABS-103

Extraction of Silica and Nanocellulose from Rice Husk Karthik Sridhar1,*, Srivatsan.M 1 and Lalith Kumar.S1

1SSN college of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai 603110. *corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Rice husk is an agricultural waste material which is available in abundance in the world. Being a renewable and natural resource, it has very high potential for manufacturing several value-added products. Most of this value added products are being burnt along with the husk. Earlier studies on this topic were about extracting either silica from ash by calcination or cellulose by hydrolysis. The main objective of this paper is to use rice husk to its optimum level and extract both nanocellulose and silica. The rice husk is boiled with 3% KOH after pre-treatment (1:12 ratio). It is then treated with 10% HCl. At this stage, silica is formed as a precipitate which is separated by mechanical means and lignocellulosic residue (named as C1) is obtained. This residue is mixed with 0.7% sodium chlorite at the ratio 1:50 g solid/ ml liquor and is boiled. The product of this is treated with 5% sodium bisulphite at solid to liquid ratio of 1g/50 ml, washed and dried in air circulated over at about 100 deg C. The resultant product (named as C2) is treated with 17.5% NaOH at room temperature and washed and dried again. At this stage, cellulose based product is obtained (named as C3). This , on acid hydrolysis with 60% Sulphuric acid solution with constant stirring gives nanocellulose, which is further washed several times , centrifuged and freeze dried to get the neutral nanocellulose. The properties of nanocellulose (e.g. mechanical properties, film-forming properties, viscosity etc.) makes it a potential material for many applications such as paper and paperboard manufacture , composite applications (such as coatings , paints , films and foams), oil recovery , cosmetics , medical , pharmaceutical and applications in electronic sector( e.g. flexible screens). Keywords: Rice husk, Silica, Lignocellulosic residue, Nanocellulose



ABS-107

Modeling Pilot Plan Results For Co2 Capture By Aqueous K2CO3

K. Balasubramani1,*, R. Mary Leenu Vaz1, R. Sellakumar1, N Sivarajasekar2 and

R. Rajasekar1 1PG Student, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Erode

2Assistant Professor (SrG), Department of Chemical Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Erode. *corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

Carbon-dioxide (CO2) capturing from flue gas of power stations is an effective way to mitigate the global warming. Aqueous solutions of carbonate salts such as potassium carbonate are viable solvents for capture of CO2. Using an absorber column, we have evaluated the reaction kinetics of CO2 absorption into a K2CO3 solution promoted with mono ethanol amine (MEA). Results calculated here show that at63 C the addition of MEA at small quantities 15% (wt.), accelerates the overall rate of absorption of CO2, in a 30 % (wt.) potassium carbonate solvent. Using Aspen plus, we have developed an NRTL model that can replicate pilot plan and simulate industrial capture process employing K2CO3 promoted with MEA as the capturing agent.



ABS-111

Identification and Designing of Synthetic Mediated T Cell Peptide Vaccine for

Food Poisoning T.Gopalakrishnan1,*, T.Vignesh1 and P.Thanika Vel1

1Department Of Biotechnology, ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI-600025 *corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Food poisoning has become one of the growing Global problems and has known to cause serious effects on the health of a person if found to be vulnerable to the infection. The best known method for the prevention of the food poisoning is to cook the raw meat in such a way that the sporulation does not occur in any chance and also that the meat does not serve as a medium for the various species of the bacteria to grow on it which may give rise to food poisoning and various infections. The main goal of the study is to block the adhesion of the bacteria in to the host Gut region and in the epithelial lining of the intestinal tract. The protein sequencing studies which is being done in the course of the study and it has been found to highlight the regions of the proteins that are found to be conserved between the regions of closely related species of bacteria and found to be different in other types of pathogenic bacteria. Binding of the Antigen to the Major Histocompatibility Complex was done using "REVERSE VACCINOLOGY". Reverse Vaccinology is a technique that is being used to predict and to identify immunogenic peptides from the sequence of a gene product of interest. These selected proteins were being subjected and analyzed for their binding efficiency to both Major Histocompatibility Complex. There were 9 epitopes which showed the binding efficiency with the Major Histocompatibility class I. From the 9 epitopes that were subjected to molecular docking by using Discovery Studio software 8 epitopes showed the best binding efficiency. The epitope number 9 showed the great positive C docker energy. By analyzing it after the docking with the MHC class I. There was 4 internal hydrogen bonds and 1 external hydrogen bonds. The amino acids that was being present were also being identified . The Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Query sequence and the Clostridium B str. shared the same sequence. Keywords: Sequencing, Conserved, Reverse Vaccinology, Major Histocompatibility Complex class I, Epitopes, Phylogenetic Analysis



