capacities and constraints 2 - world...

INFORMAL�SETTLEMENT�UPGRADING

Networked�Organizations�Of�The�Urban�Poor�As�A�Vital�Determinant�In�

Efforts�To�Go�To�Scale

INDIA2,5�Million�Members�in�over�70�cities

SOUTH�AFRICA70,000�members�in�all�nine�provinces

THAILAND1�million�plus�members�� nationwide

ZIMBABWE20,000�members�� countrywide

NAMIBIA25,000�members�� nationwide

CAMBODIA�20,000�families�� nationwide

PHILIPPINES35,000�members�in�all�major�cities

KENYA�35,000�families�� nationwide

UGANDA10,000�members�– Kampala�and�Jinja

GHANA�15,000�members�� nationwide

BRAZIL5,000�members�– 4�cities

Other�SDI�Countries:Sri�Lanka�– 50,000�membersIndonesia�– 5,000�membersNepal�– 10,000�membersMalawi�– 25,000�membersZambia�– 20,000�membersAngola�– 3,000�membersSwaziland�– 1,500�membersTanzania�– 15,000�membersNigeria�– 10,000�membersSierra�Leone�– 2,000�membersColombia�– 1,000�members

The�Problem�SDI�seeks�to�Address

Poverty�is�urbanizing.�Slums�are�multiplying.�Urban�Poor�families�get�pushed�to�the�periphery:�spatially,�economically,�socially,�politically.The�state�is�the�key�actor�in�dealing�with�these�challenges�– but�the�state�is�not�dependable.The�market�has�to�significantly�scale�up�its�interventions�–but�the�market�seldom�has�any�interest�in�making�investments�in�slums.The�urban�poor�are�critical�players�– but�they�are��generally�weak,�divided,�dependent�and�entitlement�driven.(Community�initiatives�should�not�be�idealized.)

Community�Organizations:�the�Downside

•Male�Dominated•Single�settlement�based•Fighting�for�rights/entitlements•Give�their�problems�to�outsiders�to�solve•Driven�by�professionals/intellectuals•Reactive�more�than�proactive•Leadership�delinked�from�the�base•Party�political�loyalties•Non�participatory/top�down•Competitive•Survival�skills�in�conflict�with�deal�making�skills

Micro�Credit?

•Non�political•Primary�focus�on�livelihoods�– seldom�on�other�socio�economic�challenges:�land,�services,�housing,�“voice”.•Savings�and�credit�as�ends�in�themselves�– not�means•No�significant�leveraging�of�internal�capacities•Seldom�settlement�wide�– small�groups

SDI’s�New�Organising�Strategy�for�the�Urban�Poor.

1.�Networks�to�Create�critical�mass�– rooting�in�the�local but�creating�citywide,�national�and�international�agglomerations�through�local,�

national�and�international�exchange�programs

2.�Constituting�Locally�Autonomous�Communities�Through�Savings�� Facilitating�Trust,�Accountability�and�Change�at�

Community�level�and�creating�conditions�for�engagement.

3.�The�central�participation�of�women

4.�Regaining�Knowledge��Enumeration,�Mapping�and�Surveys.�Community�driven�research,�documentation�and�communication.�Creating�a�knowledge�base�for�

negotiations

5.�Identify�land,�securing�tenure,�in�situ�upgrade,�incremental�housing:�working�with�other�actors�to�co�determinde�development�outcomes

6.�COMMUNITY�ACTION�PLANNING�AND�IN�SITU�UPGRADING

7.�RELOCATION�AND�UPGRADING

8.�Engaging�Governments�and�other�Formal�Institutions��facilitating�change�in�relationships�with�the�State

9.�Interacting�with�bi�laterals�and�multi�laterals�� change�processes�at�International�level.

