CANCERHCT !

OBJECTIVES

Define and understand the difference between benign and malignant tumors

Students will be able to identify the classifications of tumors

Students will be able to differentiate carcinomas and sarcomas

List 5 major forms of cancer

TYPES OF TUMORS Neoplasms (tumors) – abnormal growth of cells

… Classified as Benign Malignant

Benign-… tumors remain localized… Very slow growing… Usually not fatal unless they affect a major organ… Often surrounded by a capsule… Cells are differentiated (similar to normal tissue

cells)

TYPES OF TUMORS Malignant

… Not encapsulated

… Grow rapidly

… Cells are undifferentiated (abnormal in structure and function)

… Cells fall away from the original neoplasm and start new tumors (breast cancer often spreads to the lymph nodes)

Metastasis- Cells leave the primary tumor and start a secondary tumor. Spreading of cells by blood or lymphatic vessels.

CLASSIFICATIONS OF TUMORS

Benign epithelial tumors can be classified by three types

… Epithelial

… Connective

… Miscellaneous

Epithelial

… Papilloma- finger like projections (HPV)

… Adenoma- glandular tumor

… Nevus- small pigmented tumor (MOLES)

CLASSIFICATION

Benign Connective Tissue Tumors

… Lipoma- Adipose (fat) tumor

… Osteoma- Bone tumor

… Chondroma – Cartilage tumor

Malignant tumors that arise from epithelial tissue are called

… Carcinomas

Malignant tumors that involve connective tissues are called

… Sarcomas

CLASSIFICATIONS Carcinomas

… Melanoma- involves melanocytes (pigment producing cells)

… Adenocarcinoma- Malignant tumors of glandular epithelium (glands or cells that secrete bodily fluids)

Sarcomas

… Lymphoma- cancer of lymphatic tissue

… Osteosarcoma- malignant tumor of bone tissue

… Myeloma- bone marrow tumor

… Fibroscarcoma- cancer of fibrous tissue (connective tissue)

Miscellaneous

… Tumors that don’t fit either category

Adenofibroma- Benign epithelial and connective tissue tumor

Neuroblastoma_ Malignant tumor from nerve tissue

***Cancers can also be classified by their location

Stomach, skin, lung, brain…

Benign Malignant

MAJOR FORMS OF CANCER

Lung Lymphoma

Colon Ovarian

Breast Skin

Prostate

Uterine

Bladder

Oral (lip, mouth and throat)

Pancreatic

Leukemia

Read pages 89-90 starting with the causes of cancer and take notes!!!!

Pay special attention to the risk factor of cancer