POSTER PRESENTATION



ABS-020

Safety, Hazards and Risk analysis V.M. Maruthi Srivatsan1,*, P. Ranjith Kumar1 and M. Ramesh1

1School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401 *corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

Improvisation and invention of new technologies in the production sectors makes the condition of everyday lives potential and necessary for economic activity and growth. However, the development in the infrastructure and the invention of latest devices poses safety hazards and risks to those working. Therefore, the identification of hazards and managing the risks they create is integral towards continually improving safety levels in Management. The aim of these systems is to develop safety into planning by introducing health and safety considerations at an early stage. These systems can successfully identify general safety hazards and issues associated with broadly classified schedule activities and can prove very useful for far-in advance planning. Safety provides many disciplined approaches to hazard identification and risk analysis. Risk has two components, severity and probability; both must be determined to assess risk. The techniques presented in this module can be used to assess risk to employees, facilities, equipment, production, quality and the environment. This module is intended for instructors already acquainted with safety. Instructors may incorporate individual lessons or the entire module to form the basis in risk assessment and system safety (perhaps entitled “Safety, hazards and Risk analysis”). This presentation sets out to identify ways to effectively enforce Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) regulation. In the field of OHS, public enforcement work is being done by health and safety inspectorates, whose work is scrutinized in this study. This work seeks to fully understand the problems pertaining to the safety hazards and risks and highlight the issues concerning safety measures in a comprehensive review.

Keywords: Occupational Health and Safety, Severity, Probability, Risk, Hazard.



ABS-035

Development of Bio-composite film for wet food packaging applications Sudharsan.N.R1,*

1Department of Polymer Technology, B.S.Abdur Rahman University, Chennai 600048

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract In general, compared to conventional plastics derived from petroleum, bio-based polymers have more diverse opportunities to customize the properties of the materials. The primary challenge facing in producing bio-plastic packaging film is to match the durability of the packaging with the conventional films. The Major requirement for a packaging film for wet foods is to have good water absorption, anti microbial action and good durability. My project is to develop biocomposite films of PLA and chitosan blend, to meet the above mentioned requirements. The composite of chitosan and poly (lactic acid) is blended in the twin screw extruder in various compositions by varying the percentage of chitosan from 5 % till virgin poly (lactic acid). The blended composites are made into films in two ways (micro and Nano). The composites are extruded into the films of thickness according to the standards of various testing methods. The solutions of the blend are electro spun into Nano fibers using electro spinning machine to overcome the dispersion problem. The water absorption characteristics and the other properties are tested and characterized. From the studies the optimum composition of chitosan and poly lactic acid which having optimum properties are highlighted. This project as more Sustainable scope in the future as most of us prefer “Go Green policy” Keywords: Bio-Composites, Packaging, Meat, Film, Nano-Mat



ABS-040

A Renewable Energy Approach to Green Pipe Technology and Waste Heat

Management Edara Mohana Sai1,* and Dinesh Krishna K M1

1Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering SASTRA University, Tirumalaisamuthram, Thanjavur-613402 *corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

The electricity requirements of the world including India are increasing in alarming rate and power demand has been running ahead of supply, it is also now widely recognized that the fossil fuels and other conventional resources, presently being used may not be either sufficient or suitable to keep pace with ever increasing demand of the electrical energy of the world. The generation of electrical power from hydro-electric power plants requires large area and also depends mainly on availability of water which is one of the major concern. This green-pipe technology can be the solution for most of the problems in hydro-electric power plants. In this technology we use water pressure from pump house units by installing turbines inside the water supply pipes which can generate optimum amount of energy. In Industries a large amount of heat is dissipated through various sources which are left out to the atmosphere through mufflers, this loss of heat reduces the efficiency of the power plant. In this waste heat management methodology the hot air is collected by using series draught fans around the furnace or boilers and sent to thermally insulated chambers and electricity can be generated by converting the heat into steam by the process of recycling. This paper attempts to explain the innovative method of generating clean energy in detail by using green pipe technology and waste heat in industries.