10.�Bridging�the�Finance�Gap�and�Scaling�Up�� Influencing�Resource�Flows�in�Cities

URBAN�POOR�FUND�INTERNATIONALSDI

IUPDF�projects�2002COUNTRY PROJECT CONTRIBUTION RESULTS

CAMBODIA RESETTLING EVICTED FAMILIES

$40,000 100 FAMILIES BENEFITTED –LED TO 100 SETTLEMENT UPGRADING PROGRAM OF GOVT

COLOMBIA LAND ACQUISITION DISPLACED INDIGENOUS FAMILIES

$30,000 80 FAMILIES SECURED TENURE.

INDIA BRIDGE FINANCE FOR HOUSING – SHOLAPUR AND BANAGALORE

$120,000 2500 FAMILIES GOT HOUSING –SUBSIDIES SECURED, FUNDS RETURNED TO UPF INDIA

NAMIBIA LAUNCH OF SECURE TENURE CAMPAIGN

$10,000 $100,000 GRANT RECEIVED FROM GOVT AT OPENING CEREMONY (NOW PROVIDED ANNUALLY)

SOUTH AFRICA PRE-FINANCE OF LAND FOR HOMELESS FAMILIES

$30,000 PROJECT STALLED

ZIMBABWE BASIC SERVICES FOR GREENFIELDS PLOTS

$25,000 800 STANDS SERVICED.

IUPDF�PROJECTS�2003COUNTRY PROJECT CONTRIBUTION RESULTS

INDIA BRIDGE FINANCE FOR PAVEMENT DWELLER HOUSING

$60,000 HOUSING FOR 365 FAMILIES. FIRST PAVEMENT DWELLERS IN MUMBAI WHOSE RIGHT TO HOUSING RECOGNISED BY THE STATE

KENYA REVOLVING FUND FOR HOUSING IN HURUMA

$30,000 129 FAMILIES SECURED AFFORDABLE HOUSING

NEPAL CO-FINANCING WITH L/A OF UPF NEPAL

$15,000 GOVT/COMMUNITY LOAN FUND FOR THE VERY POOR

PHILIPPINES BRIDGE FINANCE FOR SECURING TENURE

$30,000 2,500 FAMILIES ASSISTED

UGANDA CONSTRUCTION OF PUBLIC TOILET BLOCK

$20,000 IMPROVED SANITATION FOR 1000 FAMILIES

SOUTH AFRICA LAND DEVELOPMENT IN RURAL AREAS

$40,000 TENNURE SECURED FOR 100 FAMILIES AND ENGAGEMENT WITH STATE FOR SUBSIDIES

ZIMBABWE LAND TENURE - KARIBA $40,000 LAND PURCHASED AT SUBSIDIZED RATE FROM STATE FOR 136 FAMILIES

IUPDF�PROJECTS�2004COUNTRY PROJECT CONTRIBUTION RESULTS

BRAZIL SET UP SAVING GROUPS –ENUMERATION IN 2 CITIES

$15,000 300 FAMILIES SECURE TENURE. NEW PARTNERSHIP WITH LOCAL GOVT

CAMBODIA 2ND PHASE IN-SITU UPGRADING OF PHNOM PENH INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS

$12,000 CONSOLIDATION OF GOVGT PARTNERSHIP – SETTING UP URBAN POOR FUND

CAMBODIA IMPROVED WATER PROVISION IN SMALL TOWNS IN THE NORTH

$25,000 259 FAMILIES

GHANA SETTING UP SAVINGS GROUPS AND ENUMERATIONS IN ONE ACCRA SLUM

$22,000 FEDERATION AND SUPPORT NGO ESTABLISHED

INDIA IMPROVED SHELTER FOR BIDI WORKERS

$70,000 750 FAMILIES

INDIA EXTEND FECERATION TO HYDERABAD – START TOILET PROJECT WITH GOVERNMENT

$25,000 300 FAMILIES. NEW RELATIONSHIP WITH LOCAL GOVT.

