canada-china clean energy initiative & annual workshop department of mechanical engineering...
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Canada-China Clean Energy Initiative & Annual Workshop
Department of Mechanical Engineering
&Institute for Integrated
Energy Systems
Advanced Research in Hybrid Electric Marine Propulsion Modelling and Design
Tiffany Jaster, B.Eng, M.Sc, [email protected] Anderson and Zuomin Dong
Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Energy Systems
Marine Research at UVic• UVic Green Vehicle/Transportation Research Specializations
– Advanced Powertrain/Propulsion System Modeling Tools– Optimal Design and Real-time Optimal Control System– Energy Management Systems
• Marine Engineering Research and Development– Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis– Wave Energy Conversion– Tidal Turbines
Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Energy Systems
Advance of Hybrid Powertrain Technology
Series/Parallel/BAS → THS → 2-Mode → Multi-Regime → Advanced S/P with ROC
GM 2-Mode
Low-cost HEV: Generation II BAS
Toyota THS
2014 Honda Accord S/P PHEV
UVic EcoCAR2
Multi-Mode/Regime
Real-time Optimal Control
Advanced Series/Parallel Real-time Optimal Control
UVic EcoCAR1
Volt
Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Energy Systems
Model and Optimization Based Design
Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Energy Systems
Adaptation of MOBD to Marine Hybrid Electric Propulsion Design
Development of Integrated Time-Domain Simulation Platform • Ship Motion Dynamics Representation with 6 DOF Models • Propulsion System Dynamics with High Fidelity Multi-Physics Models• Electrical Power System Models• Ship Controllers and Energy Management Optimization
Propeller Model Ship Dynamics ModelPowertrain Model
CONTROLLER
Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Energy Systems
Hydrodynamic Modelling• Unified Seakeeping and Maneuvering Approach to Vessel Modelling
– Use Resistance Coefficients generated from CFD and other data sources– Rigid Body Dynamics Approach
𝑴𝑹𝑩 �̇�+𝑪𝑹𝑩 (𝝊 )𝝊+𝑴 𝑨𝝊𝒓+𝑪 𝑨 (𝝊𝒓 )𝝊𝒓+𝑫 (𝝊𝒓 )𝝊𝒓+𝒈 (𝜼 )+𝒈𝒐=𝝉+𝝉𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅+𝝉𝒘𝒂𝒗𝒆
Sum of Forces Acting
HydrostaticForces
Hydrodynamic Forces
• Wave Radiation/Diffraction and Added Mass Inertial Effects
Use of ShipMo3D and WAMIT
• Time Domain Simulation and Visualization Direct DLL Link Between Simulink and ProteusDS
Rigid Body Forces
Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Energy Systems
Integration of Design ToolsSimulink Multi-Physics Development Tools
Mechanical Systems
1. dSPACE Diesel ASM Diesel Engine Model Exhaust After-Treatment
Modelling
2. SimDriveLine Parallel Drive Systems Gearboxes Clutches Propeller Shafts RADs
Electrical Systems
1. SimPowerSystems Electric Machines Inverters Micro-Grid Components Energy Storage
Propellers and Thrusters
1. OpenProp Lifting Line Propeller
Analysis Code Propulsion Optimization
2. Meta-Model Development
ShipMo3DWAMIT
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Ship Motion and Dynamics
1. MSS Toolbox 6DOF Models from
Hydrodynamic Programs WAMIT and ShipMo3D
Ship Controller Models
Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Energy Systems
Green Ship: Hybrid Propulsion System
Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Energy Systems
Green Ship: Modeling and Simulation
Ship Open Water Drag Subsystem
Wave/CurrentResistance Subsystem
Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Energy Systems
Green Ship: Mild vs. 30% ESS Assist
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 10000
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
Time [s]
Pow
er [
kW]
ESSGenerator 2Generator 1
30% ESS Assist HEV Mode: Power Contributions
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 10000
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
Time [s]
Po
wer
[k
W]
Generator 3Generator 2Generator 1
Mild HEV Mode: Power Contributions
ESS Only Mode
HEV Mode
FC State:OFF
Measure Pdmd and SOC
Pdmd≤PESS,maxYES YES
Full Hybrid ModeH2 Available
NO
NO
SOC>SOCCS,max
YES
NO
NO
YES
Supervisory Mode Control
ONGenerator 1 -> 2 Generator 2 -> 3
Mild 30% ESS Assist Mild 30% ESS Assist
193.5 kW 258 kW 387 kW 451.5 kWOFF
Generator 2 -> 1 Generator 3 -> 2
172 kW 344 kW
Generator Stop/Start Tables
Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Energy Systems
Study of Short-Cross Ferries for Hybridization
Motivations• Consistent operational load profiles ideal for application of offline
optimization techniques for component sizing and control• Well defined load cycles for energy storage system life prediction
• Models can be tuned to produce based on existing ship data and hot swap architecture option
• Incremental scale from successful commercial EV bus applications using frequent rapid-charge technology
• Target small vehicle ferries with favorable travel-to-berth time
Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Energy Systems
Rapid-Charge EV Architecture with Backup
DC GRID
DC
DC
Hybrid Rapid-ChargeEnergy Storage System
MECHANICAL PATHSELECTRICAL PATHS
Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Energy Systems
Information Gathering
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 180000
50
100
150
200
250
Typical Ferry Load Profile
Single Diesel Load Profile
Electrical Generation
Time (s)
Pow
er (k
W)
Data Acquisition (Phase 1)• Measure diesel ECU output load profile over daily sailing schedule• Measure genset power output over daily sailing schedule• Create overall energy use load profile for full electrification load demands
Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Energy Systems
Economic and Technological Factors for Plug-In Ship Electrification Feasibility
Charge/Discharge Rates
Images taken from “Status of Lithium Batteries Using Lithium Titanate Based Anode” from Altairnano
Battery Cycling and Economic Life
Rapid-Charging Infrastructure
Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Energy Systems
Future Work
• Conduct data acquisition of additional K-Class ferries to build
database of operating cycles and probabilistic models
• Extend load profile and powertrain studies to harbour tugs
• Develop integrated modelling platform for streamlined
hybrid-electric marine propulsion system design, analysis and
optimization
• Build local, national, and international industry partnerships
for joint-research and feasibility studies
Department of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute for Integrated Energy Systems
Thank you!