ABS-046

Compact Nuclear Fission Reactor For Carbon Free Energy Generation G.Harikrishnan1,*, V.Naveen1 and S.Gokul1

1Department Of Chemical Engineering ,Sri Venkateswara College Of Engineering,Sriperumbudur,Chennai,Tamil Nadu *corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

For the need of an efficient eco-friendly energy engineering, a self-contained, small underground Nuclear Fission Reactor that generates carbon free energy has a wide range of applications. This is a modified design & implementation idea of molten salt reactors which allows us to build one, even in small industries like never before. This reactor is completely portable. This idea of compact nuclear fission reactor is capable of generating approximately 50MW electricity & needs refuelling just once in every 30 years. Right from designing to dumping the used reactor, everything is safe and easy. Operating at high temperatures with no need for high pressures, makes this reactor much safer than others. This idea of compact Nuclear Fission Reactor has a fast response to load & it is enough to be installed 6m under the ground. As the radioactive emission is greatly reduced in this reactor just sealing & dumping the reactor is a safe disposal.

The most unique feature of this reactor is, reactors built on this idea generates carbon free energy which is highly needed for saving the environment to have a better tomorrow.

Keywords: molten salt reactors, 50MW electricity, no need for high pressures, carbon free energy



ABS-049

Permit to Work - An Effective Safety System in Chemical Industries M.Neelesh Chandran1,* and C.S.Vighnesh1


* Corresponding Author: [email protected]

Abstract Safety, in the contemporary business context, is one of the key performance indicators. It is an integral part of the business and not an isolated indicator. Besides the statutory requirement, Safety is one of the critical factors determining the reputation of a business organization. Safety System, in a broader perspective, covers various disciplines like Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), Work Permit System, Onsite Emergency Plan, Offsite Emergency Plan and Incident Investigation. To be specific, this paper discusses how Work Permit System, being a critical process, plays a major role during unit operations, projects and maintenance in Chemical Industries. A Safe Work Permit System is a formal written system used to control potential hazardous likely to arise during operations, projects and maintenance. It is also a method of structured communication between the maintenance or project team, plant supervisors, safety officer, operators and other stakeholders. It is designed based on OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) including the applicable provisions of Factories Act, 1948 and NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) standards. A Work Permit document describes the tasks to be done, number of exact locations/plants and details of work party, tools to be used, potential hazards, precautions taken or to be taken and PPE to be used. This study explains about the different work permits namely Hot Work Permit, Cold Work Permit, Vessel Entry Permit or Confined Space Work Permit, Height Work Permit, Excavation Work Permit and Electric Work Permit. It also discusses, as a precautionary measure, how these work permits are implemented for different maintenance works or projects and operations being carried out in chemical engineering plants to avoid potential risks and hazards which are harmful to human life, property, environment and the nearby community where the industry is operated. Keywords: Safety, Work Permit System, operations, maintenance, projects



ABS-053

Investigations on Self-Curing Concrete Using Sap as an Internal Curing Agent Krishnamoorthy A1,*, Dhanalakshmi K2 and Letcham.K1

1PG Student University college of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology,

Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India 2Department of civil engineering, University College of Engineering, Nagarcoil campus, Tamil Nadu, India

Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract The durability, strength and performance of the concrete structure generally depends the curing of concrete. The conventional concrete mixtures having more water than the required to complete the full cement hydration process. However, the water loss due to evaporation will restrict the maximum achievable degree of hydration .External water curing is one of the most conventional and well known applied curing methods to mitigate the autogeneous shrinkage however once the capillary pores depercolate, it will be more difficult to provide adequate external water for curing. Internal curing has proved as an effective method for mitigating the early age chemical shrinkage for the reason that they gradually released the absorbed water and maximize the hydration process. The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of internal curing as a complement to traditional curing in conventional concrete. Internal curing was achieved by super absorbent polymer (SAP) and the experimental parameter was percentage of SAP substitution to regular sand. Experimental results revealed that internal curing water provide by the SAP, effectively reduce the early-age chemical shrinkage and significantly increase the compressive strength of concrete. It has been also found that incorporation of SAP beyond 45% lead to a decrease in the gain of compressive strength.