MALAWI BUILD FEDERATION, INSTALL WATER SERVICES ON SECURED LAND

$20,000 FEDERATION AND SUPPORT NGO ESTABLISHED. RELATIONSHIP WITH GOVT. IMPROVED WATER PROVISION FOR 222 FAMILIES

NAMIBIA NATIONAL SHACK AUDIT WITH NATIONAL GOVT

$22,000 FORMAL PARTNERSHIP WITH GOVT. NEW DATA.

IUPDF�PROJECTS�2004

COUNTRY PROJECT CONTRIBUTION� RESULTS

PHILIPPINES EXCHANGE PROGRAMS TO EAST TIMOR

$10,000 NEW FEDERATION ESTABLISHED

SOUTH AFRICA AUDIT OF UNUSED OR UNDER-UTILIZED LAND OWNED BY THE METHODIST CHURCH, WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT UP TO 10 PER CENT OF THIS LAND WOULD BE GIVEN TO THE FEDERATION FOR URBAN POOR DEVELOPMENTS

$50,000 60 FED MEMBERS EMPLOYED. MOU WITH CHURCH AT PRESIDING BISHOP LEVEL. SIX PILOT PROJECTS

SA FUNDS TO COMPLETE UNFINISHED HOUSES AND CONDUCT ENUMERATIONS

$50,000 NEW PARTNERSHIP WITH DURBAN METRO. HOUSES COMPLETED FOR 100 FAMILIES. SUBSIDIES SECURED

SWAZILAND WATER PIPES FOR TWO LARGE VILLAGES

$10,000 1000 FAMILIES. PROJECT STALLED

UGANDA LAND NEGOTIATIONS – SET UP NGO

$20,000 LAND EVENTUALLY SECURED IN JINJA IN 2006 AND KAMPALA IN 2007


COUNTRY PROJECT CONTRIBUTION RESULTS

BRASIL LAND PREPARATION AND CAPACITY BUILDING OSASCO

$33,000 FORMAL AGREEMENT WITH GOVT. LAND SECURED FOR 2,000 FAMILIES

GHANA SEED CAPITAL FOR UPF GHANA – WITH UN HABITAT

$10,000 UPF ESTABLISHED. UN PARTICIPATION NOT SECURED

INDIA PONDICHERRY – EXEMPLAR MODEL FOR TSUNAMI RELIEF

$70,000 90 FAMILIES. CHALLENGES WITH NORMS AND STANDARDS

NAMIBIA EXCHANGE TO ANGOLA $10,000 SETTING UP SAVINGS SCHEMES IN LUANDA

NEPAL FEDERATION STRENGTHENING TO BE ABLE TO DEVELOP LAND

$6,0000 CAPACITY IMPROVED

SA SETTLEMENT PROFILES IN JHB AND CAPE TOWN

$25,000 ENDORSED BY CITY GOVERNMENT AND MINISTER OF HOUSING



PHILIPPINES MORE SUPPORT WORK IN SE ASIA

$10,000 DEVELOPMENT OF FILIPINO CAPACITY TO COORDINATE A SE ASIA REGIONAL HUB

SRI LANKA TSUNAMI AFFECTED FAMILIES $50,000 TEMPORARY SHELTER AND RIGHT TO REMIAIN ON COASTAL LAND

TANZANIA BUILDING FEDERATION AND NGO IN DAR ES SALAAM AND ARUSHA

$12,000 NEW INITIATIVE STRENGTHENED. PARTNERSHIP WITH ARUSHA TOWN COUNCIL

UGANDA PLANNING AND LAND PREPARATION FOR HOUSING

$12,000 150 FAMILIES – IF LAND CAN BE SECURED

ZAMBIA SUPPORT FOR NEW INITIATIVE $25,000 ROLL OUT OF FEDERATION TO ALL MAJOR CITIES AND TOWNS

ZIMBABWE RESPONSE TO EVICTIONS $60,000 EMERGENCY RELIEF. REGRUOPING FEDERATION.



