capacity development at a time of crisis: … okuka...atsuko okuda chief, governance and...
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Economic And Social Commission For Western Asia
GIFT-MENA Annual Conference (Marrakesh, 10-12 February 2015)
Atsuko Okuda
Chief, Governance and Statebuilding Section, ECRI
CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT AT A TIME OF CRISIS:
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE MENA
REGION
© Copyright 2014 ESCWA. All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission
Table of Content
Can we develop capacity at a time of crisis?
Monitoring trends: conflicts and crises affect government effectiveness? Governance and public sector reforms in conflict, crisis and transition
The way forward
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-2.50
-2.00
-1.50
-1.00
-0.50
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
1996 1998 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Worldwide Governance Indicators, ESCWA Average
Voice and Accountability
Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism
Government Effectiveness
Regulatory Quality
Rule of Law
Control of Corruption
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Regional Risk Characteristics
Source: Economist Intelligent Unit Country Risk Analysis
Calculation by ECRI/ESCWA
Categories Global ESCWA Gap Overall Evaluation 46 53 -7 Security risk 37 52 -15 Political stability risk 46 66 -20 Government effectiveness risk 60 72 -12 Legal & regulatory risk 52 59 -7 Macroeconomic risk 37 36 1 Foreign trade & payments risk 39 41 -2 Financial risk 49 53 -4 Tax policy risk 37 35 2 Labour market risk 51 59 -8 Infrastructure risk 51 56 -5
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Regional Risk Characteristics
Overall risk evaluation at the regional level
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Overall Evaluation
ESCWA Average Global
Average
Source: Economist Intelligent Unit Country Risk Analysis
Analysis by ECRI/ESCWA
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Regional Risk Characteristics
Security Risks/ Region
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Bahrain
Egypt
Iraq
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Libya
Morocco
Oman
Qatar Saudi Arabia
Sudan
Syria
Tunisia
UAE
West Bank and Gaza
Yemen
Global
ESCWA
Overall Evaluation
Security risk
Source: Economist Intelligent Unit Country Risk Analysis
Analysis by ECRI/ESCWA
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Regional Risk Characteristics
Political Stability Risk/ Regional
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Bahrain
Egypt
Iraq
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Libya
Morocco
Oman
Qatar Saudi Arabia
Sudan
Syria
Tunisia
UAE
West Bank and Gaza
Yemen
Global
ESCWA
Overall Evaluation
Political stability risk
Source: Economist Intelligent Unit Country Risk Analysis
Analysis by ECRI/ESCWA
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Regional Risk Characteristics
Government Effectiveness Risk/ Region
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Bahrain
Egypt
Iraq
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Libya
Morocco
Oman
Qatar Saudi Arabia
Sudan
Syria
Tunisia
UAE
West Bank and Gaza
Yemen
Global
ESCWA
Overall Evaluation
Government effectiveness risk
Source: Economist Intelligent Unit Country Risk Analysis
Analysis by ECRI/ESCWA
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Additional factors for consideration:
falling oil price and budgetary implication of
instability: the case of Iraq
UNAMI JAU report “Comparative Analysis of Iraq’s 2013 Federal Budget and 2014 Draft Budget Bill”
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New Development Framework of Post 2015 Development Agenda
Sustainable Development Goals
Rio+20 Follow-ups
Open Working Groups
17 Sustainable
Development Goals
Post 2015
Development
Agenda and
MDG Reviews
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SDG 16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for
sustainable development, provide access to justice
for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive
institutions at all levels
16.1: reduce violence and related death rates
16.2 end abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence
16.3 promote the rule of law
16.4 reduce illicit financial and arms flows
16.5 substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all its forms
16.6 develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions
16.7 ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory decision-making
16.9 by 2030 provide legal identity for all including birth registration
16.10 ensure public access to information and protect freedoms
16.a strengthen relevant national institutions
16.b promote and enforce non-discriminatory laws and policies for
sustainable development
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What it means to governments
Public sector capacity development in
crisis, conflict and transition
Limited budget and reallocation of budgets to address conflict, crisis and emergencies
Still expected to meet national and international development goals
Focused, evidence-based, prioritized governance and public sector reforms
Prioritize and align individual and institutional capacity development to address the requirements
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How to monitor progress in institutional effectiveness
Determinant Factors
Indicators to measure institutional effectiveness
Governance and Public Sector
Reforms
Crisis/Risk Management
Development Goals
Research, lessons learned and good practice
Partnerships with CSO, academia, private
sector, mass media
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The way forward
ESCWA’s Support to member countries
Normative and analytical work (i.e. Arab Governance
Report)
Assisting countries in monitoring progress
through projects
Technical advisory services
Capacity Development
Governance and institutional
development
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:
Proposal to enhance institutional
development
Clear constitutional
and human right principles
Economic governance and effective
service delivery
Inclusiveness of transition-
related reforms
Political Stability and Absence of
Violence
Institutional effectiveness
and accountability
Normative and Analytical Work
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How monitoring can help
Make informed decisions for better development outcomes
Raise public awareness
Consensus on gaps and opportunities Aligning policies, programmes and
budget
Build capacity Improving the capacities of governments, national research institutions, think tanks
Identify specific areas and modality of collaboration
Monitor trends based on selected indicators
Progress? Gaps? Areas of Improvements?
Identify key challenges in institutional development
In the national development plans? SDGs?
Assessing progress towards reforms?
Public Sector Reform in Iraq The Vision & Development Results Chain
Public Sector
Modernization /
Public
Administration
Reform
Enhancement of
Machinery of
Government &
Equilibrium in
Governance Pillars
Improvement of
Service Delivery
and Public
Satisfaction
Enhancement of
Socio-Economic
indicators and
welfare
“A capable public sector that enables GoI to assume its roles, manage its resources, and deliver services
to citizens efficiently and effectively to achieve sustainable development”
Economic And Social Commission For Western Asia
THANK YOU