Keywords: Autogeneous shrinkage, Concrete, Internal curing, SAP, Compressive strength



ABS-057

Energy Management of Petroleum Products Kothapalli Sairam1 and Kasavajjula Nikhil1,*

1Chemical engineering,Bapatla engineering college,bapatla-522101

*Corresponding Author: [email protected]

Abstract In order to convey these non-renewable resources such as gasoline, naptha, diesel, etc. to our future generations, we have to follow the energy management techniques. Naturally, oil was formed from the remains of animals and plants (diatoms) that lived millions of years ago in a marine (water) environment before the dinosaurs.42-U.S.gallon barrel of crude oil provides about 45 gallons of petroleum products. The environmental constraints coming into place on aromatics in petroleum products make it necessary to develop an analytical technique that explicitly accounts for their effect. Turkey's petroleum products consumption quantity also grew 36% and increased from 21.7 million tons (Mt) in 1990 to 29.6 Mt in 2004. The consumption share of diesel fuel among all petroleum derivatives was 36.9% in 2004, which is the biggest share when compared to other petroleum products. Its presence in the environment need not be the result of human causes such as accidents and routine activities (seismic exploration, drilling, refining and combustion).The nuclear fuel cycle utilizes either uranium or thorium, which are relatively plentiful materials. Both materials must undergo several processing steps in order to be converted into a useful fuel for nuclear reactors. For uranium, this involves conversion to UF6, enrichment, and final processing into fuel elements. Thorium is more complex and must first be irradiated in a reactor before a useful fuel is formed. Organizational energy management has generally adapted a project-oriented focus, with success determined by the number of projects completed. Successful energy management projects must be part of viable energy management program, organizations must also broaden their focus to enable energy management to adapt constantly changing business environments and organizational objectives, achieve the desired results, and sustain those achievements. The evolution of energy management practice, necessary elements of comprehensive management system for energy, management system standardization and registration processes, and elements common to all management systems are also presented.

Keywords: Petroleum, petroleum products, Energy management systems, Energy master planning, Uranium milling



ABS-062 Offshore Wind Energy

Vijey Raghavan L1,*, Vamsi Yerra1 and Bhargav Satuvalli S1 1School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613401


Abstract

Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy, such as using wind turbines to make electrical power, windmills for mechanical power, wind pumps for water pumping or drainage, or sails to propel ships. Wind power, as an alternative to fossil fuels, is plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation and uses little land. The effects on the environment are generally less problematic than those from other power sources. Generally, faster wind speeds are observed in coastal areas than in inland areas. Therefore, for the development of offshore wind energy, more electricity is expected to be generated using wind turbines. This also solves environmental obstacles such as the selection and acquisition of land for a site and the need to protect surrounding sites from noise problems. In this poster, a numerical analysis on the external forces that affects a wind turbine tower is performed, when the wind turbine is installed in a coastal area. To calculate the extreme wind and wave forces, the maximum wind speed is assumed to be 55 m/s. The significant wave height and period are estimated by using certain mathematical calculations. The force acting on the wind turbine tower is increased according to the diameter of the tower and the wind speed. Keywords: offshore wind turbine, renewable energy, external force, wave force, coastal area



ABS-067

Utilization of Granite Industry Waste in High Performance Concrete

Production S. Elango1,* and K. Dhanalakshmi2

1 PG Student, University College of Engineering, Nagercoil, 2 Assistant Professor in Civil Engineering, University College of Engineering Nagercoil.

Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract The ornamental granite stones processing industries from Tamilnadu state produces tons of non-biodegradable fine powder wastes during industrial processing and with increasing restrictions on landfills in nearby area, the cost of deposition also become increase and the industries are forced to find ways for reusing that wastes. The main objective of this study is to experimentally investigate the suitability of GP waste as a substitute material for fine/natural aggregate in high performance concrete (HPC) production. And aimed to study the Physical and chemical properties of the granite powder by-product as well. The experimental parameter was percentage of granite powder substitution. The concrete cubes and cylinder specimens were prepared with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%and 25% of natural sand is substituted by GP by-product. Various mechanical properties such as compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength were evaluated. The GP by-product showed a very high specific surface value of about 340kg/m2 and the chemical analysis results showed the examined material contains about 77% of silica (Sio2). Experimental results revealed that, rough texture and high specific area of the GP by-product significantly decreased the workability of the HPC especially for the substitution rate of 20% and 25%. The obtained test results were shown that the substitution of GP by-product up to 15% does not affect the mechanical and fresh concrete properties significantly and it was recommended that the replacement of natural sand by GP by-product up to 15% of any formulation is favorable for the HPC production.