BRAZIL FEDERATION SUPPORT – LAND NEGOTIATIONS IN VILLA REAL

$25,000 ENUMERATION AND PARTNERHIP WITH LOCAL GOVT

GHANA TEMPORARY HOMES FOR FIRE VICTIMS IN OLD FADAMA

$15,000 $65,000 LEVERAGED FROM SUF/UN HABITAT

INDIA FLOOD RELIEF IN TAMIL NADU $30,000 500 FAMILIES

MALAWI AVOCACY WORK – CITY OF LILONGWE, AND LOAN FINANCE FOR HOUSING

$60,000 220 HOUSES BUILT IN ADOBE. 1000 ADDITIONAL PLOTS SECURED. NEGOTAITIONS IN TWO OTHER CITIES

SA NEGOTIATIONS WITH NATIONAL GOVT LEADING TO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE

$25,000 GOVT PAYS FOR INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE WHE MINISTER SIGNS MOU AND PLEDGES $45 MILLION IN SUBSIDIES TO FEDERATION

TANZANIA ADVOCACY WITH LOCAL GOVT

$5,000 ATTEMPTS FOR COMPENSATION FOR TENANTS FACING EVICTIONS

ZAMBIA PILOT HOUSE CONSTRUCTION IN 2 CITIES WHERE LAND HAS BEEN SOLD AT SUBSIDIZED RATES TO FEDERATION

$50,000 LAND AND BASIC SERVICES FOR 500 FAMILIES

ZIMBABWE BASIC SERVICES ON LAND STILL HELD BY PERI-URBAN FEDERATIONS

$20,000 COSTS SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED FOR SERVICES FOR 1500 FAMILIES



GHANA SECURING LAND FOR PILOT WITH UN HABITAT, NEGOTIATIONS WITH FINANCE INSTITUTIONS

$25,000 LAND SECURED IN ASHAIMAN

KENYA ENUMERATIONS IN KISUMU $25,000 FEDERATION EXTENDED. DATA MANAGEMENT CAPACITY INCREASED SIGNIFICANTLY

MALAWI LOAN FINANCE FOR HOUSES AND SERVICES IN BLANTYRE AND MZUZU

$40,000 600 HOUSES WITH BASIC SERVICES. ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES

NAMIBIA COMMUNITY LED INFORMATION PROGRAM

$10,000 PROFILE OF ALL INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS IN NAMIBIA

ZIMBABWE ONGOING PROVISION OF BASIC SERVICES

$20,000 1000 FAMILIES ASSISTED. MOU SIGNED WITH NATIONAL GOVT ALLOCATING 5000 PLOTS TO DISPOSSESSED PEOPLE


COUNTRY PROJECT CONTRIBUTION OUTCOME

SA PRE-FINANCING OF HOUSES IN GAUTENG PROVINCE

$40,000 50 HOUSES CONSTRUCTED. FUNDS REVOLVED. COMMUNITY CONTRIBUTION INCREASED

UGANDA TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR NGO. ENUMERATIONS

$35,000 FEDERATION EXPANDS THROUGHOUT KAMPALA. UPF UGANDA ESTABLISHED. LAND PLEDGED BY NATIONAL GOVT

INDIA CHALLENGING MEHTA PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT OF DHARAVI

$20,000 DHARAVI DEVELOPMENT MADE INCLUSIVE. FEDERATION PLAYS A CENTRAL ROLE

INDIA UPGRADING OF TRADITIONAL HOMES IN LEH

$10,000 HOUSES RESTORED. 50 FAMILIES BENEFIT

NEPAL FURTHER CONTRIBUTION TO UPF

$7,000 UPF EXPANDED TO SMALLER TOWNS

BRAZIL EXPANSION TO BRASILIA AND RECIFE

$12,000 FEDERATION EXPANDED. TWO HOUSING DEVELOPMENTS BECOME NATIONAL PILOT PROJECTS WITH FULL GOVT SUBSIDIES

AFRICA GENERAL EXPANSION TO SIERRA LEONE, MOZAMBIQUE AND NIGERIA, CONSOLIDATION IN ANGOLA

$25,000 SDI EXTENDS ITS REACH IN AFRICA

THESE�ALLOCATIONS�DO�NOT�INCLUDE�CLIFF�FUNDS,�NOR�CONTRIBUTIONS�FROM�SELAVIP�MADE�DIRECTLY�TO�LOCAL�PARTNERS

UPFI�PROJECTS�2008/9�(TRANSITION�YEARS)

COUNTRY PROJECT CONTRIB LEVERAGE IMPACT SCALE SUSTAINSRI�LANKA LAND�SHARING.�

GUARANTEE�FOR�SANASA�BANK

$25,000 $50,000�LOANFREE�LAND�SUBSIDY

GOVERNMENT�SUBSIDY�POLICY

SMALL�WITH�SCOPE�TO�EXPAND

90�– 100%�RECOVERY

SOUTH�AFRICA PRE�FINANCE�FOR�SUBSIDIES

$50,000 $1,000,000�SUBSIDIES

MOU�AND�JOINT�WORKING�GROUPS

TO�SCALE�UP�TO�9000�HOUSES�PER�ANNUM


PHILIPPINES SECURE�PRIME�LAND�FOR�CO�OP

$100,000 SUBSIDISED�LAND�AND�LOAN�FINANCE

LIMITED 450�FAMILIES�BUT�CAN�BE�REPLICATE

EST�75%�RECOVERY

INDIA PRE�FINANCE�FOR�SANITATION�UNITS

$50,000 GOVT�CONTRACTS�IN�SEVERAL�STATES

ALREADY�IMPROVED�CONDITIONS�FOR�MILLIONS

IN�THE�PROCESS�OF�BEING�ROLLED�OUTIN�SEVERAL�STATES


ZIMBABWE PROVISION�OF�INFRASTRUCTURE�FOR�1500�FAMILIES

$110,000 VERY�CHEAP�LAND�– VIRTUALLY�AT�NO�COST

MOU�WITH�NATIONAL�GOVT

REPLICATED�IN�A�DOZEN�TOWNS�AND�CITIES


MALAWI NEXT�HOUSING�PROJECT�IN�4TH

CITY

$60,000 FREE�LAND MOU�AND�POLICY�DESIGN�WITH�GOVT

WILL�GO�NATIONAL�–ALREADY�3�CITIES

65�– 75%

ZAMBIA PILOT�HOUSING�PROJECT�IN�KITWE

$25,000 LIMITED WILL�BUILD�FEDERATION�CAPACITY

LIMITED 60�– 75%

UPFI�PROJECTS�2008/9�(TRANSITION�YEARS)

COUNTRY PROJECT CONTRIB LEVERAGE IMPACT SCALE SUSTAINTANZANIA TOILETS IN

ARUSHA$20,000 NONE POTENTIAL TO

GET GOVT SUPPORT FOR ROLL OUT

2 ENTIRE SETTLEMENTS

70 – 85% RECOVERY

NAMIBIA 500 HOUSES NATIONALLY –PRE FINANCE

$100,000 FREE LAND, SUBSIDIZED LOANS

STRONG STEADY RELATIONSHIP WITH GOVT

FEDERATION WILL BUILD 5 TIMES MORE HOUSES IN 2009

85% RECOVERY

7 COUNTRIES CITYWIDE SETTLEMENT PROFILES

$150,000 POSSIBLE FUNDS FROM CITIES ALLIANCE, SA GOVT AND GOOGLE

EXPECTED TO BECONSIDERABLE

AT END OF PROJECT AT LEAST 50 CITIES

NO RECOVERY – T/A FUND

REGIONAL HUBS

CAPACITY BUILDING/COMMUNICATION

$50,000 LOCAL LEVEL FUNDRAISING

IMPORTANT FOR INTERNAL SYSTEMS

NO RECOVERY T/A FUND

capacities and constraints 2 - world...

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