ABS-068 Process Safety Management and Process Hazard Analysis

S. K. Shri Aravinth1,*



Abstract Safety is becoming an increasingly important activity in the chemical industry. This is due to several recent significant chemical accidents, increasing public awareness and sky-rocketing liability and accident costs. Main objectives are to describe the hazard and accident-driven stimulus for, and main components of OSHA’s (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) Process Safety Management (PSM) standard and to define Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) and related terminology and to describe major hazard analysis methods and to assess applicability (via pros and cons) of major hazard analysis methods. Areas for action to ensure environmentally so wide variety of different factors safety and health, the environment, agriculture, labor, industry and economic development. Policy coordination across sectors at national and international levels is essential to ensure effective management of chemical risks. Given the inherent risks, the international chemical industries have realized that good safety and health is good business and OSHA performance affects the bottom line of companies. The ideas and techniques of Process Hazard Analysis will be immediately useful in upcoming recitation exercise on Hazard Evaluation. Accordingly, the industries have initiated their voluntary programs, such as a systems approach to Health, Safety and the Environment (HSE) and Responsible Care, to address the performance of enterprises in respect of safety, health and the environment as well as other issues. We believe that safety and health can be an important part of these initiatives on the part of industries and companies. However, it is always important for the chemical industries to comply with the national OSHA laws, regulations and standards and to fully commit themselves to the principle of Safety First, Prevention Foremost. Keywords: skyrocketing, accident-driven



ABS-079

Catalysis Chunduru Naveen1,*

1Chemical engineering,Bapatla engineering college,Bapatla-522101 *corresponding Author:[email protected]

Abstract In order to increase the rate of a chemical reaction,a substance named catalyst is introduced which reduces the time consuming. Estimates are that 90% of all commercially produced chemical products involve catalysts at some stage in the process of their manufacture. Heterogeneous catalysts act in a different phase than the reactants. Most heterogeneous catalysts are solids that act on substrates in a liquid or gaseous reaction mixture. Homogeneous catalysts function in the same phase as the reactants, but follws the properties of heterogenous catalysis.homogeneous catalysts are dissolved in a solvent with the substrates. Hardly a single polymerization process exists in which certain accelerating, regulating, and modifying ingredients are not used with great advantage even though they might be present only in very small quantities. it is evident that in most cases the role of these substances during the formation of macromolecules does not fall in the domain of the classical definitions of the words catalysis and catalyst.Catalysis and combustion have long been linked. catalysis is a mainstay of our modern chemical industry. Oxidation catalysts are used not only for the complete oxidation of fuels to carbon dioxide and water, as in radiant catalytic tent heaters and fume abatement devices, but also for the selective partial oxidation of hydrocarbons or other “fuels” to produce basic chemicals such as ethylene oxide (from ethylene), terephthalic acid (from p-xylene), and nitric acid (from ammonia). However, despite the long-known capability of catalysts to oxidize hydrocarbons without significant production of carbon monoxide, soot, or thermal NOx, there seemed little possibility that catalytic oxidation reactors could ever displace conventional flame combustors as primary fuel combustors. This is because the volumetric heat release rates of conventional catalytic oxidation reactors are far too low to be competitive with the flame combustor. In 2005, catalytic processes generated about $900 billion in products worldwide. Keywords: Phase transfer catalysis, Phosphorous compounds, Phosphorylation



ABS-086

Valuable Product from Fly Ash M.Karthick1,* and T.Hariharaprabhu1

1Adhiyamaan college of Engineering, Hosur *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Coal is the major source of energy in India, because of its poor quality nearly 100 million metric tons of fly ash is generated annualy from thermal power plants. Hence disposal of such a quantity of ash is major environmental concern. Though fly ashes generated in large quantity, only minimum of its utilized and rest is being dumped in ash ponds disposal of fly ash. In ash pond and land fills cause soil and water pollution. Because of it mainly consists of Si, Al, oxides of Irons, and heavy metal in traces. This paper deals with detailed review on utilization of fly ash in various fields and extraction of valuable products. Previous research have carried out on fly ash and its application in such areas like cement production, Bricks Manufacture, Road Embankment. Fly ash also being utilized in synthesis of zeolites, a low cost adsorbent in waste water. This review highlights the recovery of valuable products (Si & Al) from Indian Fly ashes.



ABS-104 Green Technology

Sundar Ramasamy1,* and Akash. L1 1School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401


Abstract

Green chemistry, one of the main subjects of green technology, is a philosophy of chemical research and engineering that encourages the design of products and processes that minimize the use and generation of hazardous substances. This paper deals in specific with the concept of Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD). A ZLD system involves a range of advanced waste water treatment technologies to recycle, recovery and re-use of the treated waste water and thereby ensure there is no discharge of wastewater to the environment. Various topics covered in this paper include an introduction to ZLD, need for ZLD, various advantages and disadvantages of ZLD and technologies used in a typical ZLD system. On the whole the main aim of this paper is to give an insight into the concept of ZLD and show how it has helped in the field of green technology. Keywords: green chemistry, ZLD(Zero Liquid Discharge), wastewater treatment, recycle ,recovery



ABS-109 Safety and Hazard Analysis on Process Industries

Sai Krishna C Sastry1,* and Vikas Choudhary1 1School Of Chemical and Bio-Technology, SASTRA UNIVERSITY, Tanjore, 613401.

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract A hazard is a situation that poses a level of threat to life, health, property or environment. Most hazards are dormant or potential, with only a theoretical risk of harm. There are various forms of hazards that pose threats in different fields and those occurring in process industries are of prime concern to us. Process Industries mainly suffer from three types of hazards, the most frequent being fire that not only releases substances like carbon monoxide, Acrolein, cyanides and so on but also causes damage to property, instrumentation and life alike. Explosions are another form of hazard that occurs in process industries, which include gas explosions and dust explosions that are detrimental and bring loss of life and severe injuries. Gas explosions are mainly caused when a flammable gas mixes with air and is exposed to an ignition source or a pressure change. Dust explosions are caused when solids (metals) or fine powders of chemicals mix with air at a variation of pressure. The sudden unexpected release of toxic vapors of chemicals from reactions or operations is also a form of hazard as their outcome is felt at miles away from the point of occurrence. The paper following this abstract will revisit several hazards and their cause, in detail. Most major hazardous industries are characterized by having the potential for catastrophic accidents involving large scale loss of life, harm to health and extensive environmental damage. The manufacture of chemicals and petrochemicals, oil and gas exploration and downstream production, energy and power generation involves complex processes with in-built intrinsic hazards that need careful management and monitoring. “If you think safety is expensive, try the accident” goes the famous adage with regard to process industries. Safe operating strategies and round-the-clock monitoring ensure benign working conditions and may also play a pivotal role in the lessening of the impact of hazards and may even avoid the occurrence of some serious hazards. Safety engineering is a pre marketing research and development process intended to prevent accidental injuries, death and property damage associated with consumers and industrial products. This safe monitoring primarily involves Process Hazard Analysis (PHA),which is a directive towards analyzing potential causes and consequences of fires, explosions, releases of toxic or flammable chemicals and major spills of hazardous chemicals, and it focuses on equipment, instrumentation, utilities, human actions, and external factors that might impact the process. It can hence be concluded that hazards occur crucially due to lack of structured planning, untimely risk management or evacuation expertise, unmonitored transportation and reckless usage of chemicals and so on. This paper would capture the hazards involved in several process industries, the threats they pose and the essential strategies like safety audits; chemical risk



assessments based on compatibility, inertness, convenience of storage; comprehensive emergency risk management plans, that could be adopted or reformed for safe and harmonious operation. In our paper we are going to deal two aspects, one, safety and hazard analysis regarding most poisonous substance namely arsenic and two, regarding most hazard prone industry that is nuclear power plant.



NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN PROCESS ENGINEERING, CAPE-2013

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